debuggs

feat(packages/excalidraw): state tracking, api hook, and others (#10870 )
feat(packages/excalidraw): export throttleRAF (#10912 )
2026-03-09 22:04:43 +01:00 · 2026-03-08 23:15:18 +01:00 · 2026-03-07 12:05:33 +01:00 · 2026-03-06 20:44:57 +01:00 · 2026-03-06 20:40:36 +01:00 · 2026-03-06 18:37:28 +01:00
494 changed files with 51377 additions and 15958 deletions
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ VITE_APP_WS_SERVER_URL=http://localhost:3002
 VITE_APP_PLUS_LP=https://plus.excalidraw.com
 VITE_APP_PLUS_APP=http://localhost:3000

-VITE_APP_AI_BACKEND=http://localhost:3015
+VITE_APP_AI_BACKEND=http://localhost:3016

 VITE_APP_FIREBASE_CONFIG='{"apiKey":"AIzaSyCMkxA60XIW8KbqMYL7edC4qT5l4qHX2h8","authDomain":"excalidraw-oss-dev.firebaseapp.com","projectId":"excalidraw-oss-dev","storageBucket":"excalidraw-oss-dev.appspot.com","messagingSenderId":"664559512677","appId":"1:664559512677:web:a385181f2928d328a7aa8c"}'

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ VITE_APP_ENABLE_TRACKING=true
 FAST_REFRESH=false

 # The port the run the dev server
-VITE_APP_PORT=3000
+VITE_APP_PORT=3001

 #Debug flags

@@ -39,5 +39,26 @@
        "allowReferrer": true
      }
    ]
-  }
+  },
+  "overrides": [
+    {
+      "files": ["packages/excalidraw/**/*.{ts,tsx}"],
+      "excludedFiles": ["packages/excalidraw/**/*.test.{ts,tsx}", "packages/excalidraw/**/*.test.*.{ts,tsx}"],
+      "rules": {
+        "@typescript-eslint/no-restricted-imports": [
+          "error",
+          {
+            "patterns": [
+              {
+                "group": ["@excalidraw/excalidraw"],
+                "message": "Do not import from the barrel 'index.tsx' files. Use direct relative imports to the specific module instead.",
+                "allowTypeImports": true
+              }
+            ],
+            "paths": [".", "..", "../..", "../../..", "../../../..", "../../../../..", "../index", "../../index", "../../../index", "../../../../index"]
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    }
+  ]
 }
@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
        with:
          fetch-depth: 2
-      - name: Setup Node.js 18.x
+      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: actions/setup-node@v2
        with:
-          node-version: 18.x
+          node-version: 20.x
      - name: Set up publish access
        run: |
          npm config set //registry.npmjs.org/:_authToken ${NPM_TOKEN}
@@ -9,10 +9,10 @@ jobs:
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v2

-      - name: Setup Node.js 18.x
+      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: actions/setup-node@v2
        with:
-          node-version: 18.x
+          node-version: 20.x

      - name: Install and lint
        run: |
@@ -14,10 +14,10 @@ jobs:
        with:
          token: ${{ secrets.PUSH_TRANSLATIONS_COVERAGE_PAT }}

-      - name: Setup Node.js 18.x
+      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: actions/setup-node@v2
        with:
-          node-version: 18.x
+          node-version: 20.x

      - name: Create report file
        run: |
@@ -10,10 +10,10 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
-      - name: Setup Node.js 18.x
+      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: actions/setup-node@v2
        with:
-          node-version: 18.x
+          node-version: 20.x
      - name: Install and build
        run: |
          yarn --frozen-lockfile
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ jobs:
          export SENTRY_RELEASE=$(sentry-cli releases propose-version)
          sentry-cli releases new $SENTRY_RELEASE --project $SENTRY_PROJECT
          sentry-cli releases set-commits --auto $SENTRY_RELEASE
-          sentry-cli releases files $SENTRY_RELEASE upload-sourcemaps --no-rewrite ./build/static/js/ --url-prefix "~/static/js"
+          sentry-cli sourcemaps upload --release $SENTRY_RELEASE --no-rewrite ./build/static/js/ --url-prefix "~/static/js"
          sentry-cli releases finalize $SENTRY_RELEASE
          sentry-cli releases deploys $SENTRY_RELEASE new -e production
        env:
@@ -11,10 +11,10 @@ jobs:
    steps:
      - name: Checkout repository
        uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      - name: Setup Node.js 18.x
+      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: actions/setup-node@v3
        with:
-          node-version: 18.x
+          node-version: 20.x
      - name: Install in packages/excalidraw
        run: yarn
        working-directory: packages/excalidraw
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: "Install Node"
        uses: actions/setup-node@v2
        with:
-          node-version: "18.x"
+          node-version: "20.x"
      - name: "Install Deps"
        run: yarn install
      - name: "Test Coverage"
@@ -9,10 +9,10 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Setup Node.js 18.x
+      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
        with:
-          node-version: 18.x
+          node-version: 20.x
      - name: Install and test
        run: |
          yarn install
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-18
@@ -23,23 +23,17 @@
 <br />
 <p align="center">
  <a href="https://github.com/excalidraw/excalidraw/blob/master/LICENSE">
-    <img alt="Excalidraw is released under the MIT license." src="https://img.shields.io/badge/license-MIT-blue.svg"  />
-  </a>
+    <img alt="Excalidraw is released under the MIT license." src="https://img.shields.io/badge/license-MIT-blue.svg"  /></a>
  <a href="https://www.npmjs.com/package/@excalidraw/excalidraw">
-    <img alt="npm downloads/month" src="https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/@excalidraw/excalidraw"  />
-  </a>
+    <img alt="npm downloads/month" src="https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/@excalidraw/excalidraw"  /></a>
  <a href="https://docs.excalidraw.com/docs/introduction/contributing">
-    <img alt="PRs welcome!" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/PRs-welcome-brightgreen.svg?style=flat"  />
-  </a>
+    <img alt="PRs welcome!" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/PRs-welcome-brightgreen.svg?style=flat"  /></a>
  <a href="https://discord.gg/UexuTaE">
-    <img alt="Chat on Discord" src="https://img.shields.io/discord/723672430744174682?color=738ad6&label=Chat%20on%20Discord&logo=discord&logoColor=ffffff&widge=false"/>
-  </a>
+    <img alt="Chat on Discord" src="https://img.shields.io/discord/723672430744174682?color=738ad6&label=Chat%20on%20Discord&logo=discord&logoColor=ffffff&widge=false"/></a>
  <a href="https://deepwiki.com/excalidraw/excalidraw">
-    <img alt="Ask DeepWiki" src="https://deepwiki.com/badge.svg" />
-  </a>
+    <img alt="Ask DeepWiki" src="https://deepwiki.com/badge.svg" /></a>
  <a href="https://twitter.com/excalidraw">
-    <img alt="Follow Excalidraw on Twitter" src="https://img.shields.io/twitter/follow/excalidraw.svg?label=follow+@excalidraw&style=social&logo=twitter"/>
-  </a>
+    <img alt="Follow Excalidraw on Twitter" src="https://img.shields.io/twitter/follow/excalidraw.svg?label=follow+@excalidraw&style=social&logo=twitter"/></a>
 </p>

 <div align="center">
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ You will need to import the `Footer` component from the package and wrap your co
 ```jsx live
 function App() {
  return (
-    <div style={{ height: "500px"}}>
+    <div style={{ height: "500px" }}>
      <Excalidraw>
        <Footer>
          <button
@@ -27,19 +27,19 @@ function App() {

 This will only work for `Desktop` devices.

-For `mobile` you will need to render it inside the [MainMenu](#mainmenu). You can use the [`useDevice`](#useDevice) hook to check the type of device, this will be available only inside the `children` of `Excalidraw` component.
+For `mobile` you will need to render it inside the [MainMenu](#mainmenu). You can use the [`useEditorInterface`](#useEditorInterface) hook to check the type of device, this will be available only inside the `children` of `Excalidraw` component.

 Open the `Menu` in the below playground and you will see the `custom footer` rendered.

 ```jsx live noInline
 const MobileFooter = ({}) => {
-  const device = useDevice();
-  if (device.editor.isMobile) {
+  const editorInterface = useEditorInterface();
+  if (editorInterface.formFactor === "phone") {
    return (
      <Footer>
        <button
          className="custom-footer"
-          style= {{ marginLeft: '20px', height: '2rem'}}
+          style={{ marginLeft: "20px", height: "2rem" }}
          onClick={() => alert("This is custom footer in mobile menu")}
        >
          custom footer
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ viewportCoordsToSceneCoords(&#123; clientX: number, clientY: number },<br/>&nbsp
  appState: <a href="https://github.com/excalidraw/excalidraw/blob/master/packages/excalidraw/types.ts#L95">AppState</a><br/>): &#123;x: number, y: number}
 </pre>

-### useDevice
+### useEditorInterface

 This hook can be used to check the type of device which is being used. It can only be used inside the `children` of `Excalidraw` component.

@@ -300,8 +300,8 @@ Open the `main menu` in the below example to view the footer.

 ```jsx live noInline
 const MobileFooter = ({}) => {
-  const device = useDevice();
-  if (device.editor.isMobile) {
+  const editorInterface = useEditorInterface();
+  if (editorInterface.formFactor === "phone") {
    return (
      <Footer>
        <button
@@ -336,12 +336,20 @@ render(<App />);
 The `device` has the following `attributes`, some grouped into `viewport` and `editor` objects, per context.

 | Name | Type | Description |
-| --- | --- | --- |
-| `viewport.isMobile` | `boolean` | Set to `true` when viewport is in `mobile` breakpoint |
-| `viewport.isLandscape` | `boolean` | Set to `true` when the viewport is in `landscape` mode |
-| `editor.canFitSidebar` | `boolean` | Set to `true` if there's enough space to fit the `sidebar` |
-| `editor.isMobile` | `boolean` | Set to `true` when editor container is in `mobile` breakpoint |
-| `isTouchScreen` | `boolean` | Set to `true` for `touch` when touch event detected |
+| ---- | ---- | ----------- |
+
+The `EditorInterface` object has the following properties:
+
+| Name | Type | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| `formFactor` | `'phone' | 'tablet' | 'desktop'` | Indicates the device type based on screen size |
+| `desktopUIMode` | `'compact' | 'full'` | UI mode for desktop form factor |
+| `userAgent.raw` | `string` | Raw user agent string |
+| `userAgent.isMobileDevice` | `boolean` | True if device is mobile |
+| `userAgent.platform` | `'ios' | 'android' | 'other' | 'unknown'` | Device platform |
+| `isTouchScreen` | `boolean` | True if touch events are detected |
+| `canFitSidebar` | `boolean` | True if sidebar can fit in the viewport |
+| `isLandscape` | `boolean` | True if viewport is in landscape mode |

 ### i18n

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-version: "3.8"
-
 services:
  excalidraw:
    build:
@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ const MobileFooter = ({
  excalidrawAPI: ExcalidrawImperativeAPI;
  excalidrawLib: typeof TExcalidraw;
 }) => {
-  const { useDevice, Footer } = excalidrawLib;
+  const { useEditorInterface, Footer } = excalidrawLib;

-  const device = useDevice();
-  if (device.editor.isMobile) {
+  const editorInterface = useEditorInterface();
+  if (editorInterface.formFactor === "phone") {
    return (
      <Footer>
        <CustomFooter
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "private": true,
  "dependencies": {
-    "react": "19.0.0",
-    "react-dom": "19.0.0",
    "@excalidraw/excalidraw": "*",
-    "browser-fs-access": "0.29.1"
+    "browser-fs-access": "0.38.0",
+    "react": "19.0.0",
+    "react-dom": "19.0.0"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
-    "vite": "5.0.12",
-    "typescript": "^5"
+    "typescript": "^5",
+    "vite": "5.0.12"
  },
  "scripts": {
    "start": "vite",
@@ -4,8 +4,6 @@ import { unstable_batchedUpdates } from "react-dom";

 type FILE_EXTENSION = Exclude<keyof typeof MIME_TYPES, "binary">;

-const INPUT_CHANGE_INTERVAL_MS = 500;
-
 export type ResolvablePromise<T> = Promise<T> & {
  resolve: [T] extends [undefined] ? (value?: T) => void : (value: T) => void;
  reject: (error: Error) => void;
@@ -54,40 +52,6 @@ export const fileOpen = <M extends boolean | undefined = false>(opts: {
    extensions,
    mimeTypes,
    multiple: opts.multiple ?? false,
-    legacySetup: (resolve, reject, input) => {
-      const scheduleRejection = debounce(reject, INPUT_CHANGE_INTERVAL_MS);
-      const focusHandler = () => {
-        checkForFile();
-        document.addEventListener("keyup", scheduleRejection);
-        document.addEventListener("pointerup", scheduleRejection);
-        scheduleRejection();
-      };
-      const checkForFile = () => {
-        // this hack might not work when expecting multiple files
-        if (input.files?.length) {
-          const ret = opts.multiple ? [...input.files] : input.files[0];
-          resolve(ret as RetType);
-        }
-      };
-      requestAnimationFrame(() => {
-        window.addEventListener("focus", focusHandler);
-      });
-      const interval = window.setInterval(() => {
-        checkForFile();
-      }, INPUT_CHANGE_INTERVAL_MS);
-      return (rejectPromise) => {
-        clearInterval(interval);
-        scheduleRejection.cancel();
-        window.removeEventListener("focus", focusHandler);
-        document.removeEventListener("keyup", scheduleRejection);
-        document.removeEventListener("pointerup", scheduleRejection);
-        if (rejectPromise) {
-          // so that something is shown in console if we need to debug this
-          console.warn("Opening the file was canceled (legacy-fs).");
-          rejectPromise(new Error("Request Aborted"));
-        }
-      };
-    },
  }) as Promise<RetType>;
 };

@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@ import {
  TTDDialogTrigger,
  CaptureUpdateAction,
  reconcileElements,
+  useEditorInterface,
+  ExcalidrawAPIProvider,
+  useExcalidrawAPI,
 } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw";
 import { trackEvent } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/analytics";
 import { getDefaultAppState } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/appState";
@@ -33,7 +36,6 @@ import {
 import polyfill from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/polyfill";
 import { useCallback, useEffect, useRef, useState } from "react";
 import { loadFromBlob } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/data/blob";
-import { useCallbackRefState } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/hooks/useCallbackRefState";
 import { t } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/i18n";

 import {
@@ -47,7 +49,11 @@ import {
  youtubeIcon,
 } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/components/icons";
 import { isElementLink } from "@excalidraw/element";
-import { restore, restoreAppState } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/data/restore";
+import {
+  bumpElementVersions,
+  restoreAppState,
+  restoreElements,
+} from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/data/restore";
 import { newElementWith } from "@excalidraw/element";
 import { isInitializedImageElement } from "@excalidraw/element";
 import clsx from "clsx";
@@ -69,6 +75,7 @@ import type {
  BinaryFiles,
  ExcalidrawInitialDataState,
  UIAppState,
+  ExcalidrawProps,
 } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/types";
 import type { ResolutionType } from "@excalidraw/common/utility-types";
 import type { ResolvablePromise } from "@excalidraw/common/utils";
@@ -104,11 +111,12 @@ import { TopErrorBoundary } from "./components/TopErrorBoundary";
 import {
  exportToBackend,
  getCollaborationLinkData,
+  importFromBackend,
  isCollaborationLink,
-  loadScene,
 } from "./data";

 import { updateStaleImageStatuses } from "./data/FileManager";
+import { FileStatusStore } from "./data/fileStatusStore";
 import {
  importFromLocalStorage,
  importUsernameFromLocalStorage,
@@ -119,6 +127,7 @@ import {
  LibraryIndexedDBAdapter,
  LibraryLocalStorageMigrationAdapter,
  LocalData,
+  localStorageQuotaExceededAtom,
 } from "./data/LocalData";
 import { isBrowserStorageStateNewer } from "./data/tabSync";
 import { ShareDialog, shareDialogStateAtom } from "./share/ShareDialog";
@@ -136,6 +145,9 @@ import { ExcalidrawPlusIframeExport } from "./ExcalidrawPlusIframeExport";

 import "./index.scss";

+import { ExcalidrawPlusPromoBanner } from "./components/ExcalidrawPlusPromoBanner";
+import { AppSidebar } from "./components/AppSidebar";
+
 import type { CollabAPI } from "./collab/Collab";

 polyfill();
@@ -219,9 +231,20 @@ const initializeScene = async (opts: {

  const localDataState = importFromLocalStorage();

-  let scene: RestoredDataState & {
+  let scene: Omit<
+    RestoredDataState,
+    // we're not storing files in the scene database/localStorage, and instead
+    // fetch them async from a different store
+    "files"
+  > & {
    scrollToContent?: boolean;
-  } = await loadScene(null, null, localDataState);
+  } = {
+    elements: restoreElements(localDataState?.elements, null, {
+      repairBindings: true,
+      deleteInvisibleElements: true,
+    }),
+    appState: restoreAppState(localDataState?.appState, null),
+  };

  let roomLinkData = getCollaborationLinkData(window.location.href);
  const isExternalScene = !!(id || jsonBackendMatch || roomLinkData);
@@ -235,11 +258,26 @@ const initializeScene = async (opts: {
      (await openConfirmModal(shareableLinkConfirmDialog))
    ) {
      if (jsonBackendMatch) {
-        scene = await loadScene(
+        const imported = await importFromBackend(
          jsonBackendMatch[1],
          jsonBackendMatch[2],
-          localDataState,
        );
+
+        scene = {
+          elements: bumpElementVersions(
+            restoreElements(imported.elements, null, {
+              repairBindings: true,
+              deleteInvisibleElements: true,
+            }),
+            localDataState?.elements,
+          ),
+          appState: restoreAppState(
+            imported.appState,
+            // local appState when importing from backend to ensure we restore
+            // localStorage user settings which we do not persist on server.
+            localDataState?.appState,
+          ),
+        };
      }
      scene.scrollToContent = true;
      if (!roomLinkData) {
@@ -334,6 +372,8 @@ const initializeScene = async (opts: {
 };

 const ExcalidrawWrapper = () => {
+  const excalidrawAPI = useExcalidrawAPI();
+
  const [errorMessage, setErrorMessage] = useState("");
  const isCollabDisabled = isRunningInIframe();

@@ -341,6 +381,8 @@ const ExcalidrawWrapper = () => {

  const [langCode, setLangCode] = useAppLangCode();

+  const editorInterface = useEditorInterface();
+
  // initial state
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

@@ -362,9 +404,6 @@ const ExcalidrawWrapper = () => {
    }, VERSION_TIMEOUT);
  }, []);

-  const [excalidrawAPI, excalidrawRefCallback] =
-    useCallbackRefState<ExcalidrawImperativeAPI>();
-
  const [, setShareDialogState] = useAtom(shareDialogStateAtom);
  const [collabAPI] = useAtom(collabAPIAtom);
  const [isCollaborating] = useAtomWithInitialValue(isCollaboratingAtom, () => {
@@ -396,18 +435,15 @@ const ExcalidrawWrapper = () => {
    }
  }, [excalidrawAPI]);

-  useEffect(() => {
-    if (!excalidrawAPI || (!isCollabDisabled && !collabAPI)) {
-      return;
-    }
-
-    const loadImages = (
-      data: ResolutionType<typeof initializeScene>,
-      isInitialLoad = false,
-    ) => {
-      if (!data.scene) {
+  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Hoisted loadImages
+  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  const loadImages = useCallback(
+    (data: ResolutionType<typeof initializeScene>, isInitialLoad = false) => {
+      if (!data.scene || !excalidrawAPI) {
        return;
      }
+
      if (collabAPI?.isCollaborating()) {
        if (data.scene.elements) {
          collabAPI
@@ -434,6 +470,12 @@ const ExcalidrawWrapper = () => {
          }, [] as FileId[]) || [];

        if (data.isExternalScene) {
+          if (fileIds.length) {
+            // Direct Firebase call (not through FileManager), so track manually
+            FileStatusStore.updateStatuses(
+              fileIds.map((id) => [id, "loading"]),
+            );
+          }
          loadFilesFromFirebase(
            `${FIREBASE_STORAGE_PREFIXES.shareLinkFiles}/${data.id}`,
            data.key,
@@ -445,12 +487,18 @@ const ExcalidrawWrapper = () => {
              erroredFiles,
              elements: excalidrawAPI.getSceneElementsIncludingDeleted(),
            });
+            FileStatusStore.updateStatuses([
+              ...loadedFiles.map((f) => [f.id, "loaded"] as [FileId, "loaded"]),
+              ...[...erroredFiles.keys()].map(
+                (id) => [id, "error"] as [FileId, "error"],
+              ),
+            ]);
          });
        } else if (isInitialLoad) {
          if (fileIds.length) {
            LocalData.fileStorage
              .getFiles(fileIds)
-              .then(({ loadedFiles, erroredFiles }) => {
+              .then(async ({ loadedFiles, erroredFiles }) => {
                if (loadedFiles.length) {
                  excalidrawAPI.addFiles(loadedFiles);
                }
@@ -463,10 +511,19 @@ const ExcalidrawWrapper = () => {
          }
          // on fresh load, clear unused files from IDB (from previous
          // session)
-          LocalData.fileStorage.clearObsoleteFiles({ currentFileIds: fileIds });
+          LocalData.fileStorage.clearObsoleteFiles({
+            currentFileIds: fileIds,
+          });
        }
      }
-    };
+    },
+    [collabAPI, excalidrawAPI],
+  );
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!excalidrawAPI || (!isCollabDisabled && !collabAPI)) {
+      return;
+    }

    initializeScene({ collabAPI, excalidrawAPI }).then(async (data) => {
      loadImages(data, /* isInitialLoad */ true);
@@ -489,8 +546,10 @@ const ExcalidrawWrapper = () => {
          loadImages(data);
          if (data.scene) {
            excalidrawAPI.updateScene({
-              ...data.scene,
-              ...restore(data.scene, null, null, { repairBindings: true }),
+              elements: restoreElements(data.scene.elements, null, {
+                repairBindings: true,
+              }),
+              appState: restoreAppState(data.scene.appState, null),
              captureUpdate: CaptureUpdateAction.IMMEDIATELY,
            });
          }
@@ -589,7 +648,7 @@ const ExcalidrawWrapper = () => {
        false,
      );
    };
-  }, [isCollabDisabled, collabAPI, excalidrawAPI, setLangCode]);
+  }, [isCollabDisabled, collabAPI, excalidrawAPI, setLangCode, loadImages]);

  useEffect(() => {
    const unloadHandler = (event: BeforeUnloadEvent) => {
@@ -662,8 +721,8 @@ const ExcalidrawWrapper = () => {
      debugRenderer(
        debugCanvasRef.current,
        appState,
+        elements,
        window.devicePixelRatio,
-        () => forceRefresh((prev) => !prev),
      );
    }
  };
@@ -727,11 +786,63 @@ const ExcalidrawWrapper = () => {

  const isOffline = useAtomValue(isOfflineAtom);

+  const localStorageQuotaExceeded = useAtomValue(localStorageQuotaExceededAtom);
+
  const onCollabDialogOpen = useCallback(
    () => setShareDialogState({ isOpen: true, type: "collaborationOnly" }),
    [setShareDialogState],
  );

+  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // onExport — intercepts file save to wait for pending image loads
+  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  const onExport: Required<ExcalidrawProps>["onExport"] = useCallback(
+    async function* () {
+      let snapshot = FileStatusStore.getSnapshot();
+      const { pending, total } = FileStatusStore.getPendingCount(
+        snapshot.value,
+      );
+      if (pending === 0) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      // Yield initial progress
+      yield {
+        type: "progress",
+        progress: (total - pending) / total,
+        message: `Loading images (${total - pending}/${total})...`,
+      };
+
+      // Wait for all pending images to finish
+      while (true) {
+        snapshot = await FileStatusStore.pull(snapshot.version);
+        const { pending: nowPending, total: nowTotal } =
+          FileStatusStore.getPendingCount(snapshot.value);
+
+        yield {
+          type: "progress",
+          progress: (nowTotal - nowPending) / nowTotal,
+          message: `Loading images (${nowTotal - nowPending}/${nowTotal})...`,
+        };
+
+        if (nowPending === 0) {
+          await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, 500));
+          yield {
+            type: "progress",
+            message: `Preparing export...`,
+          };
+          return;
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    [],
+  );
+
+  // const onExport = () => {
+  //   return new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, 2500));
+  //   // console.log("onExport");
+  // };
+
  // browsers generally prevent infinite self-embedding, there are
  // cases where it still happens, and while we disallow self-embedding
  // by not whitelisting our own origin, this serves as an additional guard
@@ -798,8 +909,8 @@ const ExcalidrawWrapper = () => {
      })}
    >
      <Excalidraw
-        excalidrawAPI={excalidrawRefCallback}
        onChange={onChange}
+        onExport={onExport}
        initialData={initialStatePromiseRef.current.promise}
        isCollaborating={isCollaborating}
        onPointerUpdate={collabAPI?.onPointerUpdate}
@@ -845,14 +956,22 @@ const ExcalidrawWrapper = () => {
          if (isMobile || !collabAPI || isCollabDisabled) {
            return null;
          }
+
          return (
-            <div className="top-right-ui">
+            <div className="excalidraw-ui-top-right">
+              {excalidrawAPI?.getEditorInterface().formFactor === "desktop" && (
+                <ExcalidrawPlusPromoBanner
+                  isSignedIn={isExcalidrawPlusSignedUser}
+                />
+              )}
+
              {collabError.message && <CollabError collabError={collabError} />}
              <LiveCollaborationTrigger
                isCollaborating={isCollaborating}
                onSelect={() =>
                  setShareDialogState({ isOpen: true, type: "share" })
                }
+                editorInterface={editorInterface}
              />
            </div>
          );
@@ -901,10 +1020,15 @@ const ExcalidrawWrapper = () => {

        <TTDDialogTrigger />
        {isCollaborating && isOffline && (
-          <div className="collab-offline-warning">
+          <div className="alertalert--warning">
            {t("alerts.collabOfflineWarning")}
          </div>
        )}
+        {localStorageQuotaExceeded && (
+          <div className="alert alert--danger">
+            {t("alerts.localStorageQuotaExceeded")}
+          </div>
+        )}
        {latestShareableLink && (
          <ShareableLinkDialog
            link={latestShareableLink}
@@ -933,6 +1057,8 @@ const ExcalidrawWrapper = () => {
          }}
        />

+        <AppSidebar />
+
        {errorMessage && (
          <ErrorDialog onClose={() => setErrorMessage("")}>
            {errorMessage}
@@ -1150,7 +1276,9 @@ const ExcalidrawApp = () => {
  return (
    <TopErrorBoundary>
      <Provider store={appJotaiStore}>
-        <ExcalidrawWrapper />
+        <ExcalidrawAPIProvider>
+          <ExcalidrawWrapper />
+        </ExcalidrawAPIProvider>
      </Provider>
    </TopErrorBoundary>
  );
@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@ export const SYNC_BROWSER_TABS_TIMEOUT = 50;
 export const CURSOR_SYNC_TIMEOUT = 33; // ~30fps
 export const DELETED_ELEMENT_TIMEOUT = 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000; // 1 day

-export const FILE_UPLOAD_MAX_BYTES = 3 * 1024 * 1024; // 3 MiB
+// should be aligned with MAX_ALLOWED_FILE_BYTES
+export const FILE_UPLOAD_MAX_BYTES = 4 * 1024 * 1024; // 4 MiB
 // 1 year (https://stackoverflow.com/a/25201898/927631)
 export const FILE_CACHE_MAX_AGE_SEC = 31536000;

@@ -45,6 +46,7 @@ export const STORAGE_KEYS = {
  VERSION_FILES: "version-files",

  IDB_LIBRARY: "excalidraw-library",
+  IDB_TTD_CHATS: "excalidraw-ttd-chats",

  // do not use apart from migrations
  __LEGACY_LOCAL_STORAGE_LIBRARY: "excalidraw-library",
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import {
  reconcileElements,
 } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw";
 import { ErrorDialog } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/components/ErrorDialog";
-import { APP_NAME, EVENT } from "@excalidraw/common";
+import { APP_NAME, cloneJSON, EVENT, toBrandedType } from "@excalidraw/common";
 import {
  IDLE_THRESHOLD,
  ACTIVE_THRESHOLD,
@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@ import { withBatchedUpdates } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/reactUtils";
 import throttle from "lodash.throttle";
 import { PureComponent } from "react";

+import { bumpElementVersions } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/data/restore";
+
 import type {
  ReconciledExcalidrawElement,
  RemoteExcalidrawElement,
@@ -70,6 +72,7 @@ import {
  FileManager,
  updateStaleImageStatuses,
 } from "../data/FileManager";
+import { FileStatusStore } from "../data/fileStatusStore";
 import { LocalData } from "../data/LocalData";
 import {
  isSavedToFirebase,
@@ -147,6 +150,7 @@ class Collab extends PureComponent<CollabProps, CollabState> {
    };
    this.portal = new Portal(this);
    this.fileManager = new FileManager({
+      onFileStatusChange: FileStatusStore.updateStatuses.bind(FileStatusStore),
      getFiles: async (fileIds) => {
        const { roomId, roomKey } = this.portal;
        if (!roomId || !roomKey) {
@@ -311,6 +315,7 @@ class Collab extends PureComponent<CollabProps, CollabState> {
  saveCollabRoomToFirebase = async (
    syncableElements: readonly SyncableExcalidrawElement[],
  ) => {
+    syncableElements = cloneJSON(syncableElements);
    try {
      const storedElements = await saveToFirebase(
        this.portal,
@@ -441,7 +446,7 @@ class Collab extends PureComponent<CollabProps, CollabState> {
  };

  private decryptPayload = async (
-    iv: Uint8Array,
+    iv: Uint8Array<ArrayBuffer>,
    encryptedData: ArrayBuffer,
    decryptionKey: string,
  ): Promise<ValueOf<SocketUpdateDataSource>> => {
@@ -530,7 +535,10 @@ class Collab extends PureComponent<CollabProps, CollabState> {
      return null;
    }

-    if (!existingRoomLinkData) {
+    if (existingRoomLinkData) {
+      // when joining existing room, don't merge it with current scene data
+      this.excalidrawAPI.resetScene();
+    } else {
      const elements = this.excalidrawAPI.getSceneElements().map((element) => {
        if (isImageElement(element) && element.status === "saved") {
          return newElementWith(element, { status: "pending" });
@@ -559,7 +567,7 @@ class Collab extends PureComponent<CollabProps, CollabState> {
    // All socket listeners are moving to Portal
    this.portal.socket.on(
      "client-broadcast",
-      async (encryptedData: ArrayBuffer, iv: Uint8Array) => {
+      async (encryptedData: ArrayBuffer, iv: Uint8Array<ArrayBuffer>) => {
        if (!this.portal.roomKey) {
          return;
        }
@@ -576,7 +584,9 @@ class Collab extends PureComponent<CollabProps, CollabState> {
          case WS_SUBTYPES.INIT: {
            if (!this.portal.socketInitialized) {
              this.initializeRoom({ fetchScene: false });
-              const remoteElements = decryptedData.payload.elements;
+              const remoteElements = toBrandedType<
+                readonly RemoteExcalidrawElement[]
+              >(decryptedData.payload.elements);
              const reconciledElements =
                this._reconcileElements(remoteElements);
              this.handleRemoteSceneUpdate(reconciledElements);
@@ -590,7 +600,11 @@ class Collab extends PureComponent<CollabProps, CollabState> {
          }
          case WS_SUBTYPES.UPDATE:
            this.handleRemoteSceneUpdate(
-              this._reconcileElements(decryptedData.payload.elements),
+              this._reconcileElements(
+                toBrandedType<readonly RemoteExcalidrawElement[]>(
+                  decryptedData.payload.elements,
+                ),
+              ),
            );
            break;
          case WS_SUBTYPES.MOUSE_LOCATION: {
@@ -739,17 +753,28 @@ class Collab extends PureComponent<CollabProps, CollabState> {
  };

  private _reconcileElements = (
-    remoteElements: readonly ExcalidrawElement[],
+    remoteElements: readonly RemoteExcalidrawElement[],
  ): ReconciledExcalidrawElement[] => {
-    const localElements = this.getSceneElementsIncludingDeleted();
    const appState = this.excalidrawAPI.getAppState();
-    const restoredRemoteElements = restoreElements(remoteElements, null);
-    const reconciledElements = reconcileElements(
-      localElements,
-      restoredRemoteElements as RemoteExcalidrawElement[],
+
+    const existingElements = this.getSceneElementsIncludingDeleted();
+
+    // NOTE ideally we restore _after_ reconciliation but we can't do that
+    // as we'd regenerate even elements such as appState.newElement which would
+    // break the state
+    remoteElements = restoreElements(remoteElements, existingElements);
+
+    let reconciledElements = reconcileElements(
+      existingElements,
+      remoteElements,
      appState,
    );

+    reconciledElements = bumpElementVersions(
+      reconciledElements,
+      existingElements,
+    );
+
    // Avoid broadcasting to the rest of the collaborators the scene
    // we just received!
    // Note: this needs to be set before updating the scene as it
@@ -4,12 +4,15 @@ import {
  getTextFromElements,
  MIME_TYPES,
  TTDDialog,
+  TTDStreamFetch,
 } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw";
 import { getDataURL } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/data/blob";
 import { safelyParseJSON } from "@excalidraw/common";

 import type { ExcalidrawImperativeAPI } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/types";

+import { TTDIndexedDBAdapter } from "../data/TTDStorage";
+
 export const AIComponents = ({
  excalidrawAPI,
 }: {
@@ -99,61 +102,23 @@ export const AIComponents = ({
      />

      <TTDDialog
-        onTextSubmit={async (input) => {
-          try {
-            const response = await fetch(
-              `${
-                import.meta.env.VITE_APP_AI_BACKEND
-              }/v1/ai/text-to-diagram/generate`,
-              {
-                method: "POST",
-                headers: {
-                  Accept: "application/json",
-                  "Content-Type": "application/json",
-                },
-                body: JSON.stringify({ prompt: input }),
-              },
-            );
+        onTextSubmit={async (props) => {
+          const { onChunk, onStreamCreated, signal, messages } = props;

-            const rateLimit = response.headers.has("X-Ratelimit-Limit")
-              ? parseInt(response.headers.get("X-Ratelimit-Limit") || "0", 10)
-              : undefined;
+          const result = await TTDStreamFetch({
+            url: `${
+              import.meta.env.VITE_APP_AI_BACKEND
+            }/v1/ai/text-to-diagram/chat-streaming`,
+            messages,
+            onChunk,
+            onStreamCreated,
+            extractRateLimits: true,
+            signal,
+          });

-            const rateLimitRemaining = response.headers.has(
-              "X-Ratelimit-Remaining",
-            )
-              ? parseInt(
-                  response.headers.get("X-Ratelimit-Remaining") || "0",
-                  10,
-                )
-              : undefined;
-
-            const json = await response.json();
-
-            if (!response.ok) {
-              if (response.status === 429) {
-                return {
-                  rateLimit,
-                  rateLimitRemaining,
-                  error: new Error(
-                    "Too many requests today, please try again tomorrow!",
-                  ),
-                };
-              }
-
-              throw new Error(json.message || "Generation failed...");
-            }
-
-            const generatedResponse = json.generatedResponse;
-            if (!generatedResponse) {
-              throw new Error("Generation failed...");
-            }
-
-            return { generatedResponse, rateLimit, rateLimitRemaining };
-          } catch (err: any) {
-            throw new Error("Request failed");
-          }
+          return result;
        }}
+        persistenceAdapter={TTDIndexedDBAdapter}
      />
    </>
  );
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ import { isExcalidrawPlusSignedUser } from "../app_constants";

 import { DebugFooter, isVisualDebuggerEnabled } from "./DebugCanvas";
 import { EncryptedIcon } from "./EncryptedIcon";
-import { ExcalidrawPlusAppLink } from "./ExcalidrawPlusAppLink";

 export const AppFooter = React.memo(
  ({ onChange }: { onChange: () => void }) => {
@@ -19,11 +18,7 @@ export const AppFooter = React.memo(
          }}
        >
          {isVisualDebuggerEnabled() && <DebugFooter onChange={onChange} />}
-          {isExcalidrawPlusSignedUser ? (
-            <ExcalidrawPlusAppLink />
-          ) : (
-            <EncryptedIcon />
-          )}
+          {!isExcalidrawPlusSignedUser && <EncryptedIcon />}
        </div>
      </Footer>
    );
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ export const AppMainMenu: React.FC<{
      {isDevEnv() && (
        <MainMenu.Item
          icon={eyeIcon}
-          onClick={() => {
+          onSelect={() => {
            if (window.visualDebug) {
              delete window.visualDebug;
              saveDebugState({ enabled: false });
@@ -77,6 +77,7 @@ export const AppMainMenu: React.FC<{
        </MainMenu.Item>
      )}
      <MainMenu.Separator />
+      <MainMenu.DefaultItems.Preferences />
      <MainMenu.DefaultItems.ToggleTheme
        allowSystemTheme
        theme={props.theme}
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+.excalidraw {
+  .app-sidebar-promo-container {
+    padding: 0.75rem;
+    display: flex;
+    flex-direction: column;
+    text-align: center;
+    gap: 1rem;
+    flex: 1 1 auto;
+  }
+
+  .app-sidebar-promo-image {
+    margin: 1rem 0;
+
+    height: 16.25rem;
+    background-size: contain;
+    background-position: center;
+    background-repeat: no-repeat;
+
+    background-image: radial-gradient(
+        circle,
+        transparent 60%,
+        var(--sidebar-bg-color) 100%
+      ),
+      var(--image-source);
+
+    display: flex;
+  }
+
+  .app-sidebar-promo-text {
+    padding: 0 2rem;
+  }
+
+  .link-button {
+    margin: 0 auto;
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+import { DefaultSidebar, Sidebar, THEME } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw";
+import {
+  messageCircleIcon,
+  presentationIcon,
+} from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/components/icons";
+import { LinkButton } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/components/LinkButton";
+import { useUIAppState } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/context/ui-appState";
+
+import "./AppSidebar.scss";
+
+export const AppSidebar = () => {
+  const { theme, openSidebar } = useUIAppState();
+
+  return (
+    <DefaultSidebar>
+      <DefaultSidebar.TabTriggers>
+        <Sidebar.TabTrigger
+          tab="comments"
+          style={{ opacity: openSidebar?.tab === "comments" ? 1 : 0.4 }}
+        >
+          {messageCircleIcon}
+        </Sidebar.TabTrigger>
+        <Sidebar.TabTrigger
+          tab="presentation"
+          style={{ opacity: openSidebar?.tab === "presentation" ? 1 : 0.4 }}
+        >
+          {presentationIcon}
+        </Sidebar.TabTrigger>
+      </DefaultSidebar.TabTriggers>
+      <Sidebar.Tab tab="comments">
+        <div className="app-sidebar-promo-container">
+          <div
+            className="app-sidebar-promo-image"
+            style={{
+              ["--image-source" as any]: `url(/oss_promo_comments_${
+                theme === THEME.DARK ? "dark" : "light"
+              }.jpg)`,
+              opacity: 0.7,
+            }}
+          />
+          <div className="app-sidebar-promo-text">
+            Make comments with Excalidraw+
+          </div>
+          <LinkButton
+            href={`${
+              import.meta.env.VITE_APP_PLUS_LP
+            }/plus?utm_source=excalidraw&utm_medium=app&utm_content=comments_promo#excalidraw-redirect`}
+          >
+            Sign up now
+          </LinkButton>
+        </div>
+      </Sidebar.Tab>
+      <Sidebar.Tab tab="presentation" className="px-3">
+        <div className="app-sidebar-promo-container">
+          <div
+            className="app-sidebar-promo-image"
+            style={{
+              ["--image-source" as any]: `url(/oss_promo_presentations_${
+                theme === THEME.DARK ? "dark" : "light"
+              }.svg)`,
+              backgroundSize: "60%",
+              opacity: 0.4,
+            }}
+          />
+          <div className="app-sidebar-promo-text">
+            Create presentations with Excalidraw+
+          </div>
+          <LinkButton
+            href={`${
+              import.meta.env.VITE_APP_PLUS_LP
+            }/plus?utm_source=excalidraw&utm_medium=app&utm_content=presentations_promo#excalidraw-redirect`}
+          >
+            Sign up now
+          </LinkButton>
+        </div>
+      </Sidebar.Tab>
+    </DefaultSidebar>
+  );
+};
@@ -33,7 +33,15 @@ export const AppWelcomeScreen: React.FC<{
        return bit;
      });
  } else {
-    headingContent = t("welcomeScreen.app.center_heading");
+    headingContent = (
+      <>
+        {t("welcomeScreen.app.center_heading")}
+        <br />
+        {t("welcomeScreen.app.center_heading_line2")}
+        <br />
+        {t("welcomeScreen.app.center_heading_line3")}
+      </>
+    );
  }

  return (
@@ -8,9 +8,15 @@ import {
  getNormalizedCanvasDimensions,
 } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/renderer/helpers";
 import { type AppState } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/types";
-import { throttleRAF } from "@excalidraw/common";
+import { arrayToMap, throttleRAF } from "@excalidraw/common";
 import { useCallback } from "react";

+import {
+  getGlobalFixedPointForBindableElement,
+  isArrowElement,
+  isBindableElement,
+} from "@excalidraw/element";
+
 import {
  isLineSegment,
  type GlobalPoint,
@@ -21,8 +27,17 @@ import { isCurve } from "@excalidraw/math/curve";
 import React from "react";

 import type { Curve } from "@excalidraw/math";
-
-import type { DebugElement } from "@excalidraw/utils/visualdebug";
+import type {
+  DebugElement,
+  DebugPolygon,
+} from "@excalidraw/element/visualdebug";
+import type {
+  ElementsMap,
+  ExcalidrawArrowElement,
+  ExcalidrawBindableElement,
+  FixedPointBinding,
+  OrderedExcalidrawElement,
+} from "@excalidraw/element/types";

 import { STORAGE_KEYS } from "../app_constants";

@@ -63,6 +78,44 @@ const renderCubicBezier = (
  context.restore();
 };

+const renderPolygon = (
+  context: CanvasRenderingContext2D,
+  zoom: number,
+  polygon: DebugPolygon,
+  color: string,
+) => {
+  const { points, fill, close } = polygon;
+
+  if (points.length < 2) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  context.save();
+  context.beginPath();
+  context.moveTo(points[0][0] * zoom, points[0][1] * zoom);
+  for (let i = 1; i < points.length; i += 1) {
+    context.lineTo(points[i][0] * zoom, points[i][1] * zoom);
+  }
+  if (close !== false) {
+    context.closePath();
+  }
+
+  if (fill) {
+    context.save();
+    context.globalAlpha = 0.15;
+    context.fillStyle = color;
+    context.fill();
+    context.restore();
+  }
+
+  context.strokeStyle = color;
+  context.stroke();
+  context.restore();
+};
+
+const isDebugPolygon = (data: DebugElement["data"]): data is DebugPolygon =>
+  (data as DebugPolygon).type === "polygon";
+
 const renderOrigin = (context: CanvasRenderingContext2D, zoom: number) => {
  context.strokeStyle = "#888";
  context.save();
@@ -75,6 +128,176 @@ const renderOrigin = (context: CanvasRenderingContext2D, zoom: number) => {
  context.save();
 };

+const _renderBinding = (
+  context: CanvasRenderingContext2D,
+  binding: FixedPointBinding,
+  elementsMap: ElementsMap,
+  zoom: number,
+  width: number,
+  height: number,
+  color: string,
+) => {
+  if (!binding.fixedPoint) {
+    console.warn("Binding must have a fixedPoint");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  const bindable = elementsMap.get(
+    binding.elementId,
+  ) as ExcalidrawBindableElement;
+  const [x, y] = getGlobalFixedPointForBindableElement(
+    binding.fixedPoint,
+    bindable,
+    elementsMap,
+  );
+
+  context.save();
+  context.strokeStyle = color;
+  context.lineWidth = 1;
+  context.beginPath();
+  context.moveTo(x * zoom, y * zoom);
+  context.bezierCurveTo(
+    x * zoom - width,
+    y * zoom - height,
+    x * zoom - width,
+    y * zoom + height,
+    x * zoom,
+    y * zoom,
+  );
+  context.stroke();
+  context.restore();
+};
+
+const _renderBindableBinding = (
+  binding: FixedPointBinding,
+  context: CanvasRenderingContext2D,
+  elementsMap: ElementsMap,
+  zoom: number,
+  width: number,
+  height: number,
+  color: string,
+) => {
+  const bindable = elementsMap.get(
+    binding.elementId,
+  ) as ExcalidrawBindableElement;
+  if (!binding.fixedPoint) {
+    console.warn("Binding must have a fixedPoint");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  const [x, y] = getGlobalFixedPointForBindableElement(
+    binding.fixedPoint,
+    bindable,
+    elementsMap,
+  );
+
+  context.save();
+  context.strokeStyle = color;
+  context.lineWidth = 1;
+  context.beginPath();
+  context.moveTo(x * zoom, y * zoom);
+  context.bezierCurveTo(
+    x * zoom + width,
+    y * zoom + height,
+    x * zoom + width,
+    y * zoom - height,
+    x * zoom,
+    y * zoom,
+  );
+  context.stroke();
+  context.restore();
+};
+
+const renderBindings = (
+  context: CanvasRenderingContext2D,
+  elements: readonly OrderedExcalidrawElement[],
+  zoom: number,
+) => {
+  const elementsMap = arrayToMap(elements);
+  const dim = 16;
+  elements.forEach((element) => {
+    if (element.isDeleted) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (isArrowElement(element)) {
+      if (element.startBinding) {
+        if (
+          !elementsMap
+            .get(element.startBinding.elementId)
+            ?.boundElements?.find((e) => e.id === element.id)
+        ) {
+          return;
+        }
+
+        _renderBinding(
+          context,
+          element.startBinding,
+          elementsMap,
+          zoom,
+          dim,
+          dim,
+          element.startBinding?.mode === "orbit" ? "red" : "black",
+        );
+      }
+
+      if (element.endBinding) {
+        if (
+          !elementsMap
+            .get(element.endBinding.elementId)
+            ?.boundElements?.find((e) => e.id === element.id)
+        ) {
+          return;
+        }
+        _renderBinding(
+          context,
+          element.endBinding,
+          elementsMap,
+          zoom,
+          dim,
+          dim,
+          element.endBinding?.mode === "orbit" ? "red" : "black",
+        );
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (isBindableElement(element) && element.boundElements?.length) {
+      element.boundElements.forEach((boundElement) => {
+        if (boundElement.type !== "arrow") {
+          return;
+        }
+
+        const arrow = elementsMap.get(
+          boundElement.id,
+        ) as ExcalidrawArrowElement;
+
+        if (arrow && arrow.startBinding?.elementId === element.id) {
+          _renderBindableBinding(
+            arrow.startBinding,
+            context,
+            elementsMap,
+            zoom,
+            dim,
+            dim,
+            "green",
+          );
+        }
+        if (arrow && arrow.endBinding?.elementId === element.id) {
+          _renderBindableBinding(
+            arrow.endBinding,
+            context,
+            elementsMap,
+            zoom,
+            dim,
+            dim,
+            "green",
+          );
+        }
+      });
+    }
+  });
+};
+
 const render = (
  frame: DebugElement[],
  context: CanvasRenderingContext2D,
@@ -98,6 +321,9 @@ const render = (
          el.color,
        );
        break;
+      case isDebugPolygon(el.data):
+        renderPolygon(context, appState.zoom.value, el.data, el.color);
+        break;
      default:
        throw new Error(`Unknown element type ${JSON.stringify(el)}`);
    }
@@ -107,8 +333,8 @@ const render = (
 const _debugRenderer = (
  canvas: HTMLCanvasElement,
  appState: AppState,
+  elements: readonly OrderedExcalidrawElement[],
  scale: number,
-  refresh: () => void,
 ) => {
  const [normalizedWidth, normalizedHeight] = getNormalizedCanvasDimensions(
    canvas,
@@ -131,6 +357,7 @@ const _debugRenderer = (
  );

  renderOrigin(context, appState.zoom.value);
+  renderBindings(context, elements, appState.zoom.value);

  if (
    window.visualDebug?.currentFrame &&
@@ -182,12 +409,11 @@ export const debugRenderer = throttleRAF(
  (
    canvas: HTMLCanvasElement,
    appState: AppState,
+    elements: readonly OrderedExcalidrawElement[],
    scale: number,
-    refresh: () => void,
  ) => {
-    _debugRenderer(canvas, appState, scale, refresh);
+    _debugRenderer(canvas, appState, elements, scale);
  },
-  { trailing: true },
 );

 export const loadSavedDebugState = () => {
@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-import { isExcalidrawPlusSignedUser } from "../app_constants";
-
-export const ExcalidrawPlusAppLink = () => {
-  if (!isExcalidrawPlusSignedUser) {
-    return null;
-  }
-  return (
-    <a
-      href={`${
-        import.meta.env.VITE_APP_PLUS_APP
-      }?utm_source=excalidraw&utm_medium=app&utm_content=signedInUserRedirectButton#excalidraw-redirect`}
-      target="_blank"
-      rel="noopener"
-      className="plus-button"
-    >
-      Go to Excalidraw+
-    </a>
-  );
-};
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+export const ExcalidrawPlusPromoBanner = ({
+  isSignedIn,
+}: {
+  isSignedIn: boolean;
+}) => {
+  return (
+    <a
+      href={
+        isSignedIn
+          ? import.meta.env.VITE_APP_PLUS_APP
+          : `${
+              import.meta.env.VITE_APP_PLUS_LP
+            }/plus?utm_source=excalidraw&utm_medium=app&utm_content=guestBanner#excalidraw-redirect`
+      }
+      target="_blank"
+      rel="noopener"
+      className="plus-banner"
+    >
+      Excalidraw+
+    </a>
+  );
+};
@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-import { THEME } from "@excalidraw/common";
-import oc from "open-color";
-import React from "react";
-
-import type { Theme } from "@excalidraw/element/types";
-
-// https://github.com/tholman/github-corners
-export const GitHubCorner = React.memo(
-  ({ theme, dir }: { theme: Theme; dir: string }) => (
-    <svg
-      xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
-      width="40"
-      height="40"
-      viewBox="0 0 250 250"
-      className="rtl-mirror"
-      style={{
-        marginTop: "calc(var(--space-factor) * -1)",
-        [dir === "rtl" ? "marginLeft" : "marginRight"]:
-          "calc(var(--space-factor) * -1)",
-      }}
-    >
-      <a
-        href="https://github.com/excalidraw/excalidraw"
-        target="_blank"
-        rel="noopener noreferrer"
-        aria-label="GitHub repository"
-      >
-        <path
-          d="M0 0l115 115h15l12 27 108 108V0z"
-          fill={theme === THEME.LIGHT ? oc.gray[6] : oc.gray[7]}
-        />
-        <path
-          className="octo-arm"
-          d="M128 109c-15-9-9-19-9-19 3-7 2-11 2-11-1-7 3-2 3-2 4 5 2 11 2 11-3 10 5 15 9 16"
-          style={{ transformOrigin: "130px 106px" }}
-          fill={theme === THEME.LIGHT ? oc.white : "var(--default-bg-color)"}
-        />
-        <path
-          className="octo-body"
-          d="M115 115s4 2 5 0l14-14c3-2 6-3 8-3-8-11-15-24 2-41 5-5 10-7 16-7 1-2 3-7 12-11 0 0 5 3 7 16 4 2 8 5 12 9s7 8 9 12c14 3 17 7 17 7-4 8-9 11-11 11 0 6-2 11-7 16-16 16-30 10-41 2 0 3-1 7-5 11l-12 11c-1 1 1 5 1 5z"
-          fill={theme === THEME.LIGHT ? oc.white : "var(--default-bg-color)"}
-        />
-      </a>
-    </svg>
-  ),
-);
@@ -40,10 +40,12 @@ export class FileManager {

  private _getFiles;
  private _saveFiles;
+  private _onFileStatusChange;

  constructor({
    getFiles,
    saveFiles,
+    onFileStatusChange,
  }: {
    getFiles: (fileIds: FileId[]) => Promise<{
      loadedFiles: BinaryFileData[];
@@ -53,9 +55,13 @@ export class FileManager {
      savedFiles: Map<FileId, BinaryFileData>;
      erroredFiles: Map<FileId, BinaryFileData>;
    }>;
+    onFileStatusChange?: (
+      updates: Array<[FileId, "loading" | "loaded" | "error"]>,
+    ) => void;
  }) {
    this._getFiles = getFiles;
    this._saveFiles = saveFiles;
+    this._onFileStatusChange = onFileStatusChange;
  }

  /**
@@ -146,6 +152,8 @@ export class FileManager {
      this.fetchingFiles.set(id, true);
    }

+    this._onFileStatusChange?.(ids.map((id) => [id, "loading"]));
+
    try {
      const { loadedFiles, erroredFiles } = await this._getFiles(ids);

@@ -156,6 +164,13 @@ export class FileManager {
        this.erroredFiles_fetch.set(fileId, true);
      }

+      this._onFileStatusChange?.([
+        ...loadedFiles.map((f) => [f.id, "loaded"] as [FileId, "loaded"]),
+        ...[...erroredFiles.keys()].map(
+          (id) => [id, "error"] as [FileId, "error"],
+        ),
+      ]);
+
      return { loadedFiles, erroredFiles };
    } finally {
      for (const id of ids) {
@@ -195,6 +210,13 @@ export class FileManager {
  };

  reset() {
+    if (this._onFileStatusChange && this.fetchingFiles.size) {
+      this._onFileStatusChange(
+        [...this.fetchingFiles.keys()].map(
+          (id) => [id, "error"] as [FileId, "error"],
+        ),
+      );
+    }
    this.fetchingFiles.clear();
    this.savingFiles.clear();
    this.savedFiles.clear();
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ import {
  DEFAULT_SIDEBAR,
  debounce,
 } from "@excalidraw/common";
-import { clearElementsForLocalStorage } from "@excalidraw/element";
 import {
  createStore,
  entries,
@@ -27,6 +26,9 @@ import {
  get,
 } from "idb-keyval";

+import { appJotaiStore, atom } from "excalidraw-app/app-jotai";
+import { getNonDeletedElements } from "@excalidraw/element";
+
 import type { LibraryPersistedData } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/data/library";
 import type { ImportedDataState } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/data/types";
 import type { ExcalidrawElement, FileId } from "@excalidraw/element/types";
@@ -40,11 +42,14 @@ import type { MaybePromise } from "@excalidraw/common/utility-types";
 import { SAVE_TO_LOCAL_STORAGE_TIMEOUT, STORAGE_KEYS } from "../app_constants";

 import { FileManager } from "./FileManager";
+import { FileStatusStore } from "./fileStatusStore";
 import { Locker } from "./Locker";
 import { updateBrowserStateVersion } from "./tabSync";

 const filesStore = createStore("files-db", "files-store");

+export const localStorageQuotaExceededAtom = atom(false);
+
 class LocalFileManager extends FileManager {
  clearObsoleteFiles = async (opts: { currentFileIds: FileId[] }) => {
    await entries(filesStore).then((entries) => {
@@ -69,6 +74,9 @@ const saveDataStateToLocalStorage = (
  elements: readonly ExcalidrawElement[],
  appState: AppState,
 ) => {
+  const localStorageQuotaExceeded = appJotaiStore.get(
+    localStorageQuotaExceededAtom,
+  );
  try {
    const _appState = clearAppStateForLocalStorage(appState);

@@ -81,19 +89,29 @@ const saveDataStateToLocalStorage = (

    localStorage.setItem(
      STORAGE_KEYS.LOCAL_STORAGE_ELEMENTS,
-      JSON.stringify(clearElementsForLocalStorage(elements)),
+      JSON.stringify(getNonDeletedElements(elements)),
    );
    localStorage.setItem(
      STORAGE_KEYS.LOCAL_STORAGE_APP_STATE,
      JSON.stringify(_appState),
    );
    updateBrowserStateVersion(STORAGE_KEYS.VERSION_DATA_STATE);
+    if (localStorageQuotaExceeded) {
+      appJotaiStore.set(localStorageQuotaExceededAtom, false);
+    }
  } catch (error: any) {
    // Unable to access window.localStorage
    console.error(error);
+    if (isQuotaExceededError(error) && !localStorageQuotaExceeded) {
+      appJotaiStore.set(localStorageQuotaExceededAtom, true);
+    }
  }
 };

+const isQuotaExceededError = (error: any) => {
+  return error instanceof DOMException && error.name === "QuotaExceededError";
+};
+
 type SavingLockTypes = "collaboration";

 export class LocalData {
@@ -149,6 +167,7 @@ export class LocalData {
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  static fileStorage = new LocalFileManager({
+    onFileStatusChange: FileStatusStore.updateStatuses.bind(FileStatusStore),
    getFiles(ids) {
      return getMany(ids, filesStore).then(
        async (filesData: (BinaryFileData | undefined)[]) => {
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+import { createStore, get, set } from "idb-keyval";
+
+import type { SavedChats } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/components/TTDDialog/types";
+
+import { STORAGE_KEYS } from "../app_constants";
+
+/**
+ * IndexedDB adapter for TTD chat storage.
+ * Implements TTDPersistenceAdapter interface.
+ */
+export class TTDIndexedDBAdapter {
+  /** IndexedDB database name */
+  private static idb_name = STORAGE_KEYS.IDB_TTD_CHATS;
+  /** Store key for chat data */
+  private static key = "ttdChats";
+
+  private static store = createStore(
+    `${TTDIndexedDBAdapter.idb_name}-db`,
+    `${TTDIndexedDBAdapter.idb_name}-store`,
+  );
+
+  /**
+   * Load saved chats from IndexedDB.
+   * @returns Promise resolving to saved chats array (empty if none found)
+   */
+  static async loadChats(): Promise<SavedChats> {
+    try {
+      const data = await get<SavedChats>(
+        TTDIndexedDBAdapter.key,
+        TTDIndexedDBAdapter.store,
+      );
+      return data || [];
+    } catch (error) {
+      console.warn("Failed to load TTD chats from IndexedDB:", error);
+      return [];
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Save chats to IndexedDB.
+   * @param chats - The chats array to persist
+   */
+  static async saveChats(chats: SavedChats): Promise<void> {
+    try {
+      await set(TTDIndexedDBAdapter.key, chats, TTDIndexedDBAdapter.store);
+    } catch (error) {
+      console.warn("Failed to save TTD chats to IndexedDB:", error);
+      throw error;
+    }
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import { VersionedSnapshotStore } from "@excalidraw/common";
+
+import type { FileId } from "@excalidraw/element/types";
+
+export type FileLoadingStatus = "loading" | "loaded" | "error";
+
+export class FileStatusStore {
+  private static store = new VersionedSnapshotStore<
+    Map<FileId, FileLoadingStatus>
+  >(new Map());
+
+  static getSnapshot() {
+    return this.store.getSnapshot();
+  }
+
+  static pull(sinceVersion?: number) {
+    return this.store.pull(sinceVersion);
+  }
+
+  static updateStatuses(updates: Array<[FileId, FileLoadingStatus]>) {
+    if (!updates.length) {
+      return;
+    }
+    this.store.update((prev) => {
+      let changed = false;
+      const next = new Map(prev);
+      for (const [id, status] of updates) {
+        if (next.get(id) !== status) {
+          next.set(id, status);
+          changed = true;
+        }
+      }
+      return changed ? next : prev;
+    });
+  }
+
+  static getPendingCount(statuses: Map<FileId, FileLoadingStatus>) {
+    let pending = 0;
+    let total = 0;
+    for (const status of statuses.values()) {
+      total++;
+      if (status === "loading") {
+        pending++;
+      }
+    }
+    return { pending, total };
+  }
+}
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { reconcileElements } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw";
-import { MIME_TYPES } from "@excalidraw/common";
+import { MIME_TYPES, toBrandedType } from "@excalidraw/common";
 import { decompressData } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/data/encode";
 import {
  encryptData,
@@ -105,8 +105,8 @@ const decryptElements = async (
  data: FirebaseStoredScene,
  roomKey: string,
 ): Promise<readonly ExcalidrawElement[]> => {
-  const ciphertext = data.ciphertext.toUint8Array();
-  const iv = data.iv.toUint8Array();
+  const ciphertext = data.ciphertext.toUint8Array() as Uint8Array<ArrayBuffer>;
+  const iv = data.iv.toUint8Array() as Uint8Array<ArrayBuffer>;

  const decrypted = await decryptData(iv, ciphertext, roomKey);
  const decodedData = new TextDecoder("utf-8").decode(
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ export const saveToFirebase = async (

  FirebaseSceneVersionCache.set(socket, storedElements);

-  return storedElements;
+  return toBrandedType<RemoteExcalidrawElement[]>(storedElements);
 };

 export const loadFromFirebase = async (
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import {
  IV_LENGTH_BYTES,
 } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/data/encryption";
 import { serializeAsJSON } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/data/json";
-import { restore } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/data/restore";
 import { isInvisiblySmallElement } from "@excalidraw/element";
 import { isInitializedImageElement } from "@excalidraw/element";
 import { t } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/i18n";
@@ -84,13 +83,13 @@ export type SocketUpdateDataSource = {
  SCENE_INIT: {
    type: WS_SUBTYPES.INIT;
    payload: {
-      elements: readonly ExcalidrawElement[];
+      elements: readonly OrderedExcalidrawElement[];
    };
  };
  SCENE_UPDATE: {
    type: WS_SUBTYPES.UPDATE;
    payload: {
-      elements: readonly ExcalidrawElement[];
+      elements: readonly OrderedExcalidrawElement[];
    };
  };
  MOUSE_LOCATION: {
@@ -200,7 +199,7 @@ const legacy_decodeFromBackend = async ({
  };
 };

-const importFromBackend = async (
+export const importFromBackend = async (
  id: string,
  decryptionKey: string,
 ): Promise<ImportedDataState> => {
@@ -242,45 +241,6 @@ const importFromBackend = async (
  }
 };

-export const loadScene = async (
-  id: string | null,
-  privateKey: string | null,
-  // Supply local state even if importing from backend to ensure we restore
-  // localStorage user settings which we do not persist on server.
-  // Non-optional so we don't forget to pass it even if `undefined`.
-  localDataState: ImportedDataState | undefined | null,
-) => {
-  let data;
-  if (id != null && privateKey != null) {
-    // the private key is used to decrypt the content from the server, take
-    // extra care not to leak it
-    data = restore(
-      await importFromBackend(id, privateKey),
-      localDataState?.appState,
-      localDataState?.elements,
-      {
-        repairBindings: true,
-        refreshDimensions: false,
-        deleteInvisibleElements: true,
-      },
-    );
-  } else {
-    data = restore(localDataState || null, null, null, {
-      repairBindings: true,
-      deleteInvisibleElements: true,
-    });
-  }
-
-  return {
-    elements: data.elements,
-    appState: data.appState,
-    // note: this will always be empty because we're not storing files
-    // in the scene database/localStorage, and instead fetch them async
-    // from a different database
-    files: data.files,
-  };
-};
-
 type ExportToBackendResult =
  | { url: null; errorMessage: string }
  | { url: string; errorMessage: null };
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ import {
  clearAppStateForLocalStorage,
  getDefaultAppState,
 } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/appState";
-import { clearElementsForLocalStorage } from "@excalidraw/element";

 import type { ExcalidrawElement } from "@excalidraw/element/types";
 import type { AppState } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/types";
@@ -50,7 +49,7 @@ export const importFromLocalStorage = () => {
  let elements: ExcalidrawElement[] = [];
  if (savedElements) {
    try {
-      elements = clearElementsForLocalStorage(JSON.parse(savedElements));
+      elements = JSON.parse(savedElements);
    } catch (error: any) {
      console.error(error);
      // Do nothing because elements array is already empty
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+@import "../packages/excalidraw/css/variables.module.scss";
+
 .excalidraw {
  --color-primary-contrast-offset: #625ee0; // to offset Chubb illusion

@@ -5,12 +7,6 @@
    --color-primary-contrast-offset: #726dff; // to offset Chubb illusion
  }

-  .top-right-ui {
-    display: flex;
-    justify-content: center;
-    align-items: flex-start;
-  }
-
  .footer-center {
    justify-content: flex-end;
    margin-top: auto;
@@ -58,7 +54,7 @@
    }
  }

-  .collab-offline-warning {
+  .alert {
    pointer-events: none;
    position: absolute;
    top: 6.5rem;
@@ -69,10 +65,18 @@
    text-align: center;
    line-height: 1.5;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-md);
-    background-color: var(--color-warning);
-    color: var(--color-text-warning);
    z-index: 6;
    white-space: pre;
+
+    &--warning {
+      background-color: var(--color-warning);
+      color: var(--color-text-warning);
+    }
+
+    &--danger {
+      background-color: var(--color-danger-dark);
+      color: var(--color-danger-text);
+    }
  }
 }

@@ -82,22 +86,31 @@
  }
 }

-.plus-button {
+.plus-banner {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  cursor: pointer;
  align-items: center;
  border: 1px solid var(--color-primary);
-  padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
+  padding: 0.5rem 0.875rem;
  border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);
  background-color: var(--island-bg-color);
-  color: var(--color-primary) !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;

-  font-size: 0.75rem;
+  font-family: var(--ui-font);
+  font-size: 0.8333rem;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  height: var(--lg-button-size);

+  border: none;
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px var(--color-surface-lowest);
+  background-color: var(--color-surface-low);
+  color: var(--button-color, var(--color-on-surface)) !important;
+
+  &:active {
+    box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px var(--color-brand-active);
+  }
+
  &:hover {
    background-color: var(--color-primary);
    color: white !important;
@@ -109,7 +122,7 @@
 }

 .theme--dark {
-  .plus-button {
+  .plus-banner {
    &:hover {
      color: black !important;
    }
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
    ]
  },
  "engines": {
-    "node": "18.0.0 - 22.x.x"
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "@excalidraw/random-username": "1.0.0",
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
    "react": "19.0.0",
    "react-dom": "19.0.0",
    "socket.io-client": "4.7.2",
+    "uqr": "0.1.2",
    "vite-plugin-html": "3.2.2"
  },
  "prettier": "@excalidraw/prettier-config",
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { getFeatureFlag } from "@excalidraw/common";
 import * as Sentry from "@sentry/browser";
 import callsites from "callsites";

@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ Sentry.init({
    Sentry.captureConsoleIntegration({
      levels: ["error"],
    }),
+    Sentry.featureFlagsIntegration(),
  ],
  beforeSend(event) {
    if (event.request?.url) {
@@ -79,3 +81,14 @@ Sentry.init({
    return event;
  },
 });
+
+const flagsIntegration =
+  Sentry.getClient()?.getIntegrationByName<Sentry.FeatureFlagsIntegration>(
+    "FeatureFlags",
+  );
+if (flagsIntegration) {
+  flagsIntegration.addFeatureFlag(
+    "COMPLEX_BINDINGS",
+    getFeatureFlag("COMPLEX_BINDINGS"),
+  );
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+import { useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import Spinner from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/components/Spinner";
+
+interface QRCodeProps {
+  value: string;
+}
+
+export const QRCode = ({ value }: QRCodeProps) => {
+  const [svgData, setSvgData] = useState<string | null>(null);
+  const [error, setError] = useState<boolean>(false);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    let mounted = true;
+
+    import("./qrcode.chunk")
+      .then(({ generateQRCodeSVG }) => {
+        if (mounted) {
+          try {
+            setSvgData(generateQRCodeSVG(value));
+          } catch {
+            setError(true);
+          }
+        }
+      })
+      .catch(() => {
+        if (mounted) {
+          setError(true);
+        }
+      });
+
+    return () => {
+      mounted = false;
+    };
+  }, [value]);
+
+  if (error) {
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  if (!svgData) {
+    return (
+      <div className="ShareDialog__active__qrcode ShareDialog__active__qrcode--loading">
+        <Spinner />
+      </div>
+    );
+  }
+
+  return (
+    <div
+      className="ShareDialog__active__qrcode"
+      role="img"
+      aria-label="QR code for collaboration link"
+      dangerouslySetInnerHTML={{ __html: svgData }}
+    />
+  );
+};
@@ -140,6 +140,31 @@
        gap: 0.75rem;
      }

+      &__qrcode {
+        display: flex;
+        justify-content: center;
+        align-items: center;
+        align-self: center;
+        padding: 1rem;
+        background: #fff;
+        border-radius: 0.5rem;
+        border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
+
+        $size: 150px;
+        width: $size;
+        height: $size;
+
+        & svg {
+          width: $size;
+          height: $size;
+        }
+
+        &--loading {
+          background: var(--island-bg-color);
+          border: 1px solid var(--dialog-border-color);
+        }
+      }
+
      &__description {
        border-top: 1px solid var(--color-gray-20);

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import { atom, useAtom, useAtomValue } from "../app-jotai";
 import { activeRoomLinkAtom } from "../collab/Collab";

 import "./ShareDialog.scss";
+import { QRCode } from "./QRCode";

 import type { CollabAPI } from "../collab/Collab";

@@ -142,6 +143,7 @@ const ActiveRoomDialog = ({
          }}
        />
      </div>
+      <QRCode value={activeRoomLink} />
      <div className="ShareDialog__active__description">
        <p>
          <span
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+import { renderSVG } from "uqr";
+
+export const generateQRCodeSVG = (text: string): string => {
+  return renderSVG(text);
+};
@@ -17,30 +17,15 @@ describe("Test MobileMenu", () => {

  beforeEach(async () => {
    await render(<ExcalidrawApp />);
-    // @ts-ignore
-    h.app.refreshViewportBreakpoints();
-    // @ts-ignore
-    h.app.refreshEditorBreakpoints();
+    h.app.refreshEditorInterface();
  });

  afterAll(() => {
    restoreOriginalGetBoundingClientRect();
  });

-  it("should set device correctly", () => {
-    expect(h.app.device).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
-      {
-        "editor": {
-          "canFitSidebar": false,
-          "isMobile": true,
-        },
-        "isTouchScreen": false,
-        "viewport": {
-          "isLandscape": false,
-          "isMobile": true,
-        },
-      }
-    `);
+  it("should set editor interface correctly", () => {
+    expect(h.app.editorInterface.formFactor).toBe("phone");
  });

  it("should initialize with welcome screen and hide once user interacts", async () => {
@@ -50,7 +50,11 @@ exports[`Test MobileMenu > should initialize with welcome screen and hide once u
  <div
    class="welcome-screen-center__heading welcome-screen-decor excalifont"
  >
-    All your data is saved locally in your browser.
+    Your drawings are saved in your browser's storage.
+    <br />
+    Browser storage can be cleared unexpectedly.
+    <br />
+    Save your work to a file regularly to avoid losing it.
  </div>
  <div
    class="welcome-screen-menu"
@@ -102,6 +102,14 @@ export default defineConfig(({ mode }) => {
              // Taking the substring after "locales/"
              return `locales/${id.substring(index + 8)}`;
            }
+
+            if (id.includes("@excalidraw/mermaid-to-excalidraw")) {
+              return "mermaid-to-excalidraw";
+            }
+
+            if (id.includes("@codemirror/") || id.includes("@lezer/")) {
+              return "codemirror.chunk";
+            }
          },
        },
      },
@@ -146,6 +154,11 @@ export default defineConfig(({ mode }) => {
            "**/locales/**",
            "service-worker.js",
            "**/*.chunk-*.js",
+            // CodeMirrorEditor can't be assigned a `.chunk` name via
+            // manualChunks because Rollup would hoist shared deps (React)
+            // via a static import from the main bundle, defeating lazy
+            // loading. So we exclude it by name instead.
+            "**/CodeMirrorEditor-*.js",
          ],
          runtimeCaching: [
            {
@@ -185,7 +198,7 @@ export default defineConfig(({ mode }) => {
              },
            },
            {
-              urlPattern: new RegExp(".chunk-.+.js"),
+              urlPattern: new RegExp("(.chunk-.+|CodeMirrorEditor-.+)\\.js"),
              handler: "CacheFirst",
              options: {
                cacheName: "chunk",
@@ -196,6 +209,7 @@ export default defineConfig(({ mode }) => {
              },
            },
          ],
+          maximumFileSizeToCacheInBytes: 2.3 * 1024 ** 2, // 2.3MB
        },
        manifest: {
          short_name: "Excalidraw",
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
    "prettier": "2.6.2",
    "rewire": "6.0.0",
    "rimraf": "^5.0.0",
-    "typescript": "4.9.4",
+    "typescript": "5.9.3",
    "vite": "5.0.12",
    "vite-plugin-checker": "0.7.2",
    "vite-plugin-ejs": "1.7.0",
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
    "vitest-canvas-mock": "0.3.3"
  },
  "engines": {
-    "node": "18.0.0 - 22.x.x"
+    "node": ">=18.0.0"
  },
  "homepage": ".",
  "prettier": "@excalidraw/prettier-config",
@@ -1,17 +1,9 @@
-declare global {
-  interface Window {
-    debug: typeof Debug;
-  }
-}
-
 const lessPrecise = (num: number, precision = 5) =>
  parseFloat(num.toPrecision(precision));

 const getAvgFrameTime = (times: number[]) =>
  lessPrecise(times.reduce((a, b) => a + b) / times.length);

-const getFps = (frametime: number) => lessPrecise(1000 / frametime);
-
 export class Debug {
  public static DEBUG_LOG_TIMES = true;

@@ -24,34 +16,35 @@ export class Debug {
  private static LAST_DEBUG_LOG_CALL = 0;
  private static DEBUG_LOG_INTERVAL_ID: null | number = null;

+  private static LAST_FRAME_TIMESTAMP = 0;
+  private static FRAME_COUNT = 0;
+  private static ANIMATION_FRAME_ID: null | number = null;
+
+  private static scheduleAnimationFrame = () => {
+    if (Debug.DEBUG_LOG_INTERVAL_ID !== null) {
+      Debug.ANIMATION_FRAME_ID = requestAnimationFrame((timestamp) => {
+        if (Debug.LAST_FRAME_TIMESTAMP !== timestamp) {
+          Debug.LAST_FRAME_TIMESTAMP = timestamp;
+          Debug.FRAME_COUNT++;
+        }
+
+        if (Debug.DEBUG_LOG_INTERVAL_ID !== null) {
+          Debug.scheduleAnimationFrame();
+        }
+      });
+    }
+  };
+
  private static setupInterval = () => {
    if (Debug.DEBUG_LOG_INTERVAL_ID === null) {
      console.info("%c(starting perf recording)", "color: lime");
      Debug.DEBUG_LOG_INTERVAL_ID = window.setInterval(Debug.debugLogger, 1000);
+      Debug.scheduleAnimationFrame();
    }
    Debug.LAST_DEBUG_LOG_CALL = Date.now();
  };

  private static debugLogger = () => {
-    if (
-      Date.now() - Debug.LAST_DEBUG_LOG_CALL > 600 &&
-      Debug.DEBUG_LOG_INTERVAL_ID !== null
-    ) {
-      window.clearInterval(Debug.DEBUG_LOG_INTERVAL_ID);
-      Debug.DEBUG_LOG_INTERVAL_ID = null;
-      for (const [name, { avg }] of Object.entries(Debug.TIMES_AVG)) {
-        if (avg != null) {
-          console.info(
-            `%c${name} run avg: ${avg}ms (${getFps(avg)} fps)`,
-            "color: blue",
-          );
-        }
-      }
-      console.info("%c(stopping perf recording)", "color: red");
-      Debug.TIMES_AGGR = {};
-      Debug.TIMES_AVG = {};
-      return;
-    }
    if (Debug.DEBUG_LOG_TIMES) {
      for (const [name, { t, times }] of Object.entries(Debug.TIMES_AGGR)) {
        if (times.length) {
@@ -65,8 +58,18 @@ export class Debug {
      }
      for (const [name, { t, times, avg }] of Object.entries(Debug.TIMES_AVG)) {
        if (times.length) {
-          const avgFrameTime = getAvgFrameTime(times);
-          console.info(name, `${avgFrameTime}ms (${getFps(avgFrameTime)} fps)`);
+          // const avgFrameTime = getAvgFrameTime(times);
+          const totalTime = times.reduce((a, b) => a + b);
+          const avgFrameTime = lessPrecise(totalTime / Debug.FRAME_COUNT);
+          console.info(
+            name,
+            `- ${times.length} calls - ${avgFrameTime}ms/frame across ${
+              Debug.FRAME_COUNT
+            } frames (${lessPrecise(
+              (avgFrameTime / 16.67) * 100,
+              1,
+            )}% of frame budget)`,
+          );
          Debug.TIMES_AVG[name] = {
            t,
            times: [],
@@ -76,6 +79,24 @@ export class Debug {
        }
      }
    }
+    Debug.FRAME_COUNT = 0;
+
+    // Check for stop condition after logging
+    if (
+      Date.now() - Debug.LAST_DEBUG_LOG_CALL > 600 &&
+      Debug.DEBUG_LOG_INTERVAL_ID !== null
+    ) {
+      console.info("%c(stopping perf recording)", "color: red");
+      window.clearInterval(Debug.DEBUG_LOG_INTERVAL_ID);
+      window.cancelAnimationFrame(Debug.ANIMATION_FRAME_ID!);
+      Debug.ANIMATION_FRAME_ID = null;
+      Debug.FRAME_COUNT = 0;
+      Debug.LAST_FRAME_TIMESTAMP = 0;
+
+      Debug.DEBUG_LOG_INTERVAL_ID = null;
+      Debug.TIMES_AGGR = {};
+      Debug.TIMES_AVG = {};
+    }
  };

  public static logTime = (time?: number, name = "default") => {
@@ -109,7 +130,7 @@ export class Debug {
      return (...args: T) => {
        const t0 = performance.now();
        const ret = fn(...args);
-        Debug.logTime(performance.now() - t0, name);
+        Debug[type](performance.now() - t0, name);
        return ret;
      };
    };
@@ -130,6 +151,70 @@ export class Debug {
      return ret;
    };
  };
+
+  private static CHANGED_CACHE: Record<string, Record<string, unknown>> = {};
+
+  public static logChanged(name: string, obj: Record<string, unknown>) {
+    const prev = Debug.CHANGED_CACHE[name];
+
+    Debug.CHANGED_CACHE[name] = obj;
+
+    if (!prev) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const allKeys = new Set([...Object.keys(prev), ...Object.keys(obj)]);
+    const changed: Record<string, { prev: unknown; next: unknown }> = {};
+
+    for (const key of allKeys) {
+      const prevVal = prev[key];
+      const nextVal = obj[key];
+      if (!deepEqual(prevVal, nextVal)) {
+        changed[key] = { prev: prevVal, next: nextVal };
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (Object.keys(changed).length > 0) {
+      console.info(`[${name}] changed:`, changed);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+function deepEqual(a: unknown, b: unknown): boolean {
+  if (Object.is(a, b)) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  if (
+    a === null ||
+    b === null ||
+    typeof a !== "object" ||
+    typeof b !== "object"
+  ) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (Array.isArray(a) !== Array.isArray(b)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  const keysA = Object.keys(a as Record<string, unknown>);
+  const keysB = Object.keys(b as Record<string, unknown>);
+
+  if (keysA.length !== keysB.length) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  for (const key of keysA) {
+    if (
+      !deepEqual(
+        (a as Record<string, unknown>)[key],
+        (b as Record<string, unknown>)[key],
+      )
+    ) {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return true;
 }
-//@ts-ignore
-window.debug = Debug;
@@ -55,5 +55,11 @@
  "scripts": {
    "gen:types": "rimraf types && tsc",
    "build:esm": "rimraf dist && node ../../scripts/buildBase.js && yarn gen:types"
+  },
+  "dependencies": {
+    "tinycolor2": "1.6.0"
+  },
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "@types/tinycolor2": "1.4.6"
  }
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+// Vitest Snapshot v1, https://vitest.dev/guide/snapshot.html
+
+exports[`COLOR_PALETTE > color palette doesn't regress 1`] = `
+{
+  "black": "#1e1e1e",
+  "blue": [
+    "#e7f5ff",
+    "#a5d8ff",
+    "#4dabf7",
+    "#228be6",
+    "#1971c2",
+  ],
+  "bronze": [
+    "#f8f1ee",
+    "#eaddd7",
+    "#d2bab0",
+    "#a18072",
+    "#846358",
+  ],
+  "cyan": [
+    "#e3fafc",
+    "#99e9f2",
+    "#3bc9db",
+    "#15aabf",
+    "#0c8599",
+  ],
+  "grape": [
+    "#f8f0fc",
+    "#eebefa",
+    "#da77f2",
+    "#be4bdb",
+    "#9c36b5",
+  ],
+  "gray": [
+    "#f8f9fa",
+    "#e9ecef",
+    "#ced4da",
+    "#868e96",
+    "#343a40",
+  ],
+  "green": [
+    "#ebfbee",
+    "#b2f2bb",
+    "#69db7c",
+    "#40c057",
+    "#2f9e44",
+  ],
+  "orange": [
+    "#fff4e6",
+    "#ffd8a8",
+    "#ffa94d",
+    "#fd7e14",
+    "#e8590c",
+  ],
+  "pink": [
+    "#fff0f6",
+    "#fcc2d7",
+    "#f783ac",
+    "#e64980",
+    "#c2255c",
+  ],
+  "red": [
+    "#fff5f5",
+    "#ffc9c9",
+    "#ff8787",
+    "#fa5252",
+    "#e03131",
+  ],
+  "teal": [
+    "#e6fcf5",
+    "#96f2d7",
+    "#38d9a9",
+    "#12b886",
+    "#099268",
+  ],
+  "transparent": "transparent",
+  "violet": [
+    "#f3f0ff",
+    "#d0bfff",
+    "#9775fa",
+    "#7950f2",
+    "#6741d9",
+  ],
+  "white": "#ffffff",
+  "yellow": [
+    "#fff9db",
+    "#ffec99",
+    "#ffd43b",
+    "#fab005",
+    "#f08c00",
+  ],
+}
+`;
+
+exports[`applyDarkModeFilter > COLOR_PALETTE regression tests > matches snapshot for all palette colors 1`] = `
+{
+  "black": "#d3d3d3",
+  "blue": [
+    "#121e26",
+    "#154162",
+    "#2273b4",
+    "#3791e0",
+    "#56a2e8",
+  ],
+  "bronze": [
+    "#221c1a",
+    "#362b26",
+    "#5a463d",
+    "#917569",
+    "#a98d84",
+  ],
+  "cyan": [
+    "#0a1e20",
+    "#004149",
+    "#007281",
+    "#0f8fa1",
+    "#3da5b6",
+  ],
+  "grape": [
+    "#211a25",
+    "#5b3165",
+    "#a954be",
+    "#d471ed",
+    "#e28af8",
+  ],
+  "gray": [
+    "#161718",
+    "#202325",
+    "#33383d",
+    "#6e757c",
+    "#b7bcc1",
+  ],
+  "green": [
+    "#0f1d12",
+    "#043b0c",
+    "#056715",
+    "#16842a",
+    "#39994b",
+  ],
+  "orange": [
+    "#22190d",
+    "#4c2b01",
+    "#924800",
+    "#cd6005",
+    "#f17634",
+  ],
+  "pink": [
+    "#26191e",
+    "#602e40",
+    "#b04d70",
+    "#f56e9d",
+    "#ff8dbc",
+  ],
+  "red": [
+    "#1f1717",
+    "#5a2c2c",
+    "#b44d4d",
+    "#fa6969",
+    "#ff8383",
+  ],
+  "teal": [
+    "#0a1d17",
+    "#00422b",
+    "#00744b",
+    "#039267",
+    "#32a783",
+  ],
+  "transparent": "#ededed00",
+  "violet": [
+    "#1f1c29",
+    "#4a3b72",
+    "#8a6cdf",
+    "#a885ff",
+    "#b595ff",
+  ],
+  "white": "#121212",
+  "yellow": [
+    "#1e1900",
+    "#362600",
+    "#5f3a00",
+    "#905000",
+    "#b86200",
+  ],
+}
+`;
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+import { AppEventBus } from "./appEventBus";
+
+type TestEvents = {
+  initialize: [api: number];
+  pointerUp: [pointerId: string];
+  viewState: [zoom: number];
+};
+
+const behavior = {
+  initialize: { cardinality: "once", replay: "last" },
+  pointerUp: { cardinality: "many", replay: "none" },
+  viewState: { cardinality: "many", replay: "last" },
+} as const;
+
+const flushMicrotasks = async () => Promise.resolve();
+
+describe("AppEventBus", () => {
+  it("replays once events to late callback and Promise subscribers", async () => {
+    const bus = new AppEventBus<TestEvents, typeof behavior>(behavior);
+    bus.emit("initialize", 42);
+
+    const calls: number[] = [];
+    bus.on("initialize", (value) => {
+      calls.push(value);
+    });
+
+    expect(calls).toEqual([]);
+    await flushMicrotasks();
+    expect(calls).toEqual([42]);
+
+    await expect(bus.on("initialize")).resolves.toBe(42);
+  });
+
+  it("does not replay stream events to late subscribers", async () => {
+    const bus = new AppEventBus<TestEvents, typeof behavior>(behavior);
+    bus.emit("pointerUp", "first");
+
+    const calls: string[] = [];
+    bus.on("pointerUp", (pointerId) => {
+      calls.push(pointerId);
+    });
+
+    await flushMicrotasks();
+    expect(calls).toEqual([]);
+
+    bus.emit("pointerUp", "second");
+    expect(calls).toEqual(["second"]);
+  });
+
+  it("replays replay-last stream events and stays subscribed", async () => {
+    const bus = new AppEventBus<TestEvents, typeof behavior>(behavior);
+    bus.emit("viewState", 1);
+
+    const calls: number[] = [];
+    bus.on("viewState", (zoom) => {
+      calls.push(zoom);
+    });
+
+    await flushMicrotasks();
+    expect(calls).toEqual([1]);
+
+    bus.emit("viewState", 2);
+    expect(calls).toEqual([1, 2]);
+  });
+
+  it("throws when emitting a once event twice", () => {
+    const bus = new AppEventBus<TestEvents, typeof behavior>(behavior);
+    bus.emit("initialize", 1);
+
+    expect(() => {
+      bus.emit("initialize", 2);
+    }).toThrow('Event "initialize" can only be emitted once');
+  });
+});
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+import type { UnsubscribeCallback } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/types";
+
+import { Emitter } from "./emitter";
+import { isProdEnv } from "./utils";
+
+export type AppEventPayloadMap = Record<string, unknown[]>;
+
+export type AppEventBehavior = {
+  cardinality: "once" | "many";
+  replay: "none" | "last";
+};
+
+export type AppEventBehaviorMap<Events extends AppEventPayloadMap> = {
+  [K in keyof Events]: AppEventBehavior;
+};
+
+type AwaitableAppEventKeys<
+  Events extends AppEventPayloadMap,
+  Behavior extends AppEventBehaviorMap<Events>,
+> = {
+  [K in keyof Events]: Behavior[K]["cardinality"] extends "once"
+    ? Behavior[K]["replay"] extends "last"
+      ? K
+      : never
+    : never;
+}[keyof Events];
+
+type AppEventPromiseValue<Args extends any[]> = Args extends [infer Only]
+  ? Only
+  : Args;
+
+export class AppEventBus<
+  Events extends AppEventPayloadMap,
+  Behavior extends AppEventBehaviorMap<Events>,
+> {
+  private readonly emitters = new Map<keyof Events, Emitter<any>>();
+  private readonly lastPayload = new Map<keyof Events, any[]>();
+  private readonly emittedOnce = new Set<keyof Events>();
+
+  constructor(private readonly behavior: Behavior) {}
+
+  private getEmitter<K extends keyof Events>(name: K): Emitter<Events[K]> {
+    let emitter = this.emitters.get(name);
+    if (!emitter) {
+      emitter = new Emitter<any>();
+      this.emitters.set(name, emitter);
+    }
+    return emitter as Emitter<Events[K]>;
+  }
+
+  private toPromiseValue<Args extends any[]>(
+    args: Args,
+  ): AppEventPromiseValue<Args> {
+    return (args.length === 1 ? args[0] : args) as AppEventPromiseValue<Args>;
+  }
+
+  public on<K extends keyof Events>(
+    name: K,
+    callback: (...args: Events[K]) => void,
+  ): UnsubscribeCallback;
+  public on<K extends AwaitableAppEventKeys<Events, Behavior>>(
+    name: K,
+  ): Promise<AppEventPromiseValue<Events[K]>>;
+  public on<K extends keyof Events>(
+    name: K,
+    callback?: (...args: Events[K]) => void,
+  ): UnsubscribeCallback | Promise<AppEventPromiseValue<Events[K]>> {
+    const eventBehavior = this.behavior[name];
+    const cachedPayload = this.lastPayload.get(name) as Events[K] | undefined;
+
+    if (callback) {
+      if (eventBehavior.replay === "last" && cachedPayload) {
+        queueMicrotask(() => callback(...cachedPayload));
+
+        if (eventBehavior.cardinality === "once") {
+          return () => {};
+        }
+      }
+
+      return this.getEmitter(name).on(callback);
+    }
+
+    if (
+      eventBehavior.cardinality !== "once" ||
+      eventBehavior.replay !== "last"
+    ) {
+      throw new Error(`Event "${String(name)}" requires a callback`);
+    }
+
+    if (cachedPayload) {
+      return Promise.resolve(this.toPromiseValue(cachedPayload));
+    }
+
+    return new Promise<AppEventPromiseValue<Events[K]>>((resolve) => {
+      this.getEmitter(name).once((...args: Events[K]) => {
+        resolve(this.toPromiseValue(args));
+      });
+    });
+  }
+
+  public emit<K extends keyof Events>(name: K, ...args: Events[K]) {
+    const eventBehavior = this.behavior[name];
+
+    if (!isProdEnv()) {
+      if (eventBehavior.cardinality === "once") {
+        if (this.emittedOnce.has(name)) {
+          throw new Error(`Event "${String(name)}" can only be emitted once`);
+        }
+        this.emittedOnce.add(name);
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (eventBehavior.replay === "last") {
+      this.lastPayload.set(name, args);
+    }
+
+    try {
+      this.getEmitter(name).trigger(...args);
+    } finally {
+      if (eventBehavior.cardinality === "once") {
+        this.getEmitter(name).clear();
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public clear() {
+    this.lastPayload.clear();
+    this.emittedOnce.clear();
+
+    for (const emitter of this.emitters.values()) {
+      emitter.clear();
+    }
+
+    this.emitters.clear();
+  }
+}
@@ -5,17 +5,18 @@ export class BinaryHeap<T> {

  sinkDown(idx: number) {
    const node = this.content[idx];
+    const nodeScore = this.scoreFunction(node);
    while (idx > 0) {
      const parentN = ((idx + 1) >> 1) - 1;
      const parent = this.content[parentN];
-      if (this.scoreFunction(node) < this.scoreFunction(parent)) {
-        this.content[parentN] = node;
+      if (nodeScore < this.scoreFunction(parent)) {
        this.content[idx] = parent;
        idx = parentN; // TODO: Optimize
      } else {
        break;
      }
    }
+    this.content[idx] = node;
  }

  bubbleUp(idx: number) {
@@ -24,35 +25,39 @@ export class BinaryHeap<T> {
    const score = this.scoreFunction(node);

    while (true) {
-      const child2N = (idx + 1) << 1;
-      const child1N = child2N - 1;
-      let swap = null;
-      let child1Score = 0;
+      const child1N = ((idx + 1) << 1) - 1;
+      const child2N = child1N + 1;
+      let smallestIdx = idx;
+      let smallestScore = score;

+      // Check left child
      if (child1N < length) {
-        const child1 = this.content[child1N];
-        child1Score = this.scoreFunction(child1);
-        if (child1Score < score) {
-          swap = child1N;
+        const child1Score = this.scoreFunction(this.content[child1N]);
+        if (child1Score < smallestScore) {
+          smallestIdx = child1N;
+          smallestScore = child1Score;
        }
      }

+      // Check right child
      if (child2N < length) {
-        const child2 = this.content[child2N];
-        const child2Score = this.scoreFunction(child2);
-        if (child2Score < (swap === null ? score : child1Score)) {
-          swap = child2N;
+        const child2Score = this.scoreFunction(this.content[child2N]);
+        if (child2Score < smallestScore) {
+          smallestIdx = child2N;
        }
      }

-      if (swap !== null) {
-        this.content[idx] = this.content[swap];
-        this.content[swap] = node;
-        idx = swap; // TODO: Optimize
-      } else {
+      if (smallestIdx === idx) {
        break;
      }
+
+      // Move the smaller child up, continue finding position for node
+      this.content[idx] = this.content[smallestIdx];
+      idx = smallestIdx;
    }
+
+    // Place node in its final position
+    this.content[idx] = node;
  }

  push(node: T) {
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+/**
+ * x and y position of top left corner, x and y position of bottom right corner
+ */
+export type Bounds = readonly [
+  minX: number,
+  minY: number,
+  maxX: number,
+  maxY: number,
+];
+
+export const isBounds = (box: unknown): box is Bounds =>
+  Array.isArray(box) &&
+  box.length === 4 &&
+  typeof box[0] === "number" &&
+  typeof box[1] === "number" &&
+  typeof box[2] === "number" &&
+  typeof box[3] === "number";
@@ -0,0 +1,286 @@
+import {
+  applyDarkModeFilter,
+  COLOR_PALETTE,
+  rgbToHex,
+} from "@excalidraw/common";
+
+describe("COLOR_PALETTE", () => {
+  it("color palette doesn't regress", () => {
+    expect(COLOR_PALETTE).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
+});
+
+describe("applyDarkModeFilter", () => {
+  describe("basic transformations", () => {
+    it("transforms black to near-white", () => {
+      const result = applyDarkModeFilter("#000000");
+      // Black inverted 93% + hue rotate should be near white/light gray
+      expect(result).toBe("#ededed");
+    });
+
+    it("transforms white to near-black", () => {
+      const result = applyDarkModeFilter("#ffffff");
+      // White inverted 93% should be near black/dark gray
+      expect(result).toBe("#121212");
+    });
+
+    it("transforms pure red", () => {
+      const result = applyDarkModeFilter("#ff0000");
+      // Invert 93% + hue rotate 180deg produces a cyan-ish tint
+      expect(result).toBe("#ff9090");
+    });
+
+    it("transforms pure green", () => {
+      const result = applyDarkModeFilter("#00ff00");
+      // Invert 93% + hue rotate 180deg
+      expect(result).toBe("#008f00");
+    });
+
+    it("transforms pure blue", () => {
+      const result = applyDarkModeFilter("#0000ff");
+      // Invert 93% + hue rotate 180deg produces a light purple
+      expect(result).toBe("#cdcdff");
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("color formats", () => {
+    it("handles hex with hash", () => {
+      const result = applyDarkModeFilter("#ff0000");
+      // Fully opaque colors return 6-char hex
+      expect(result).toMatch(/^#[0-9a-f]{6}$/);
+    });
+
+    it("handles named colors", () => {
+      const result = applyDarkModeFilter("red");
+      // "red" = #ff0000, fully opaque
+      expect(result).toBe("#ff9090");
+    });
+
+    it("handles rgb format", () => {
+      const result = applyDarkModeFilter("rgb(255, 0, 0)");
+      expect(result).toBe("#ff9090");
+    });
+
+    it("handles rgba format and preserves alpha", () => {
+      const result = applyDarkModeFilter("rgba(255, 0, 0, 0.5)");
+      expect(result).toMatch(/^#[0-9a-f]{8}$/);
+      // Alpha 0.5 = 128 in hex = 80
+      expect(result).toBe("#ff909080");
+    });
+
+    it("handles transparent", () => {
+      const result = applyDarkModeFilter("transparent");
+      // transparent = rgba(0,0,0,0), inverted should still have 0 alpha
+      expect(result).toBe("#ededed00");
+    });
+
+    it("handles shorthand hex", () => {
+      const result = applyDarkModeFilter("#f00");
+      expect(result).toBe("#ff9090");
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("alpha preservation", () => {
+    it("omits alpha for full opacity", () => {
+      const result = applyDarkModeFilter("#ff0000ff");
+      // Full opacity returns 6-char hex (no alpha suffix)
+      expect(result).toBe("#ff9090");
+    });
+
+    it("preserves 50% opacity", () => {
+      const result = applyDarkModeFilter("#ff000080");
+      expect(result.slice(-2)).toBe("80");
+    });
+
+    it("preserves 0% opacity", () => {
+      const result = applyDarkModeFilter("#ff000000");
+      expect(result.slice(-2)).toBe("00");
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("COLOR_PALETTE regression tests", () => {
+    it("transforms black from palette", () => {
+      // COLOR_PALETTE.black is #1e1e1e (not pure black)
+      const result = applyDarkModeFilter(COLOR_PALETTE.black);
+      expect(result).toBe("#d3d3d3");
+    });
+
+    it("transforms white from palette", () => {
+      const result = applyDarkModeFilter(COLOR_PALETTE.white);
+      expect(result).toBe("#121212");
+    });
+
+    it("transforms transparent from palette", () => {
+      const result = applyDarkModeFilter(COLOR_PALETTE.transparent);
+      expect(result).toBe("#ededed00");
+    });
+
+    // Test each color family from the palette (all opaque, so 6-char hex)
+    describe("red shades", () => {
+      const redShades = COLOR_PALETTE.red;
+      it.each(redShades.map((color, i) => [color, i]))(
+        "transforms red shade %s (index %d)",
+        (color) => {
+          const result = applyDarkModeFilter(color as string);
+          expect(result).toMatch(/^#[0-9a-f]{6}$/);
+        },
+      );
+    });
+
+    describe("blue shades", () => {
+      const blueShades = COLOR_PALETTE.blue;
+      it.each(blueShades.map((color, i) => [color, i]))(
+        "transforms blue shade %s (index %d)",
+        (color) => {
+          const result = applyDarkModeFilter(color as string);
+          expect(result).toMatch(/^#[0-9a-f]{6}$/);
+        },
+      );
+    });
+
+    describe("green shades", () => {
+      const greenShades = COLOR_PALETTE.green;
+      it.each(greenShades.map((color, i) => [color, i]))(
+        "transforms green shade %s (index %d)",
+        (color) => {
+          const result = applyDarkModeFilter(color as string);
+          expect(result).toMatch(/^#[0-9a-f]{6}$/);
+        },
+      );
+    });
+
+    describe("gray shades", () => {
+      const grayShades = COLOR_PALETTE.gray;
+      it.each(grayShades.map((color, i) => [color, i]))(
+        "transforms gray shade %s (index %d)",
+        (color) => {
+          const result = applyDarkModeFilter(color as string);
+          expect(result).toMatch(/^#[0-9a-f]{6}$/);
+        },
+      );
+    });
+
+    describe("bronze shades", () => {
+      const bronzeShades = COLOR_PALETTE.bronze;
+      it.each(bronzeShades.map((color, i) => [color, i]))(
+        "transforms bronze shade %s (index %d)",
+        (color) => {
+          const result = applyDarkModeFilter(color as string);
+          expect(result).toMatch(/^#[0-9a-f]{6}$/);
+        },
+      );
+    });
+
+    // Snapshot test for full palette to catch any regressions
+    it("matches snapshot for all palette colors", () => {
+      const transformedPalette: Record<string, string | string[]> = {};
+
+      transformedPalette.black = applyDarkModeFilter(COLOR_PALETTE.black);
+      transformedPalette.white = applyDarkModeFilter(COLOR_PALETTE.white);
+      transformedPalette.transparent = applyDarkModeFilter(
+        COLOR_PALETTE.transparent,
+      );
+
+      // Transform color arrays
+      for (const colorName of [
+        "gray",
+        "red",
+        "pink",
+        "grape",
+        "violet",
+        "blue",
+        "cyan",
+        "teal",
+        "green",
+        "yellow",
+        "orange",
+        "bronze",
+      ] as const) {
+        const shades = COLOR_PALETTE[colorName];
+        transformedPalette[colorName] = shades.map((shade) =>
+          applyDarkModeFilter(shade),
+        );
+      }
+
+      expect(transformedPalette).toMatchSnapshot();
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("caching", () => {
+    it("returns same result for same input (cached)", () => {
+      const result1 = applyDarkModeFilter("#ff0000");
+      const result2 = applyDarkModeFilter("#ff0000");
+      expect(result1).toBe(result2);
+    });
+  });
+});
+
+describe("rgbToHex", () => {
+  describe("basic RGB conversion", () => {
+    it("converts black (0,0,0)", () => {
+      expect(rgbToHex(0, 0, 0)).toBe("#000000");
+    });
+
+    it("converts white (255,255,255)", () => {
+      expect(rgbToHex(255, 255, 255)).toBe("#ffffff");
+    });
+
+    it("converts red (255,0,0)", () => {
+      expect(rgbToHex(255, 0, 0)).toBe("#ff0000");
+    });
+
+    it("converts green (0,255,0)", () => {
+      expect(rgbToHex(0, 255, 0)).toBe("#00ff00");
+    });
+
+    it("converts blue (0,0,255)", () => {
+      expect(rgbToHex(0, 0, 255)).toBe("#0000ff");
+    });
+
+    it("converts arbitrary color", () => {
+      expect(rgbToHex(30, 30, 30)).toBe("#1e1e1e");
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("leading zeros preservation", () => {
+    it("preserves leading zeros for low values", () => {
+      expect(rgbToHex(0, 0, 1)).toBe("#000001");
+      expect(rgbToHex(0, 1, 0)).toBe("#000100");
+      expect(rgbToHex(1, 0, 0)).toBe("#010000");
+    });
+
+    it("preserves zeros for single-digit hex values", () => {
+      expect(rgbToHex(15, 15, 15)).toBe("#0f0f0f");
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("alpha handling", () => {
+    it("omits alpha when undefined", () => {
+      expect(rgbToHex(255, 0, 0)).toBe("#ff0000");
+      expect(rgbToHex(255, 0, 0, undefined)).toBe("#ff0000");
+    });
+
+    it("omits alpha when fully opaque (1)", () => {
+      expect(rgbToHex(255, 0, 0, 1)).toBe("#ff0000");
+    });
+
+    it("includes alpha for semi-transparent (0.5)", () => {
+      // 0.5 * 255 = 127.5 -> rounds to 128 = 0x80
+      expect(rgbToHex(255, 0, 0, 0.5)).toBe("#ff000080");
+    });
+
+    it("includes alpha for fully transparent (0)", () => {
+      expect(rgbToHex(255, 0, 0, 0)).toBe("#ff000000");
+    });
+
+    it("includes alpha for near-opaque (0.99)", () => {
+      // 0.99 * 255 = 252.45 -> rounds to 252 = 0xfc
+      expect(rgbToHex(255, 0, 0, 0.99)).toBe("#ff0000fc");
+    });
+
+    it("pads alpha with leading zero when needed", () => {
+      // 0.05 * 255 = 12.75 -> rounds to 13 = 0x0d
+      expect(rgbToHex(255, 0, 0, 0.05)).toBe("#ff00000d");
+    });
+  });
+});
@@ -1,8 +1,117 @@
-import oc from "open-color";
+import tinycolor from "tinycolor2";

-import type { Merge } from "./utility-types";
+import { clamp } from "@excalidraw/math";
+import { degreesToRadians } from "@excalidraw/math";

-export const COLOR_OUTLINE_CONTRAST_THRESHOLD = 240;
+import type { Degrees } from "@excalidraw/math";
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Dark mode color transformation
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// Browser-only cache to avoid memory leaks on server
+const DARK_MODE_COLORS_CACHE: Map<string, string> | null =
+  typeof window !== "undefined" ? new Map() : null;
+
+function cssHueRotate(
+  red: number,
+  green: number,
+  blue: number,
+  degrees: Degrees,
+): { r: number; g: number; b: number } {
+  // normalize
+  const r = red / 255;
+  const g = green / 255;
+  const b = blue / 255;
+
+  // Convert degrees to radians
+  const a = degreesToRadians(degrees);
+
+  const c = Math.cos(a);
+  const s = Math.sin(a);
+
+  // rotation matrix
+  const matrix = [
+    0.213 + c * 0.787 - s * 0.213,
+    0.715 - c * 0.715 - s * 0.715,
+    0.072 - c * 0.072 + s * 0.928,
+    0.213 - c * 0.213 + s * 0.143,
+    0.715 + c * 0.285 + s * 0.14,
+    0.072 - c * 0.072 - s * 0.283,
+    0.213 - c * 0.213 - s * 0.787,
+    0.715 - c * 0.715 + s * 0.715,
+    0.072 + c * 0.928 + s * 0.072,
+  ];
+
+  // transform
+  const newR = r * matrix[0] + g * matrix[1] + b * matrix[2];
+  const newG = r * matrix[3] + g * matrix[4] + b * matrix[5];
+  const newB = r * matrix[6] + g * matrix[7] + b * matrix[8];
+
+  // clamp the values to [0, 1] range and convert back to [0, 255]
+  return {
+    r: Math.round(Math.max(0, Math.min(1, newR)) * 255),
+    g: Math.round(Math.max(0, Math.min(1, newG)) * 255),
+    b: Math.round(Math.max(0, Math.min(1, newB)) * 255),
+  };
+}
+
+const cssInvert = (
+  r: number,
+  g: number,
+  b: number,
+  percent: number,
+): { r: number; g: number; b: number } => {
+  const p = clamp(percent, 0, 100) / 100;
+
+  // Function to invert a single color component
+  const invertComponent = (color: number): number => {
+    // Apply the invert formula
+    const inverted = color * (1 - p) + (255 - color) * p;
+    // Round to the nearest integer and clamp to [0, 255]
+    return Math.round(clamp(inverted, 0, 255));
+  };
+
+  // Calculate the inverted RGB components
+  const invertedR = invertComponent(r);
+  const invertedG = invertComponent(g);
+  const invertedB = invertComponent(b);
+
+  return { r: invertedR, g: invertedG, b: invertedB };
+};
+
+export const applyDarkModeFilter = (color: string): string => {
+  const cached = DARK_MODE_COLORS_CACHE?.get(color);
+  if (cached) {
+    return cached;
+  }
+
+  const tc = tinycolor(color);
+  const alpha = tc.getAlpha();
+
+  // order of operations matters
+  // (corresponds to "filter: invert(invertPercent) hue-rotate(hueDegrees)" in css)
+  const rgb = tc.toRgb();
+  const inverted = cssInvert(rgb.r, rgb.g, rgb.b, 93);
+  const rotated = cssHueRotate(
+    inverted.r,
+    inverted.g,
+    inverted.b,
+    180 as Degrees,
+  );
+
+  const result = rgbToHex(rotated.r, rotated.g, rotated.b, alpha);
+
+  if (DARK_MODE_COLORS_CACHE) {
+    DARK_MODE_COLORS_CACHE.set(color, result);
+  }
+
+  return result;
+};
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Color palette
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

 // FIXME can't put to utils.ts rn because of circular dependency
 const pick = <R extends Record<string, any>, K extends readonly (keyof R)[]>(
@@ -17,15 +126,7 @@ const pick = <R extends Record<string, any>, K extends readonly (keyof R)[]>(
  }, {} as Pick<R, K[number]>) as Pick<R, K[number]>;
 };

-export type ColorPickerColor =
-  | Exclude<keyof oc, "indigo" | "lime">
-  | "transparent"
-  | "bronze";
 export type ColorTuple = readonly [string, string, string, string, string];
-export type ColorPalette = Merge<
-  Record<ColorPickerColor, ColorTuple>,
-  { black: "#1e1e1e"; white: "#ffffff"; transparent: "transparent" }
->;

 // used general type instead of specific type (ColorPalette) to support custom colors
 export type ColorPaletteCustom = { [key: string]: ColorTuple | string };
@@ -38,38 +139,30 @@ export const DEFAULT_CHART_COLOR_INDEX = 4;

 export const DEFAULT_ELEMENT_STROKE_COLOR_INDEX = 4;
 export const DEFAULT_ELEMENT_BACKGROUND_COLOR_INDEX = 1;
-export const ELEMENTS_PALETTE_SHADE_INDEXES = [0, 2, 4, 6, 8] as const;
-export const CANVAS_PALETTE_SHADE_INDEXES = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4] as const;
-
-export const getSpecificColorShades = (
-  color: Exclude<
-    ColorPickerColor,
-    "transparent" | "white" | "black" | "bronze"
-  >,
-  indexArr: Readonly<ColorShadesIndexes>,
-) => {
-  return indexArr.map((index) => oc[color][index]) as any as ColorTuple;
-};

 export const COLOR_PALETTE = {
  transparent: "transparent",
  black: "#1e1e1e",
  white: "#ffffff",
-  // open-colors
-  gray: getSpecificColorShades("gray", ELEMENTS_PALETTE_SHADE_INDEXES),
-  red: getSpecificColorShades("red", ELEMENTS_PALETTE_SHADE_INDEXES),
-  pink: getSpecificColorShades("pink", ELEMENTS_PALETTE_SHADE_INDEXES),
-  grape: getSpecificColorShades("grape", ELEMENTS_PALETTE_SHADE_INDEXES),
-  violet: getSpecificColorShades("violet", ELEMENTS_PALETTE_SHADE_INDEXES),
-  blue: getSpecificColorShades("blue", ELEMENTS_PALETTE_SHADE_INDEXES),
-  cyan: getSpecificColorShades("cyan", ELEMENTS_PALETTE_SHADE_INDEXES),
-  teal: getSpecificColorShades("teal", ELEMENTS_PALETTE_SHADE_INDEXES),
-  green: getSpecificColorShades("green", ELEMENTS_PALETTE_SHADE_INDEXES),
-  yellow: getSpecificColorShades("yellow", ELEMENTS_PALETTE_SHADE_INDEXES),
-  orange: getSpecificColorShades("orange", ELEMENTS_PALETTE_SHADE_INDEXES),
-  // radix bronze shades 3,5,7,9,11
+  // open-color from https://github.com/yeun/open-color/blob/master/open-color.js
+  // corresponds to indexes [0,2,4,6,8] (weights: 50, 200, 400, 600, 800)
+  gray: ["#f8f9fa", "#e9ecef", "#ced4da", "#868e96", "#343a40"],
+  red: ["#fff5f5", "#ffc9c9", "#ff8787", "#fa5252", "#e03131"],
+  pink: ["#fff0f6", "#fcc2d7", "#f783ac", "#e64980", "#c2255c"],
+  grape: ["#f8f0fc", "#eebefa", "#da77f2", "#be4bdb", "#9c36b5"],
+  violet: ["#f3f0ff", "#d0bfff", "#9775fa", "#7950f2", "#6741d9"],
+  blue: ["#e7f5ff", "#a5d8ff", "#4dabf7", "#228be6", "#1971c2"],
+  cyan: ["#e3fafc", "#99e9f2", "#3bc9db", "#15aabf", "#0c8599"],
+  teal: ["#e6fcf5", "#96f2d7", "#38d9a9", "#12b886", "#099268"],
+  green: ["#ebfbee", "#b2f2bb", "#69db7c", "#40c057", "#2f9e44"],
+  yellow: ["#fff9db", "#ffec99", "#ffd43b", "#fab005", "#f08c00"],
+  orange: ["#fff4e6", "#ffd8a8", "#ffa94d", "#fd7e14", "#e8590c"],
+  // radix bronze shades [3,5,7,9,11]
  bronze: ["#f8f1ee", "#eaddd7", "#d2bab0", "#a18072", "#846358"],
-} as ColorPalette;
+} as const;
+
+export type ColorPalette = typeof COLOR_PALETTE;
+export type ColorPickerColor = keyof typeof COLOR_PALETTE;

 const COMMON_ELEMENT_SHADES = pick(COLOR_PALETTE, [
  "cyan",
@@ -84,7 +177,6 @@ const COMMON_ELEMENT_SHADES = pick(COLOR_PALETTE, [
  "red",
 ]);

-// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // quick picks defaults
 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

@@ -119,7 +211,6 @@ export const DEFAULT_CANVAS_BACKGROUND_PICKS = [
  "#fdf8f6",
 ] as ColorTuple;

-// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // palette defaults
 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

@@ -145,29 +236,120 @@ export const DEFAULT_ELEMENT_BACKGROUND_COLOR_PALETTE = {
  ...COMMON_ELEMENT_SHADES,
 } as const;

-// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// helpers
+// color palette helpers
 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

 // !!!MUST BE WITHOUT GRAY, TRANSPARENT AND BLACK!!!
-export const getAllColorsSpecificShade = (index: 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4) =>
-  [
-    // 2nd row
-    COLOR_PALETTE.cyan[index],
-    COLOR_PALETTE.blue[index],
-    COLOR_PALETTE.violet[index],
-    COLOR_PALETTE.grape[index],
-    COLOR_PALETTE.pink[index],
+export const getAllColorsSpecificShade = (index: 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4) => [
+  // 2nd row
+  COLOR_PALETTE.cyan[index],
+  COLOR_PALETTE.blue[index],
+  COLOR_PALETTE.violet[index],
+  COLOR_PALETTE.grape[index],
+  COLOR_PALETTE.pink[index],

-    // 3rd row
-    COLOR_PALETTE.green[index],
-    COLOR_PALETTE.teal[index],
-    COLOR_PALETTE.yellow[index],
-    COLOR_PALETTE.orange[index],
-    COLOR_PALETTE.red[index],
-  ] as const;
-
-export const rgbToHex = (r: number, g: number, b: number) =>
-  `#${((1 << 24) + (r << 16) + (g << 8) + b).toString(16).slice(1)}`;
+  // 3rd row
+  COLOR_PALETTE.green[index],
+  COLOR_PALETTE.teal[index],
+  COLOR_PALETTE.yellow[index],
+  COLOR_PALETTE.orange[index],
+  COLOR_PALETTE.red[index],
+];

 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// other helpers
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+export const rgbToHex = (r: number, g: number, b: number, a?: number) => {
+  // (1 << 24) adds 0x1000000 to ensure the hex string is always 7 chars,
+  // then slice(1) removes the leading "1" to get exactly 6 hex digits
+  // e.g. rgb(0,0,0) -> 0x1000000 -> "1000000" -> "000000"
+  const hex6 = `#${((1 << 24) + (r << 16) + (g << 8) + b)
+    .toString(16)
+    .slice(1)}`;
+  if (a !== undefined && a < 1) {
+    // convert alpha from 0-1 float to 0-255 int, then to 2-digit hex
+    // e.g. 0.5 -> 128 -> "80"
+    const alphaHex = Math.round(a * 255)
+      .toString(16)
+      .padStart(2, "0");
+    return `${hex6}${alphaHex}`;
+  }
+  return hex6;
+};
+
+/**
+ * @returns #RRGGBB or #RRGGBBAA based on color containing non-opaque alpha,
+ *  null if not valid color
+ */
+export const colorToHex = (color: string): string | null => {
+  const tc = tinycolor(color);
+  if (!tc.isValid()) {
+    return null;
+  }
+  const { r, g, b, a } = tc.toRgb();
+  return rgbToHex(r, g, b, a);
+};
+
+export const isTransparent = (color: string) => {
+  return tinycolor(color).getAlpha() === 0;
+};
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// color contract helpers
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+export const COLOR_OUTLINE_CONTRAST_THRESHOLD = 240;
+
+const calculateContrast = (r: number, g: number, b: number): number => {
+  const yiq = (r * 299 + g * 587 + b * 114) / 1000;
+  return yiq;
+};
+
+// YIQ algo, inspiration from https://stackoverflow.com/a/11868398
+export const isColorDark = (color: string, threshold = 160): boolean => {
+  // no color ("") -> assume it default to black
+  if (!color) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  if (isTransparent(color)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  const tc = tinycolor(color);
+  if (!tc.isValid()) {
+    // invalid color -> assume it defaults to black
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  const { r, g, b } = tc.toRgb();
+  return calculateContrast(r, g, b) < threshold;
+};
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// normalization
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+/**
+ * tries to keep the input color as-is if it's valid, making minimal adjustments
+ * (trimming whitespace or adding `#` to hex colors)
+ */
+export const normalizeInputColor = (color: string): string | null => {
+  color = color.trim();
+  if (isTransparent(color)) {
+    return color;
+  }
+
+  const tc = tinycolor(color);
+  if (tc.isValid()) {
+    // testing for `#` first fixes a bug on Electron (more specfically, an
+    // Obsidian popout window), where a hex color without `#` is considered valid
+    if (["hex", "hex8"].includes(tc.getFormat()) && !color.startsWith("#")) {
+      return `#${color}`;
+    }
+    return color;
+  }
+
+  return null;
+};
@@ -6,32 +6,6 @@ import type { AppProps, AppState } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/types";

 import { COLOR_PALETTE } from "./colors";

-export const isDarwin = /Mac|iPod|iPhone|iPad/.test(navigator.platform);
-export const isWindows = /^Win/.test(navigator.platform);
-export const isAndroid = /\b(android)\b/i.test(navigator.userAgent);
-export const isFirefox =
-  typeof window !== "undefined" &&
-  "netscape" in window &&
-  navigator.userAgent.indexOf("rv:") > 1 &&
-  navigator.userAgent.indexOf("Gecko") > 1;
-export const isChrome = navigator.userAgent.indexOf("Chrome") !== -1;
-export const isSafari =
-  !isChrome && navigator.userAgent.indexOf("Safari") !== -1;
-export const isIOS =
-  /iPad|iPhone/i.test(navigator.platform) ||
-  // iPadOS 13+
-  (navigator.userAgent.includes("Mac") && "ontouchend" in document);
-// keeping function so it can be mocked in test
-export const isBrave = () =>
-  (navigator as any).brave?.isBrave?.name === "isBrave";
-
-export const isMobile =
-  isIOS ||
-  /android|webos|ipod|blackberry|iemobile|opera mini/i.test(
-    navigator.userAgent,
-  ) ||
-  /android|ios|ipod|blackberry|windows phone/i.test(navigator.platform);
-
 export const supportsResizeObserver =
  typeof window !== "undefined" && "ResizeObserver" in window;

@@ -125,12 +99,23 @@ export const ENV = {
 };

 export const CLASSES = {
+  SIDEBAR: "sidebar",
  SHAPE_ACTIONS_MENU: "App-menu__left",
  ZOOM_ACTIONS: "zoom-actions",
  SEARCH_MENU_INPUT_WRAPPER: "layer-ui__search-inputWrapper",
  CONVERT_ELEMENT_TYPE_POPUP: "ConvertElementTypePopup",
+  SHAPE_ACTIONS_THEME_SCOPE: "shape-actions-theme-scope",
+  FRAME_NAME: "frame-name",
+  DROPDOWN_MENU_EVENT_WRAPPER: "dropdown-menu-event-wrapper",
 };

+export const FONT_SIZES = {
+  sm: 16,
+  md: 20,
+  lg: 28,
+  xl: 36,
+} as const;
+
 export const CJK_HAND_DRAWN_FALLBACK_FONT = "Xiaolai";
 export const WINDOWS_EMOJI_FALLBACK_FONT = "Segoe UI Emoji";

@@ -206,6 +191,8 @@ export const THEME = {
  DARK: "dark",
 } as const;

+export const DARK_THEME_FILTER = "invert(93%) hue-rotate(180deg)";
+
 export const FRAME_STYLE = {
  strokeColor: "#bbb" as ExcalidrawElement["strokeColor"],
  strokeWidth: 2 as ExcalidrawElement["strokeWidth"],
@@ -259,13 +246,21 @@ export const IMAGE_MIME_TYPES = {
  jfif: "image/jfif",
 } as const;

-export const MIME_TYPES = {
+export const STRING_MIME_TYPES = {
  text: "text/plain",
  html: "text/html",
  json: "application/json",
  // excalidraw data
  excalidraw: "application/vnd.excalidraw+json",
+  excalidrawClipboard: "application/vnd.excalidraw.clipboard+json",
+  // LEGACY: fully-qualified library JSON data
  excalidrawlib: "application/vnd.excalidrawlib+json",
+  // list of excalidraw library item ids
+  excalidrawlibIds: "application/vnd.excalidrawlib.ids+json",
+} as const;
+
+export const MIME_TYPES = {
+  ...STRING_MIME_TYPES,
  // image-encoded excalidraw data
  "excalidraw.svg": "image/svg+xml",
  "excalidraw.png": "image/png",
@@ -314,9 +309,6 @@ export const IDLE_THRESHOLD = 60_000;
 // Report a user active each ACTIVE_THRESHOLD milliseconds
 export const ACTIVE_THRESHOLD = 3_000;

-// duplicates --theme-filter, should be removed soon
-export const THEME_FILTER = "invert(93%) hue-rotate(180deg)";
-
 export const URL_QUERY_KEYS = {
  addLibrary: "addLibrary",
 } as const;
@@ -340,16 +332,6 @@ export const DEFAULT_UI_OPTIONS: AppProps["UIOptions"] = {
  },
 };

-// breakpoints
-// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// md screen
-export const MQ_MAX_WIDTH_PORTRAIT = 730;
-export const MQ_MAX_WIDTH_LANDSCAPE = 1000;
-export const MQ_MAX_HEIGHT_LANDSCAPE = 500;
-// sidebar
-export const MQ_RIGHT_SIDEBAR_MIN_WIDTH = 1229;
-// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
 export const MAX_DECIMALS_FOR_SVG_EXPORT = 2;

 export const EXPORT_SCALES = [1, 2, 3];
@@ -524,3 +506,10 @@ export enum UserIdleState {
 export const LINE_POLYGON_POINT_MERGE_DISTANCE = 20;

 export const DOUBLE_TAP_POSITION_THRESHOLD = 35;
+
+export const BIND_MODE_TIMEOUT = 700; // ms
+
+// glass background for mobile action buttons
+export const MOBILE_ACTION_BUTTON_BG = {
+  background: "var(--mobile-action-button-bg)",
+} as const;
@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+export type StylesPanelMode = "compact" | "full" | "mobile";
+
+export type EditorInterface = Readonly<{
+  formFactor: "phone" | "tablet" | "desktop";
+  desktopUIMode: "compact" | "full";
+  userAgent: Readonly<{
+    isMobileDevice: boolean;
+    platform: "ios" | "android" | "other" | "unknown";
+  }>;
+  isTouchScreen: boolean;
+  canFitSidebar: boolean;
+  isLandscape: boolean;
+}>;
+
+// storage key
+const DESKTOP_UI_MODE_STORAGE_KEY = "excalidraw.desktopUIMode";
+
+// breakpoints
+export const MQ_MAX_MOBILE = 599;
+
+export const MQ_MAX_WIDTH_LANDSCAPE = 1000;
+export const MQ_MAX_HEIGHT_LANDSCAPE = 500;
+
+// tablets
+export const MQ_MIN_TABLET = MQ_MAX_MOBILE + 1; // lower bound (excludes phones)
+export const MQ_MAX_TABLET = 1180; // ipad air
+
+// desktop/laptop (NOTE: not used for form factor detection)
+export const MQ_MIN_WIDTH_DESKTOP = 1440;
+
+// sidebar
+export const MQ_RIGHT_SIDEBAR_MIN_WIDTH = 1229;
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// user agent detections
+export const isDarwin = /Mac|iPod|iPhone|iPad/.test(navigator.platform);
+export const isWindows = /^Win/.test(navigator.platform);
+export const isAndroid = /\b(android)\b/i.test(navigator.userAgent);
+export const isFirefox =
+  typeof window !== "undefined" &&
+  "netscape" in window &&
+  navigator.userAgent.indexOf("rv:") > 1 &&
+  navigator.userAgent.indexOf("Gecko") > 1;
+export const isChrome = navigator.userAgent.indexOf("Chrome") !== -1;
+export const isSafari =
+  !isChrome && navigator.userAgent.indexOf("Safari") !== -1;
+export const isIOS =
+  /iPad|iPhone/i.test(navigator.platform) ||
+  // iPadOS 13+
+  (navigator.userAgent.includes("Mac") && "ontouchend" in document);
+// keeping function so it can be mocked in test
+export const isBrave = () =>
+  (navigator as any).brave?.isBrave?.name === "isBrave";
+
+// export const isMobile =
+//   isIOS ||
+//   /android|webos|ipod|blackberry|iemobile|opera mini/i.test(
+//     navigator.userAgent,
+//   ) ||
+//   /android|ios|ipod|blackberry|windows phone/i.test(navigator.platform);
+
+// utilities
+export const isMobileBreakpoint = (width: number, height: number) => {
+  return (
+    width <= MQ_MAX_MOBILE ||
+    (height < MQ_MAX_HEIGHT_LANDSCAPE && width < MQ_MAX_WIDTH_LANDSCAPE)
+  );
+};
+
+export const isTabletBreakpoint = (
+  editorWidth: number,
+  editorHeight: number,
+) => {
+  const minSide = Math.min(editorWidth, editorHeight);
+  const maxSide = Math.max(editorWidth, editorHeight);
+
+  return minSide >= MQ_MIN_TABLET && maxSide <= MQ_MAX_TABLET;
+};
+
+const isMobileOrTablet = (): boolean => {
+  const ua = navigator.userAgent || "";
+  const platform = navigator.platform || "";
+  const uaData = (navigator as any).userAgentData as
+    | { mobile?: boolean; platform?: string }
+    | undefined;
+
+  // --- 1) chromium: prefer ua client hints -------------------------------
+  if (uaData) {
+    const plat = (uaData.platform || "").toLowerCase();
+    const isDesktopOS =
+      plat === "windows" ||
+      plat === "macos" ||
+      plat === "linux" ||
+      plat === "chrome os";
+    if (uaData.mobile === true) {
+      return true;
+    }
+    if (uaData.mobile === false && plat === "android") {
+      const looksTouchTablet =
+        matchMedia?.("(hover: none)").matches &&
+        matchMedia?.("(pointer: coarse)").matches;
+      return looksTouchTablet;
+    }
+    if (isDesktopOS) {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // --- 2) ios (includes ipad) --------------------------------------------
+  if (isIOS) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  // --- 3) android legacy ua fallback -------------------------------------
+  if (isAndroid) {
+    const isAndroidPhone = /Mobile/i.test(ua);
+    const isAndroidTablet = !isAndroidPhone;
+    if (isAndroidPhone || isAndroidTablet) {
+      const looksTouchTablet =
+        matchMedia?.("(hover: none)").matches &&
+        matchMedia?.("(pointer: coarse)").matches;
+      return looksTouchTablet;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // --- 4) last resort desktop exclusion ----------------------------------
+  const looksDesktopPlatform =
+    /Win|Linux|CrOS|Mac/.test(platform) ||
+    /Windows NT|X11|CrOS|Macintosh/.test(ua);
+  if (looksDesktopPlatform) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  return false;
+};
+
+export const getFormFactor = (
+  editorWidth: number,
+  editorHeight: number,
+): EditorInterface["formFactor"] => {
+  if (isMobileBreakpoint(editorWidth, editorHeight)) {
+    return "phone";
+  }
+
+  if (isTabletBreakpoint(editorWidth, editorHeight)) {
+    return "tablet";
+  }
+
+  return "desktop";
+};
+
+export const deriveStylesPanelMode = (
+  editorInterface: EditorInterface,
+): StylesPanelMode => {
+  if (editorInterface.formFactor === "phone") {
+    return "mobile";
+  }
+
+  if (editorInterface.formFactor === "tablet") {
+    return "compact";
+  }
+
+  return editorInterface.desktopUIMode;
+};
+
+export const createUserAgentDescriptor = (
+  userAgentString: string,
+): EditorInterface["userAgent"] => {
+  const normalizedUA = userAgentString ?? "";
+  let platform: EditorInterface["userAgent"]["platform"] = "unknown";
+
+  if (isIOS) {
+    platform = "ios";
+  } else if (isAndroid) {
+    platform = "android";
+  } else if (normalizedUA) {
+    platform = "other";
+  }
+
+  return {
+    isMobileDevice: isMobileOrTablet(),
+    platform,
+  } as const;
+};
+
+export const loadDesktopUIModePreference = () => {
+  if (typeof window === "undefined") {
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  try {
+    const stored = window.localStorage.getItem(DESKTOP_UI_MODE_STORAGE_KEY);
+    if (stored === "compact" || stored === "full") {
+      return stored as EditorInterface["desktopUIMode"];
+    }
+  } catch (error) {
+    // ignore storage access issues (e.g., Safari private mode)
+  }
+
+  return null;
+};
+
+const persistDesktopUIMode = (mode: EditorInterface["desktopUIMode"]) => {
+  if (typeof window === "undefined") {
+    return;
+  }
+  try {
+    window.localStorage.setItem(DESKTOP_UI_MODE_STORAGE_KEY, mode);
+  } catch (error) {
+    // ignore storage access issues (e.g., Safari private mode)
+  }
+};
+
+export const setDesktopUIMode = (mode: EditorInterface["desktopUIMode"]) => {
+  if (mode !== "compact" && mode !== "full") {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  persistDesktopUIMode(mode);
+
+  return mode;
+};
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 export * from "./binary-heap";
+export * from "./bounds";
 export * from "./colors";
 export * from "./constants";
 export * from "./font-metadata";
@@ -10,3 +11,7 @@ export * from "./random";
 export * from "./url";
 export * from "./utils";
 export * from "./emitter";
+export * from "./appEventBus";
+export * from "./editorInterface";
+export * from "./versionedSnapshotStore";
+export { Debug } from "../debug";
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { isDarwin } from "./constants";
+import { isDarwin } from "./editorInterface";

 import type { ValueOf } from "./utility-types";

@@ -3,6 +3,12 @@ import {
  mapFind,
  reduceToCommonValue,
 } from "@excalidraw/common";
+import { vi } from "vitest";
+
+// Import directly to avoid the @excalidraw/common throttleRAF mock from setupTests.ts.
+import { throttleRAF } from "./utils";
+
+type RafCallback = FrameRequestCallback;

 describe("@excalidraw/common/utils", () => {
  describe("isTransparent()", () => {
@@ -79,4 +85,87 @@ describe("@excalidraw/common/utils", () => {
      expect(mapFind([1, 2], () => null)).toBe(undefined);
    });
  });
+
+  describe("throttleRAF()", () => {
+    let frameCallbacks: Map<number, RafCallback>;
+    let nextFrameId: number;
+
+    const runScheduledFrame = (timestamp = 16) => {
+      const callbacks = [...frameCallbacks.values()];
+      frameCallbacks.clear();
+      callbacks.forEach((callback) => callback(timestamp));
+    };
+
+    beforeEach(() => {
+      frameCallbacks = new Map();
+      nextFrameId = 0;
+
+      vi.spyOn(window, "requestAnimationFrame").mockImplementation(
+        (callback) => {
+          const frameId = ++nextFrameId;
+          frameCallbacks.set(frameId, callback);
+          return frameId;
+        },
+      );
+
+      vi.spyOn(window, "cancelAnimationFrame").mockImplementation((frameId) => {
+        frameCallbacks.delete(frameId);
+      });
+    });
+
+    afterEach(() => {
+      vi.restoreAllMocks();
+    });
+
+    it("should invoke the callback with the last args from the same frame", () => {
+      const fn = vi.fn();
+      const throttled = throttleRAF(fn);
+
+      throttled("first", 1);
+      throttled("second", 2);
+      throttled("last", 3);
+
+      expect(fn).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(window.requestAnimationFrame).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+
+      runScheduledFrame();
+
+      expect(fn).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+      expect(fn).toHaveBeenCalledWith("last", 3);
+    });
+
+    it("should flush the pending callback immediately", () => {
+      const fn = vi.fn();
+      const throttled = throttleRAF(fn);
+
+      throttled("first");
+      throttled("last");
+
+      throttled.flush();
+
+      expect(window.cancelAnimationFrame).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+      expect(fn).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+      expect(fn).toHaveBeenCalledWith("last");
+
+      runScheduledFrame();
+
+      expect(fn).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    });
+
+    it("should cancel the pending callback", () => {
+      const fn = vi.fn();
+      const throttled = throttleRAF(fn);
+
+      throttled("first");
+      throttled("last");
+
+      throttled.cancel();
+
+      expect(window.cancelAnimationFrame).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+
+      runScheduledFrame();
+
+      expect(fn).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+  });
 });
@@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
 import { average } from "@excalidraw/math";

-import type {
-  ExcalidrawBindableElement,
-  FontFamilyValues,
-  FontString,
-} from "@excalidraw/element/types";
+import type { GlobalCoord } from "@excalidraw/math";
+
+import type { FontFamilyValues, FontString } from "@excalidraw/element/types";

 import type {
  ActiveTool,
@@ -14,13 +12,11 @@ import type {
  Zoom,
 } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/types";

-import { COLOR_PALETTE } from "./colors";
 import {
  DEFAULT_VERSION,
  ENV,
  FONT_FAMILY,
  getFontFamilyFallbacks,
-  isDarwin,
  WINDOWS_EMOJI_FALLBACK_FONT,
 } from "./constants";

@@ -91,7 +87,9 @@ export const isWritableElement = (
  (target instanceof HTMLInputElement &&
    (target.type === "text" ||
      target.type === "number" ||
-      target.type === "password"));
+      target.type === "password" ||
+      target.type === "search")) ||
+  (target instanceof HTMLElement && target.closest(".cm-editor") !== null);

 export const getFontFamilyString = ({
  fontFamily,
@@ -119,6 +117,11 @@ export const getFontString = ({
  return `${fontSize}px ${getFontFamilyString({ fontFamily })}` as FontString;
 };

+/** executes callback in the frame that's after the current one */
+export const nextAnimationFrame = async (cb: () => any) => {
+  requestAnimationFrame(() => requestAnimationFrame(cb));
+};
+
 export const debounce = <T extends any[]>(
  fn: (...args: T) => void,
  timeout: number,
@@ -148,38 +151,27 @@ export const debounce = <T extends any[]>(
  return ret;
 };

-// throttle callback to execute once per animation frame
-export const throttleRAF = <T extends any[]>(
-  fn: (...args: T) => void,
-  opts?: { trailing?: boolean },
-) => {
+// throttle callback to execute once per animation frame using the latest args
+export const throttleRAF = <T extends any[]>(fn: (...args: T) => void) => {
  let timerId: number | null = null;
  let lastArgs: T | null = null;
-  let lastArgsTrailing: T | null = null;

-  const scheduleFunc = (args: T) => {
+  const scheduleFunc = () => {
    timerId = window.requestAnimationFrame(() => {
      timerId = null;
-      fn(...args);
+      const args = lastArgs;
      lastArgs = null;
-      if (lastArgsTrailing) {
-        lastArgs = lastArgsTrailing;
-        lastArgsTrailing = null;
-        scheduleFunc(lastArgs);
+
+      if (args) {
+        fn(...args);
      }
    });
  };

  const ret = (...args: T) => {
-    if (isTestEnv()) {
-      fn(...args);
-      return;
-    }
    lastArgs = args;
    if (timerId === null) {
-      scheduleFunc(lastArgs);
-    } else if (opts?.trailing) {
-      lastArgsTrailing = args;
+      scheduleFunc();
    }
  };
  ret.flush = () => {
@@ -188,12 +180,12 @@ export const throttleRAF = <T extends any[]>(
      timerId = null;
    }
    if (lastArgs) {
-      fn(...(lastArgsTrailing || lastArgs));
-      lastArgs = lastArgsTrailing = null;
+      fn(...lastArgs);
+      lastArgs = null;
    }
  };
  ret.cancel = () => {
-    lastArgs = lastArgsTrailing = null;
+    lastArgs = null;
    if (timerId !== null) {
      cancelAnimationFrame(timerId);
      timerId = null;
@@ -377,6 +369,10 @@ export const removeSelection = () => {

 export const distance = (x: number, y: number) => Math.abs(x - y);

+export const isSelectionLikeTool = (type: ToolType | "custom") => {
+  return type === "selection" || type === "lasso";
+};
+
 export const updateActiveTool = (
  appState: Pick<AppState, "activeTool">,
  data: ((
@@ -418,19 +414,6 @@ export const allowFullScreen = () =>

 export const exitFullScreen = () => document.exitFullscreen();

-export const getShortcutKey = (shortcut: string): string => {
-  shortcut = shortcut
-    .replace(/\bAlt\b/i, "Alt")
-    .replace(/\bShift\b/i, "Shift")
-    .replace(/\b(Enter|Return)\b/i, "Enter");
-  if (isDarwin) {
-    return shortcut
-      .replace(/\bCtrlOrCmd\b/gi, "Cmd")
-      .replace(/\bAlt\b/i, "Option");
-  }
-  return shortcut.replace(/\bCtrlOrCmd\b/gi, "Ctrl");
-};
-
 export const viewportCoordsToSceneCoords = (
  { clientX, clientY }: { clientX: number; clientY: number },
  {
@@ -450,7 +433,7 @@ export const viewportCoordsToSceneCoords = (
  const x = (clientX - offsetLeft) / zoom.value - scrollX;
  const y = (clientY - offsetTop) / zoom.value - scrollY;

-  return { x, y };
+  return { x, y } as GlobalCoord;
 };

 export const sceneCoordsToViewportCoords = (
@@ -556,19 +539,6 @@ export const mapFind = <T, K>(
  return undefined;
 };

-export const isTransparent = (color: string) => {
-  const isRGBTransparent = color.length === 5 && color.substr(4, 1) === "0";
-  const isRRGGBBTransparent = color.length === 9 && color.substr(7, 2) === "00";
-  return (
-    isRGBTransparent ||
-    isRRGGBBTransparent ||
-    color === COLOR_PALETTE.transparent
-  );
-};
-
-export const isBindingFallthroughEnabled = (el: ExcalidrawBindableElement) =>
-  el.fillStyle !== "solid" || isTransparent(el.backgroundColor);
-
 export type ResolvablePromise<T> = Promise<T> & {
  resolve: [T] extends [undefined]
    ? (value?: MaybePromise<Awaited<T>>) => void
@@ -1168,39 +1138,69 @@ export const normalizeEOL = (str: string) => {
 };

 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-type HasBrand<T> = {
+export type HasBrand<T> = {
  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars
-  [K in keyof T]: K extends `~brand${infer _}` ? true : never;
+  [K in keyof T]: K extends `~brand${infer _}` | "_brand" ? true : never;
 }[keyof T];

 type RemoveAllBrands<T> = HasBrand<T> extends true
  ? {
      // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars
-      [K in keyof T as K extends `~brand~${infer _}` ? never : K]: T[K];
+      [K in keyof T as K extends `~brand~${infer _}` | "_brand"
+        ? never
+        : K]: T[K];
    }
-  : never;
+  : T;

-// adapted from https://github.com/colinhacks/zod/discussions/1994#discussioncomment-6068940
-// currently does not cover all types (e.g. tuples, promises...)
-type Unbrand<T> = T extends Map<infer E, infer F>
-  ? Map<E, F>
+// For accepting values - uses loose matching for branded types
+// Preserves readonly modifier: mutable array requires mutable input
+type UnbrandForValue<T> = T extends Map<infer E, infer F>
+  ? Map<UnbrandForValue<E>, UnbrandForValue<F>>
  : T extends Set<infer E>
-  ? Set<E>
-  : T extends Array<infer E>
-  ? Array<E>
+  ? Set<UnbrandForValue<E>>
+  : T extends readonly any[]
+  ? T extends any[]
+    ? unknown[] // mutable array - require mutable input
+    : readonly unknown[] // readonly array - accept readonly input
  : RemoveAllBrands<T>;

+// For return types - preserves array element unbranding
+export type Unbrand<T> = T extends Map<infer E, infer F>
+  ? Map<Unbrand<E>, Unbrand<F>>
+  : T extends Set<infer E>
+  ? Set<Unbrand<E>>
+  : T extends readonly (infer E)[]
+  ? Array<Unbrand<E>>
+  : RemoveAllBrands<T>;
+
+export type CombineBrands<BrandedType, CurrentType> =
+  BrandedType extends readonly (infer BE)[]
+    ? CurrentType extends readonly (infer CE)[]
+      ? Array<CE & BE>
+      : CurrentType & BrandedType
+    : CurrentType & BrandedType;
+
+export type CombineBrandsIfNeeded<T, Required> = [T] extends [Required]
+  ? T[]
+  : HasBrand<T> extends true
+  ? CombineBrands<T, Required>[]
+  : Required[];
+
 /**
 * Makes type into a branded type, ensuring that value is assignable to
- * the base ubranded type. Optionally you can explicitly supply current value
+ * the base unbranded type. Optionally you can explicitly supply current value
 * type to combine both (useful for composite branded types. Make sure you
 * compose branded types which are not composite themselves.)
 */
-export const toBrandedType = <BrandedType, CurrentType = BrandedType>(
-  value: Unbrand<BrandedType>,
-) => {
-  return value as CurrentType & BrandedType;
-};
+export function toBrandedType<BrandedType>(
+  value: UnbrandForValue<BrandedType>,
+): BrandedType;
+export function toBrandedType<BrandedType, CurrentType>(
+  value: CurrentType,
+): CombineBrands<BrandedType, CurrentType>;
+export function toBrandedType(value: unknown) {
+  return value;
+}

 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

@@ -1278,3 +1278,54 @@ export const reduceToCommonValue = <T, R = T>(

  return commonValue;
 };
+
+type FEATURE_FLAGS = {
+  COMPLEX_BINDINGS: boolean;
+};
+
+const FEATURE_FLAGS_STORAGE_KEY = "excalidraw-feature-flags";
+const DEFAULT_FEATURE_FLAGS: FEATURE_FLAGS = {
+  COMPLEX_BINDINGS: false,
+};
+let featureFlags: FEATURE_FLAGS | null = null;
+
+export const getFeatureFlag = <F extends keyof FEATURE_FLAGS>(
+  flag: F,
+): FEATURE_FLAGS[F] => {
+  if (!featureFlags) {
+    try {
+      const serializedFlags = localStorage.getItem(FEATURE_FLAGS_STORAGE_KEY);
+      if (serializedFlags) {
+        const flags = JSON.parse(serializedFlags);
+        featureFlags = flags ?? DEFAULT_FEATURE_FLAGS;
+      }
+    } catch {}
+  }
+
+  return (featureFlags || DEFAULT_FEATURE_FLAGS)[flag];
+};
+
+export const setFeatureFlag = <F extends keyof FEATURE_FLAGS>(
+  flag: F,
+  value: FEATURE_FLAGS[F],
+) => {
+  try {
+    featureFlags = {
+      ...(featureFlags || DEFAULT_FEATURE_FLAGS),
+      [flag]: value,
+    };
+    localStorage.setItem(
+      FEATURE_FLAGS_STORAGE_KEY,
+      JSON.stringify(featureFlags),
+    );
+  } catch (e) {
+    console.error("unable to set feature flag", e);
+  }
+};
+
+export const oneOf = <N extends string | number | symbol | null, H extends N>(
+  needle: N,
+  haystack: readonly H[],
+): needle is H => {
+  return haystack.includes(needle as any);
+};
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+export type VersionedSnapshot<T> = Readonly<{
+  version: number;
+  value: T;
+}>;
+
+export class VersionedSnapshotStore<T> {
+  private version = 0;
+  private value: T;
+  private readonly waiters = new Set<
+    (snapshot: VersionedSnapshot<T>) => void
+  >();
+  private readonly subscribers = new Set<
+    (snapshot: VersionedSnapshot<T>) => void
+  >();
+
+  constructor(
+    initialValue: T,
+    private readonly isEqual: (prev: T, next: T) => boolean = Object.is,
+  ) {
+    this.value = initialValue;
+  }
+
+  public getSnapshot(): VersionedSnapshot<T> {
+    return { version: this.version, value: this.value };
+  }
+
+  public set(nextValue: T): boolean {
+    if (this.isEqual(this.value, nextValue)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    this.value = nextValue;
+    this.version += 1;
+
+    const snapshot = this.getSnapshot();
+
+    for (const subscriber of this.subscribers) {
+      subscriber(snapshot);
+    }
+    for (const waiter of this.waiters) {
+      waiter(snapshot);
+    }
+    this.waiters.clear();
+
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  public update(updater: (prev: T) => T): boolean {
+    return this.set(updater(this.value));
+  }
+
+  public subscribe(
+    subscriber: (snapshot: VersionedSnapshot<T>) => void,
+  ): () => void {
+    this.subscribers.add(subscriber);
+    return () => {
+      this.subscribers.delete(subscriber);
+    };
+  }
+
+  public pull(sinceVersion = -1): Promise<VersionedSnapshot<T>> {
+    if (this.version !== sinceVersion) {
+      return Promise.resolve(this.getSnapshot());
+    }
+
+    return new Promise((resolve) => {
+      this.waiters.add(resolve);
+    });
+  }
+}
@@ -17,6 +17,12 @@
      "development": "./dist/dev/index.js",
      "production": "./dist/prod/index.js",
      "default": "./dist/prod/index.js"
+    },
+    "./visualdebug": {
+      "types": "./dist/types/element/src/visualdebug.d.ts",
+      "development": "./dist/dev/visualdebug.js",
+      "production": "./dist/prod/visualdebug.js",
+      "default": "./dist/prod/visualdebug.js"
    }
  },
  "files": [
@@ -438,6 +438,8 @@ export class Scene {
    options: {
      informMutation: boolean;
      isDragging: boolean;
+      isBindingEnabled?: boolean;
+      isMidpointSnappingEnabled?: boolean;
    } = {
      informMutation: true,
      isDragging: false,
@@ -88,8 +88,11 @@ exports[`Test Transform > Test arrow bindings > should bind arrows to existing s
  "endArrowhead": "arrow",
  "endBinding": {
    "elementId": "ellipse-1",
-    "focus": -0.007519379844961235,
-    "gap": 11.562288374879595,
+    "fixedPoint": [
+      0.04,
+      0.4633333333333333,
+    ],
+    "mode": "orbit",
  },
  "fillStyle": "solid",
  "frameId": null,
@@ -98,7 +101,6 @@ exports[`Test Transform > Test arrow bindings > should bind arrows to existing s
  "id": Any<String>,
  "index": "a2",
  "isDeleted": false,
-  "lastCommittedPoint": null,
  "link": null,
  "locked": false,
  "opacity": 100,
@@ -118,8 +120,11 @@ exports[`Test Transform > Test arrow bindings > should bind arrows to existing s
  "startArrowhead": null,
  "startBinding": {
    "elementId": "id49",
-    "focus": -0.0813953488372095,
-    "gap": 1,
+    "fixedPoint": [
+      1,
+      0.5001,
+    ],
+    "mode": "orbit",
  },
  "strokeColor": "#1864ab",
  "strokeStyle": "solid",
@@ -144,8 +149,11 @@ exports[`Test Transform > Test arrow bindings > should bind arrows to existing s
  "endArrowhead": "arrow",
  "endBinding": {
    "elementId": "ellipse-1",
-    "focus": 0.10666666666666667,
-    "gap": 3.8343264684446097,
+    "fixedPoint": [
+      -0.01,
+      0.44666666666666666,
+    ],
+    "mode": "orbit",
  },
  "fillStyle": "solid",
  "frameId": null,
@@ -154,7 +162,6 @@ exports[`Test Transform > Test arrow bindings > should bind arrows to existing s
  "id": Any<String>,
  "index": "a3",
  "isDeleted": false,
-  "lastCommittedPoint": null,
  "link": null,
  "locked": false,
  "opacity": 100,
@@ -174,8 +181,11 @@ exports[`Test Transform > Test arrow bindings > should bind arrows to existing s
  "startArrowhead": null,
  "startBinding": {
    "elementId": "diamond-1",
-    "focus": 0,
-    "gap": 4.535423522449215,
+    "fixedPoint": [
+      0.9357142857142857,
+      0.5001,
+    ],
+    "mode": "orbit",
  },
  "strokeColor": "#e67700",
  "strokeStyle": "solid",
@@ -334,8 +344,11 @@ exports[`Test Transform > Test arrow bindings > should bind arrows to existing t
  "endArrowhead": "arrow",
  "endBinding": {
    "elementId": "text-2",
-    "focus": 0,
-    "gap": 16,
+    "fixedPoint": [
+      -2.05,
+      0.5001,
+    ],
+    "mode": "orbit",
  },
  "fillStyle": "solid",
  "frameId": null,
@@ -344,7 +357,6 @@ exports[`Test Transform > Test arrow bindings > should bind arrows to existing t
  "id": Any<String>,
  "index": "a2",
  "isDeleted": false,
-  "lastCommittedPoint": null,
  "link": null,
  "locked": false,
  "opacity": 100,
@@ -364,8 +376,11 @@ exports[`Test Transform > Test arrow bindings > should bind arrows to existing t
  "startArrowhead": null,
  "startBinding": {
    "elementId": "text-1",
-    "focus": 0,
-    "gap": 1,
+    "fixedPoint": [
+      1,
+      0.5001,
+    ],
+    "mode": "orbit",
  },
  "strokeColor": "#1e1e1e",
  "strokeStyle": "solid",
@@ -436,8 +451,11 @@ exports[`Test Transform > Test arrow bindings > should bind arrows to shapes whe
  "endArrowhead": "arrow",
  "endBinding": {
    "elementId": "id42",
-    "focus": -0,
-    "gap": 1,
+    "fixedPoint": [
+      0,
+      0.5001,
+    ],
+    "mode": "orbit",
  },
  "fillStyle": "solid",
  "frameId": null,
@@ -446,7 +464,6 @@ exports[`Test Transform > Test arrow bindings > should bind arrows to shapes whe
  "id": Any<String>,
  "index": "a0",
  "isDeleted": false,
-  "lastCommittedPoint": null,
  "link": null,
  "locked": false,
  "opacity": 100,
@@ -466,8 +483,11 @@ exports[`Test Transform > Test arrow bindings > should bind arrows to shapes whe
  "startArrowhead": null,
  "startBinding": {
    "elementId": "id41",
-    "focus": 0,
-    "gap": 1,
+    "fixedPoint": [
+      1,
+      0.5001,
+    ],
+    "mode": "orbit",
  },
  "strokeColor": "#1e1e1e",
  "strokeStyle": "solid",
@@ -612,8 +632,11 @@ exports[`Test Transform > Test arrow bindings > should bind arrows to text when
  "endArrowhead": "arrow",
  "endBinding": {
    "elementId": "id46",
-    "focus": -0,
-    "gap": 1,
+    "fixedPoint": [
+      0,
+      0.5001,
+    ],
+    "mode": "orbit",
  },
  "fillStyle": "solid",
  "frameId": null,
@@ -622,7 +645,6 @@ exports[`Test Transform > Test arrow bindings > should bind arrows to text when
  "id": Any<String>,
  "index": "a0",
  "isDeleted": false,
-  "lastCommittedPoint": null,
  "link": null,
  "locked": false,
  "opacity": 100,
@@ -642,8 +664,11 @@ exports[`Test Transform > Test arrow bindings > should bind arrows to text when
  "startArrowhead": null,
  "startBinding": {
    "elementId": "id45",
-    "focus": 0,
-    "gap": 1,
+    "fixedPoint": [
+      1,
+      0.5001,
+    ],
+    "mode": "orbit",
  },
  "strokeColor": "#1e1e1e",
  "strokeStyle": "solid",
@@ -839,7 +864,6 @@ exports[`Test Transform > should transform linear elements 1`] = `
  "id": Any<String>,
  "index": "a0",
  "isDeleted": false,
-  "lastCommittedPoint": null,
  "link": null,
  "locked": false,
  "opacity": 100,
@@ -887,7 +911,6 @@ exports[`Test Transform > should transform linear elements 2`] = `
  "id": Any<String>,
  "index": "a1",
  "isDeleted": false,
-  "lastCommittedPoint": null,
  "link": null,
  "locked": false,
  "opacity": 100,
@@ -934,7 +957,6 @@ exports[`Test Transform > should transform linear elements 3`] = `
  "id": Any<String>,
  "index": "a2",
  "isDeleted": false,
-  "lastCommittedPoint": null,
  "link": null,
  "locked": false,
  "opacity": 100,
@@ -982,7 +1004,6 @@ exports[`Test Transform > should transform linear elements 4`] = `
  "id": Any<String>,
  "index": "a3",
  "isDeleted": false,
-  "lastCommittedPoint": null,
  "link": null,
  "locked": false,
  "opacity": 100,
@@ -1476,8 +1497,11 @@ exports[`Test Transform > should transform the elements correctly when linear el
  "endArrowhead": "arrow",
  "endBinding": {
    "elementId": "Alice",
-    "focus": -0,
-    "gap": 5.299874999999986,
+    "fixedPoint": [
+      -0.07542628418945944,
+      0.5001,
+    ],
+    "mode": "orbit",
  },
  "fillStyle": "solid",
  "frameId": null,
@@ -1486,7 +1510,6 @@ exports[`Test Transform > should transform the elements correctly when linear el
  "id": Any<String>,
  "index": "a4",
  "isDeleted": false,
-  "lastCommittedPoint": null,
  "link": null,
  "locked": false,
  "opacity": 100,
@@ -1508,8 +1531,11 @@ exports[`Test Transform > should transform the elements correctly when linear el
  "startArrowhead": null,
  "startBinding": {
    "elementId": "Bob",
-    "focus": 0,
-    "gap": 1,
+    "fixedPoint": [
+      1.000004978564514,
+      0.5001,
+    ],
+    "mode": "orbit",
  },
  "strokeColor": "#1e1e1e",
  "strokeStyle": "solid",
@@ -1539,8 +1565,11 @@ exports[`Test Transform > should transform the elements correctly when linear el
  "endArrowhead": "arrow",
  "endBinding": {
    "elementId": "B",
-    "focus": 0,
-    "gap": 32,
+    "fixedPoint": [
+      0.46387050630528887,
+      0.48466257668711654,
+    ],
+    "mode": "orbit",
  },
  "fillStyle": "solid",
  "frameId": null,
@@ -1549,7 +1578,6 @@ exports[`Test Transform > should transform the elements correctly when linear el
  "id": Any<String>,
  "index": "a5",
  "isDeleted": false,
-  "lastCommittedPoint": null,
  "link": null,
  "locked": false,
  "opacity": 100,
@@ -1567,8 +1595,11 @@ exports[`Test Transform > should transform the elements correctly when linear el
  "startArrowhead": null,
  "startBinding": {
    "elementId": "Bob",
-    "focus": 0,
-    "gap": 1,
+    "fixedPoint": [
+      0.39381496335223337,
+      1,
+    ],
+    "mode": "orbit",
  },
  "strokeColor": "#1e1e1e",
  "strokeStyle": "solid",
@@ -1858,7 +1889,6 @@ exports[`Test Transform > should transform to labelled arrows when label provide
  "id": Any<String>,
  "index": "a0",
  "isDeleted": false,
-  "lastCommittedPoint": null,
  "link": null,
  "locked": false,
  "opacity": 100,
@@ -1911,7 +1941,6 @@ exports[`Test Transform > should transform to labelled arrows when label provide
  "id": Any<String>,
  "index": "a1",
  "isDeleted": false,
-  "lastCommittedPoint": null,
  "link": null,
  "locked": false,
  "opacity": 100,
@@ -1964,7 +1993,6 @@ exports[`Test Transform > should transform to labelled arrows when label provide
  "id": Any<String>,
  "index": "a2",
  "isDeleted": false,
-  "lastCommittedPoint": null,
  "link": null,
  "locked": false,
  "opacity": 100,
@@ -2017,7 +2045,6 @@ exports[`Test Transform > should transform to labelled arrows when label provide
  "id": Any<String>,
  "index": "a3",
  "isDeleted": false,
-  "lastCommittedPoint": null,
  "link": null,
  "locked": false,
  "opacity": 100,
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 import { pointFrom } from "@excalidraw/math";
 import { vi } from "vitest";

-import type { ExcalidrawArrowElement } from "@excalidraw/element/types";
+import {
+  convertToExcalidrawElements,
+  type ExcalidrawElementSkeleton,
+} from "../transform";

-import { convertToExcalidrawElements } from "./transform";
-
-import type { ExcalidrawElementSkeleton } from "./transform";
+import type { ExcalidrawArrowElement } from "../types";

 const opts = { regenerateIds: false };

@@ -432,12 +433,9 @@ describe("Test Transform", () => {
        boundElements: [{ id: text.id, type: "text" }],
        startBinding: {
          elementId: rectangle.id,
-          focus: 0,
-          gap: 1,
        },
        endBinding: {
          elementId: ellipse.id,
-          focus: -0,
        },
      });

@@ -517,12 +515,9 @@ describe("Test Transform", () => {
        boundElements: [{ id: text1.id, type: "text" }],
        startBinding: {
          elementId: text2.id,
-          focus: 0,
-          gap: 1,
        },
        endBinding: {
          elementId: text3.id,
-          focus: -0,
        },
      });

@@ -780,8 +775,8 @@ describe("Test Transform", () => {
      const [arrow, rect] = excalidrawElements;
      expect((arrow as ExcalidrawArrowElement).endBinding).toStrictEqual({
        elementId: "rect-1",
-        focus: -0,
-        gap: 25,
+        fixedPoint: [-2.05, 0.5001],
+        mode: "orbit",
      });
      expect(rect.boundElements).toStrictEqual([
        {
@@ -0,0 +1,558 @@
+import { pointDistance, pointFrom, type GlobalPoint } from "@excalidraw/math";
+import { invariant } from "@excalidraw/common";
+
+import type { AppState, NullableGridSize } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/types";
+
+import {
+  bindBindingElement,
+  calculateFixedPointForNonElbowArrowBinding,
+  FOCUS_POINT_SIZE,
+  getBindingGap,
+  getGlobalFixedPointForBindableElement,
+  isBindingEnabled,
+  maxBindingDistance_simple,
+  unbindBindingElement,
+  updateBoundPoint,
+} from "../binding";
+import {
+  isBindableElement,
+  isBindingElement,
+  isElbowArrow,
+} from "../typeChecks";
+import { LinearElementEditor } from "../linearElementEditor";
+import { getHoveredElementForFocusPoint, hitElementItself } from "../collision";
+import { moveArrowAboveBindable } from "../zindex";
+
+import type {
+  ElementsMap,
+  ExcalidrawArrowElement,
+  ExcalidrawBindableElement,
+  NonDeletedSceneElementsMap,
+  PointsPositionUpdates,
+} from "../types";
+
+import type { Scene } from "../Scene";
+
+export const isFocusPointVisible = (
+  focusPoint: GlobalPoint,
+  arrow: ExcalidrawArrowElement,
+  bindableElement: ExcalidrawBindableElement,
+  elementsMap: ElementsMap,
+  appState: {
+    isBindingEnabled: AppState["isBindingEnabled"];
+    zoom: AppState["zoom"];
+  },
+  startOrEnd: "start" | "end",
+  ignoreOverlap = false,
+): boolean => {
+  // No focus point management for elbow arrows, because elbow arrows
+  // always have their focus point at the arrow point itself
+  if (
+    isElbowArrow(arrow) ||
+    !isBindingEnabled(appState) ||
+    arrow.points.length !== 2
+  ) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // Avoid showing the focus point indicator if the focus point is essentially
+  // on top of the arrow point it belongs to itself, if not ignoring specifically
+  if (!ignoreOverlap) {
+    const associatedPointIdx =
+      arrow.startBinding?.elementId === bindableElement.id
+        ? 0
+        : arrow.points.length - 1;
+    const associatedArrowPoint =
+      LinearElementEditor.getPointAtIndexGlobalCoordinates(
+        arrow,
+        associatedPointIdx,
+        elementsMap,
+      );
+
+    if (
+      pointDistance(focusPoint, associatedArrowPoint) <
+      (FOCUS_POINT_SIZE * 1.5) / appState.zoom.value
+    ) {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  const arrowPoint = LinearElementEditor.getPointAtIndexGlobalCoordinates(
+    arrow,
+    startOrEnd === "end" ? arrow.points.length - 1 : 0,
+    elementsMap,
+  );
+
+  // Check if the focus point is within the element's shape bounds
+  // Endpoint dragging takes precedence
+  return (
+    pointDistance(focusPoint, arrowPoint) >=
+      (FOCUS_POINT_SIZE * 1.5) / appState.zoom.value &&
+    hitElementItself({
+      element: bindableElement,
+      elementsMap,
+      point: focusPoint,
+      threshold: getBindingGap(bindableElement, arrow),
+      overrideShouldTestInside: true,
+    })
+  );
+};
+
+// Updates the arrow endpoints in "orbit" configuration
+const focusPointUpdate = (
+  arrow: ExcalidrawArrowElement,
+  bindableElement: ExcalidrawBindableElement | null,
+  isStartBinding: boolean,
+  elementsMap: NonDeletedSceneElementsMap,
+  scene: Scene,
+  appState: AppState,
+  switchToInsideBinding: boolean,
+) => {
+  const pointUpdates = new Map();
+
+  const bindingField = isStartBinding ? "startBinding" : "endBinding";
+  const adjacentBindingField = isStartBinding ? "endBinding" : "startBinding";
+  let currentBinding = arrow[bindingField];
+  let adjacentBinding = arrow[adjacentBindingField];
+
+  // Update the dragged focus point related end
+  if (currentBinding && bindableElement) {
+    // Update the targeted bindings
+    const boundToSameElement =
+      bindableElement &&
+      adjacentBinding &&
+      currentBinding.elementId === adjacentBinding.elementId;
+    if (switchToInsideBinding || boundToSameElement) {
+      currentBinding = {
+        ...currentBinding,
+        mode: "inside",
+      };
+    } else {
+      currentBinding = {
+        ...currentBinding,
+        mode: "orbit",
+      };
+    }
+
+    const pointIndex = isStartBinding ? 0 : arrow.points.length - 1;
+    const newPoint = updateBoundPoint(
+      arrow,
+      bindingField as "startBinding" | "endBinding",
+      currentBinding,
+      bindableElement,
+      elementsMap,
+      true,
+    );
+
+    if (newPoint) {
+      pointUpdates.set(pointIndex, { point: newPoint });
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Also update the adjacent end if it has a binding
+  if (adjacentBinding && adjacentBinding.mode === "orbit") {
+    const adjacentBindableElement = elementsMap.get(
+      adjacentBinding.elementId,
+    ) as ExcalidrawBindableElement;
+
+    if (
+      adjacentBindableElement &&
+      isBindableElement(adjacentBindableElement) &&
+      isBindingEnabled(appState)
+    ) {
+      // Same shape bound on both ends
+      const boundToSameElementAfterUpdate =
+        bindableElement && adjacentBinding.elementId === bindableElement.id;
+      if (switchToInsideBinding || boundToSameElementAfterUpdate) {
+        adjacentBinding = {
+          ...adjacentBinding,
+          mode: "inside",
+        };
+      } else {
+        adjacentBinding = {
+          ...adjacentBinding,
+          mode: "orbit",
+        };
+      }
+
+      const adjacentPointIndex = isStartBinding ? arrow.points.length - 1 : 0;
+      const adjacentNewPoint = updateBoundPoint(
+        arrow,
+        adjacentBindingField,
+        adjacentBinding,
+        adjacentBindableElement,
+        elementsMap,
+      );
+
+      if (adjacentNewPoint) {
+        pointUpdates.set(adjacentPointIndex, {
+          point: adjacentNewPoint,
+        });
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (pointUpdates.size > 0) {
+    LinearElementEditor.movePoints(arrow, scene, pointUpdates, {
+      [bindingField]: currentBinding,
+      [adjacentBindingField]: adjacentBinding,
+    });
+  }
+};
+
+export const handleFocusPointDrag = (
+  linearElementEditor: LinearElementEditor,
+  elementsMap: NonDeletedSceneElementsMap,
+  pointerCoords: { x: number; y: number },
+  scene: Scene,
+  appState: AppState,
+  gridSize: NullableGridSize,
+  switchToInsideBinding: boolean,
+) => {
+  const arrow = LinearElementEditor.getElement(
+    linearElementEditor.elementId,
+    elementsMap,
+  ) as any;
+
+  // Sanity checks
+  if (
+    !arrow ||
+    !isBindingElement(arrow) ||
+    isElbowArrow(arrow) ||
+    !linearElementEditor.hoveredFocusPointBinding ||
+    !linearElementEditor.draggedFocusPointBinding
+  ) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  const isStartBinding =
+    linearElementEditor.draggedFocusPointBinding === "start";
+  const binding = isStartBinding ? arrow.startBinding : arrow.endBinding;
+  const { x: offsetX, y: offsetY } = linearElementEditor.pointerOffset;
+  const point = pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(
+    pointerCoords.x - offsetX,
+    pointerCoords.y - offsetY,
+  );
+  const bindingField = isStartBinding ? "startBinding" : "endBinding";
+  const hit = getHoveredElementForFocusPoint(
+    point,
+    arrow,
+    scene.getNonDeletedElements(),
+    elementsMap,
+    maxBindingDistance_simple(appState.zoom),
+  );
+
+  // Hovering a bindable element
+  if (hit && isBindingEnabled(appState)) {
+    // Break existing binding if bound to another shape or if binding is disabled
+    if (arrow[bindingField] && hit.id !== binding?.elementId) {
+      unbindBindingElement(
+        arrow,
+        linearElementEditor.draggedFocusPointBinding,
+        scene,
+      );
+    }
+
+    // Handle binding mode switch
+    const newMode =
+      switchToInsideBinding && arrow[bindingField]?.mode === "orbit"
+        ? "inside"
+        : !switchToInsideBinding && arrow[bindingField]?.mode === "inside"
+        ? "orbit"
+        : null;
+
+    // If no existing binding, create it
+    if (!arrow[bindingField] || newMode) {
+      // Create a new binding if none exists
+      bindBindingElement(
+        arrow,
+        hit,
+        newMode || "orbit",
+        linearElementEditor.draggedFocusPointBinding,
+        scene,
+        point,
+      );
+    }
+
+    // Update the binding's fixed point
+    scene.mutateElement(arrow, {
+      [bindingField]: {
+        ...arrow[bindingField],
+        elementId: hit.id,
+        mode: newMode || arrow[bindingField]?.mode || "orbit",
+        ...calculateFixedPointForNonElbowArrowBinding(
+          arrow,
+          hit,
+          linearElementEditor.draggedFocusPointBinding,
+          elementsMap,
+          point,
+        ),
+      },
+    });
+  } else {
+    // Not hovering any bindable element, move the arrow endpoint
+    const pointUpdates: PointsPositionUpdates = new Map();
+    const pointIndex = isStartBinding ? 0 : arrow.points.length - 1;
+    pointUpdates.set(pointIndex, {
+      point: LinearElementEditor.createPointAt(
+        arrow,
+        elementsMap,
+        point[0],
+        point[1],
+        gridSize,
+      ),
+    });
+    LinearElementEditor.movePoints(arrow, scene, pointUpdates);
+    if (arrow[bindingField]) {
+      unbindBindingElement(arrow, isStartBinding ? "start" : "end", scene);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Update the arrow endpoints
+  focusPointUpdate(
+    arrow,
+    hit,
+    isStartBinding,
+    elementsMap,
+    scene,
+    appState,
+    switchToInsideBinding,
+  );
+
+  if (hit && isBindingEnabled(appState)) {
+    moveArrowAboveBindable(
+      point,
+      arrow,
+      scene.getElementsIncludingDeleted(),
+      elementsMap,
+      scene,
+      hit,
+    );
+  }
+};
+
+export const handleFocusPointPointerDown = (
+  arrow: ExcalidrawArrowElement,
+  pointerDownState: { origin: { x: number; y: number } },
+  elementsMap: NonDeletedSceneElementsMap,
+  appState: AppState,
+): {
+  hitFocusPoint: "start" | "end" | null;
+  pointerOffset: { x: number; y: number };
+} => {
+  const pointerPos = pointFrom(
+    pointerDownState.origin.x,
+    pointerDownState.origin.y,
+  );
+  const hitThreshold = (FOCUS_POINT_SIZE * 1.5) / appState.zoom.value;
+
+  // Check start binding focus point
+  if (arrow.startBinding?.elementId) {
+    const bindableElement = elementsMap.get(arrow.startBinding.elementId);
+    if (
+      bindableElement &&
+      isBindableElement(bindableElement) &&
+      !bindableElement.isDeleted
+    ) {
+      const focusPoint = getGlobalFixedPointForBindableElement(
+        arrow.startBinding.fixedPoint,
+        bindableElement,
+        elementsMap,
+      );
+      if (
+        isFocusPointVisible(
+          focusPoint,
+          arrow,
+          bindableElement,
+          elementsMap,
+          appState,
+          "start",
+        ) &&
+        pointDistance(pointerPos, focusPoint) <= hitThreshold
+      ) {
+        return {
+          hitFocusPoint: "start",
+          pointerOffset: {
+            x: pointerPos[0] - focusPoint[0],
+            y: pointerPos[1] - focusPoint[1],
+          },
+        };
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Check end binding focus point (only if start not already hit)
+  if (arrow.endBinding?.elementId) {
+    const bindableElement = elementsMap.get(arrow.endBinding.elementId);
+    if (
+      bindableElement &&
+      isBindableElement(bindableElement) &&
+      !bindableElement.isDeleted
+    ) {
+      const focusPoint = getGlobalFixedPointForBindableElement(
+        arrow.endBinding.fixedPoint,
+        bindableElement,
+        elementsMap,
+      );
+      if (
+        isFocusPointVisible(
+          focusPoint,
+          arrow,
+          bindableElement,
+          elementsMap,
+          appState,
+          "end",
+        ) &&
+        pointDistance(pointerPos, focusPoint) <= hitThreshold
+      ) {
+        return {
+          hitFocusPoint: "end",
+          pointerOffset: {
+            x: pointerPos[0] - focusPoint[0],
+            y: pointerPos[1] - focusPoint[1],
+          },
+        };
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return {
+    hitFocusPoint: null,
+    pointerOffset: { x: 0, y: 0 },
+  };
+};
+
+export const handleFocusPointPointerUp = (
+  linearElementEditor: LinearElementEditor,
+  scene: Scene,
+) => {
+  invariant(
+    linearElementEditor.draggedFocusPointBinding,
+    "Must have a dragged focus point at pointer release",
+  );
+
+  const arrow = LinearElementEditor.getElement<ExcalidrawArrowElement>(
+    linearElementEditor.elementId,
+    scene.getNonDeletedElementsMap(),
+  );
+  invariant(arrow, "Arrow must be in the scene");
+
+  // Clean up
+  const bindingKey =
+    linearElementEditor.draggedFocusPointBinding === "start"
+      ? "startBinding"
+      : "endBinding";
+  const otherBindingKey =
+    linearElementEditor.draggedFocusPointBinding === "start"
+      ? "endBinding"
+      : "startBinding";
+  const boundElementId = arrow[bindingKey]?.elementId;
+  const otherBoundElementId = arrow[otherBindingKey]?.elementId;
+  const oldBoundElement =
+    boundElementId &&
+    scene
+      .getNonDeletedElements()
+      .find(
+        (element) =>
+          element.id !== boundElementId &&
+          element.id !== otherBoundElementId &&
+          isBindableElement(element) &&
+          element.boundElements?.find(({ id }) => id === arrow.id),
+      );
+  if (oldBoundElement) {
+    scene.mutateElement(oldBoundElement, {
+      boundElements: oldBoundElement.boundElements?.filter(
+        ({ id }) => id !== arrow.id,
+      ),
+    });
+  }
+
+  // Record the new bound element
+  const boundElement =
+    boundElementId && scene.getNonDeletedElementsMap().get(boundElementId);
+  if (boundElement) {
+    scene.mutateElement(boundElement, {
+      boundElements: [
+        ...(boundElement.boundElements || [])?.filter(
+          ({ id }) => id !== arrow.id,
+        ),
+        {
+          id: arrow.id,
+          type: "arrow",
+        },
+      ],
+    });
+  }
+};
+
+export const handleFocusPointHover = (
+  arrow: ExcalidrawArrowElement,
+  scenePointerX: number,
+  scenePointerY: number,
+  scene: Scene,
+  appState: AppState,
+): "start" | "end" | null => {
+  const elementsMap = scene.getNonDeletedElementsMap();
+  const pointerPos = pointFrom(scenePointerX, scenePointerY);
+  const hitThreshold = (FOCUS_POINT_SIZE * 1.5) / appState.zoom.value;
+
+  // Check start binding focus point
+  if (arrow.startBinding?.elementId) {
+    const bindableElement = elementsMap.get(arrow.startBinding.elementId);
+    if (
+      bindableElement &&
+      isBindableElement(bindableElement) &&
+      !bindableElement.isDeleted
+    ) {
+      const focusPoint = getGlobalFixedPointForBindableElement(
+        arrow.startBinding.fixedPoint,
+        bindableElement,
+        elementsMap,
+      );
+      if (
+        isFocusPointVisible(
+          focusPoint,
+          arrow,
+          bindableElement,
+          elementsMap,
+          appState,
+          "start",
+        ) &&
+        pointDistance(pointerPos, focusPoint) <= hitThreshold
+      ) {
+        return "start";
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Check end binding focus point (only if start not already hovered)
+  if (arrow.endBinding?.elementId) {
+    const bindableElement = elementsMap.get(arrow.endBinding.elementId);
+    if (
+      bindableElement &&
+      isBindableElement(bindableElement) &&
+      !bindableElement.isDeleted
+    ) {
+      const focusPoint = getGlobalFixedPointForBindableElement(
+        arrow.endBinding.fixedPoint,
+        bindableElement,
+        elementsMap,
+      );
+      if (
+        isFocusPointVisible(
+          focusPoint,
+          arrow,
+          bindableElement,
+          elementsMap,
+          appState,
+          "end",
+        ) &&
+        pointDistance(pointerPos, focusPoint) <= hitThreshold
+      ) {
+        return "end";
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return null;
+};
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+import type { App } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/types";
+
+import { LinearElementEditor } from "../linearElementEditor";
+
+import { handleFocusPointDrag } from "./focus";
+
+export const maybeHandleArrowPointlikeDrag = ({
+  app,
+  event,
+}: {
+  app: App;
+  event: KeyboardEvent | React.KeyboardEvent<Element> | PointerEvent;
+}): boolean => {
+  const appState = app.state;
+  if (appState.selectedLinearElement && app.lastPointerMoveCoords) {
+    // Update focus point status if the binding mode is changing
+    if (appState.selectedLinearElement.draggedFocusPointBinding) {
+      handleFocusPointDrag(
+        appState.selectedLinearElement,
+        app.scene.getNonDeletedElementsMap(),
+        app.lastPointerMoveCoords,
+        app.scene,
+        appState,
+        app.getEffectiveGridSize(),
+        event.altKey,
+      );
+      return true;
+    } else if (
+      appState.selectedLinearElement.hoverPointIndex !== null &&
+      app.lastPointerMoveEvent &&
+      appState.selectedLinearElement.initialState.lastClickedPoint >= 0 &&
+      appState.selectedLinearElement.isDragging
+    ) {
+      LinearElementEditor.handlePointDragging(
+        app.lastPointerMoveEvent,
+        app,
+        app.lastPointerMoveCoords.x,
+        app.lastPointerMoveCoords.y,
+        appState.selectedLinearElement,
+      );
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+};
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import rough from "roughjs/bin/rough";

 import {
  arrayToMap,
+  type Bounds,
  invariant,
  rescalePoints,
  sizeOf,
@@ -42,6 +43,7 @@ import {
  isBoundToContainer,
  isFreeDrawElement,
  isLinearElement,
+  isLineElement,
  isTextElement,
 } from "./typeChecks";

@@ -77,16 +79,6 @@ export type RectangleBox = {

 type MaybeQuadraticSolution = [number | null, number | null] | false;

-/**
- * x and y position of top left corner, x and y position of bottom right corner
- */
-export type Bounds = readonly [
-  minX: number,
-  minY: number,
-  maxX: number,
-  maxY: number,
-];
-
 export type SceneBounds = readonly [
  sceneX: number,
  sceneY: number,
@@ -321,19 +313,42 @@ export const getElementLineSegments = (

  if (shape.type === "polycurve") {
    const curves = shape.data;
-    const points = curves
-      .map((curve) => pointsOnBezierCurves(curve, 10))
-      .flat();
-    let i = 0;
+    const pointsOnCurves = curves.map((curve) =>
+      pointsOnBezierCurves(curve, 10),
+    );
+
    const segments: LineSegment<GlobalPoint>[] = [];
-    while (i < points.length - 1) {
-      segments.push(
-        lineSegment(
-          pointFrom(points[i][0], points[i][1]),
-          pointFrom(points[i + 1][0], points[i + 1][1]),
-        ),
-      );
-      i++;
+
+    if (
+      (isLineElement(element) && !element.polygon) ||
+      isArrowElement(element)
+    ) {
+      for (const points of pointsOnCurves) {
+        let i = 0;
+
+        while (i < points.length - 1) {
+          segments.push(
+            lineSegment(
+              pointFrom(points[i][0], points[i][1]),
+              pointFrom(points[i + 1][0], points[i + 1][1]),
+            ),
+          );
+          i++;
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      const points = pointsOnCurves.flat();
+      let i = 0;
+
+      while (i < points.length - 1) {
+        segments.push(
+          lineSegment(
+            pointFrom(points[i][0], points[i][1]),
+            pointFrom(points[i + 1][0], points[i + 1][1]),
+          ),
+        );
+        i++;
+      }
    }

    return segments;
@@ -882,6 +897,7 @@ export const getArrowheadPoints = (
  return [x2, y2, x3, y3, x4, y4];
 };

+// TODO reuse shape.ts
 const generateLinearElementShape = (
  element: ExcalidrawLinearElement,
 ): Drawable => {
@@ -939,7 +955,7 @@ const getLinearElementRotatedBounds = (
  }

  // first element is always the curve
-  const cachedShape = ShapeCache.get(element)?.[0];
+  const cachedShape = ShapeCache.get(element, null)?.[0];
  const shape = cachedShape ?? generateLinearElementShape(element);
  const ops = getCurvePathOps(shape);
  const transformXY = ([x, y]: GlobalPoint) =>
@@ -1126,7 +1142,9 @@ export interface BoundingBox {
 }

 export const getCommonBoundingBox = (
-  elements: ExcalidrawElement[] | readonly NonDeleted<ExcalidrawElement>[],
+  elements:
+    | readonly ExcalidrawElement[]
+    | readonly NonDeleted<ExcalidrawElement>[],
 ): BoundingBox => {
  const [minX, minY, maxX, maxY] = getCommonBounds(elements);
  return {
@@ -1250,6 +1268,13 @@ export const elementCenterPoint = (
  xOffset: number = 0,
  yOffset: number = 0,
 ) => {
+  if (isLinearElement(element)) {
+    const [x1, y1, x2, y2] = getElementAbsoluteCoords(element, elementsMap);
+    const [x, y] = pointFrom<GlobalPoint>((x1 + x2) / 2, (y1 + y2) / 2);
+
+    return pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(x + xOffset, y + yOffset);
+  }
+
  const [x, y] = getCenterForBounds(getElementBounds(element, elementsMap));

  return pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(x + xOffset, y + yOffset);
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { isTransparent } from "@excalidraw/common";
+import { invariant, isTransparent, type Bounds } from "@excalidraw/common";
 import {
  curveIntersectLineSegment,
  isPointWithinBounds,
@@ -29,15 +29,18 @@ import type { FrameNameBounds } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/types";

 import { isPathALoop } from "./utils";
 import {
-  type Bounds,
  doBoundsIntersect,
  elementCenterPoint,
  getCenterForBounds,
  getCubicBezierCurveBound,
+  getDiamondPoints,
  getElementBounds,
+  pointInsideBounds,
 } from "./bounds";
 import {
  hasBoundTextElement,
+  isBindableElement,
+  isFrameLikeElement,
  isFreeDrawElement,
  isIframeLikeElement,
  isImageElement,
@@ -56,14 +59,22 @@ import { LinearElementEditor } from "./linearElementEditor";

 import { distanceToElement } from "./distance";

+import { getBindingGap } from "./binding";
+
 import type {
  ElementsMap,
+  ExcalidrawArrowElement,
+  ExcalidrawBindableElement,
  ExcalidrawDiamondElement,
  ExcalidrawElement,
  ExcalidrawEllipseElement,
  ExcalidrawFreeDrawElement,
  ExcalidrawLinearElement,
  ExcalidrawRectanguloidElement,
+  NonDeleted,
+  NonDeletedExcalidrawElement,
+  NonDeletedSceneElementsMap,
+  Ordered,
 } from "./types";

 export const shouldTestInside = (element: ExcalidrawElement) => {
@@ -94,15 +105,41 @@ export type HitTestArgs = {
  threshold: number;
  elementsMap: ElementsMap;
  frameNameBound?: FrameNameBounds | null;
+  overrideShouldTestInside?: boolean;
 };

+let cachedPoint: GlobalPoint | null = null;
+let cachedElement: WeakRef<ExcalidrawElement> | null = null;
+let cachedThreshold: number = Infinity;
+let cachedHit: boolean = false;
+let cachedOverrideShouldTestInside = false;
+
 export const hitElementItself = ({
  point,
  element,
  threshold,
  elementsMap,
  frameNameBound = null,
+  overrideShouldTestInside = false,
 }: HitTestArgs) => {
+  // Return cached result if the same point and element version is tested again
+  if (
+    cachedPoint &&
+    pointsEqual(point, cachedPoint) &&
+    cachedThreshold <= threshold &&
+    overrideShouldTestInside === cachedOverrideShouldTestInside
+  ) {
+    const derefElement = cachedElement?.deref();
+    if (
+      derefElement &&
+      derefElement.id === element.id &&
+      derefElement.version === element.version &&
+      derefElement.versionNonce === element.versionNonce
+    ) {
+      return cachedHit;
+    }
+  }
+
  // Hit test against a frame's name
  const hitFrameName = frameNameBound
    ? isPointWithinBounds(
@@ -134,14 +171,25 @@ export const hitElementItself = ({
  }

  // Do the precise (and relatively costly) hit test
-  const hitElement = shouldTestInside(element)
+  const hitElement = (
+    overrideShouldTestInside ? true : shouldTestInside(element)
+  )
    ? // Since `inShape` tests STRICTLY againt the insides of a shape
      // we would need `onShape` as well to include the "borders"
      isPointInElement(point, element, elementsMap) ||
      isPointOnElementOutline(point, element, elementsMap, threshold)
    : isPointOnElementOutline(point, element, elementsMap, threshold);

-  return hitElement || hitFrameName;
+  const result = hitElement || hitFrameName;
+
+  // Cache end result
+  cachedPoint = point;
+  cachedElement = new WeakRef(element);
+  cachedThreshold = threshold;
+  cachedOverrideShouldTestInside = overrideShouldTestInside;
+  cachedHit = result;
+
+  return result;
 };

 export const hitElementBoundingBox = (
@@ -193,6 +241,166 @@ export const hitElementBoundText = (
  return isPointInElement(point, boundTextElement, elementsMap);
 };

+const bindingBorderTest = (
+  element: NonDeleted<ExcalidrawBindableElement>,
+  [x, y]: Readonly<GlobalPoint>,
+  elementsMap: NonDeletedSceneElementsMap,
+  tolerance: number = 0,
+): boolean => {
+  const p = pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(x, y);
+  const shouldTestInside =
+    // disable fullshape snapping for frame elements so we
+    // can bind to frame children
+    !isFrameLikeElement(element);
+
+  // PERF: Run a cheap test to see if the binding element
+  // is even close to the element
+  const t = Math.max(1, tolerance);
+  const bounds = [x - t, y - t, x + t, y + t] as Bounds;
+  const elementBounds = getElementBounds(element, elementsMap);
+  if (!doBoundsIntersect(bounds, elementBounds)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // If the element is inside a frame, we should clip the element
+  if (element.frameId) {
+    const enclosingFrame = elementsMap.get(element.frameId);
+    if (enclosingFrame && isFrameLikeElement(enclosingFrame)) {
+      const enclosingFrameBounds = getElementBounds(
+        enclosingFrame,
+        elementsMap,
+      );
+      if (!pointInsideBounds(p, enclosingFrameBounds)) {
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Do the intersection test against the element since it's close enough
+  const intersections = intersectElementWithLineSegment(
+    element,
+    elementsMap,
+    lineSegment(elementCenterPoint(element, elementsMap), p),
+  );
+  const distance = distanceToElement(element, elementsMap, p);
+
+  return shouldTestInside
+    ? intersections.length === 0 || distance <= tolerance
+    : intersections.length > 0 && distance <= t;
+};
+
+export const getAllHoveredElementAtPoint = (
+  point: Readonly<GlobalPoint>,
+  elements: readonly Ordered<NonDeletedExcalidrawElement>[],
+  elementsMap: NonDeletedSceneElementsMap,
+  tolerance?: number,
+): NonDeleted<ExcalidrawBindableElement>[] => {
+  const candidateElements: NonDeleted<ExcalidrawBindableElement>[] = [];
+  // We need to to hit testing from front (end of the array) to back (beginning of the array)
+  // because array is ordered from lower z-index to highest and we want element z-index
+  // with higher z-index
+  for (let index = elements.length - 1; index >= 0; --index) {
+    const element = elements[index];
+
+    invariant(
+      !element.isDeleted,
+      "Elements in the function parameter for getAllElementsAtPositionForBinding() should not contain deleted elements",
+    );
+
+    if (
+      isBindableElement(element, false) &&
+      bindingBorderTest(element, point, elementsMap, tolerance)
+    ) {
+      candidateElements.push(element);
+
+      if (!isTransparent(element.backgroundColor)) {
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return candidateElements;
+};
+
+export const getHoveredElementForBinding = (
+  point: Readonly<GlobalPoint>,
+  elements: readonly Ordered<NonDeletedExcalidrawElement>[],
+  elementsMap: NonDeletedSceneElementsMap,
+  tolerance?: number,
+): NonDeleted<ExcalidrawBindableElement> | null => {
+  const candidateElements = getAllHoveredElementAtPoint(
+    point,
+    elements,
+    elementsMap,
+    tolerance,
+  );
+
+  if (!candidateElements || candidateElements.length === 0) {
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  if (candidateElements.length === 1) {
+    return candidateElements[0];
+  }
+
+  // Prefer smaller shapes
+  return candidateElements
+    .sort(
+      (a, b) => b.width ** 2 + b.height ** 2 - (a.width ** 2 + a.height ** 2),
+    )
+    .pop() as NonDeleted<ExcalidrawBindableElement>;
+};
+
+export const getHoveredElementForFocusPoint = (
+  point: GlobalPoint,
+  arrow: ExcalidrawArrowElement,
+  elements: readonly Ordered<NonDeletedExcalidrawElement>[],
+  elementsMap: NonDeletedSceneElementsMap,
+  tolerance?: number,
+): ExcalidrawBindableElement | null => {
+  const candidateElements: NonDeleted<ExcalidrawBindableElement>[] = [];
+  // We need to to hit testing from front (end of the array) to back (beginning of the array)
+  // because array is ordered from lower z-index to highest and we want element z-index
+  // with higher z-index
+  for (let index = elements.length - 1; index >= 0; --index) {
+    const element = elements[index];
+
+    invariant(
+      !element.isDeleted,
+      "Elements in the function parameter for getAllElementsAtPositionForBinding() should not contain deleted elements",
+    );
+
+    if (
+      isBindableElement(element, false) &&
+      bindingBorderTest(element, point, elementsMap, tolerance)
+    ) {
+      candidateElements.push(element);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (!candidateElements || candidateElements.length === 0) {
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  if (candidateElements.length === 1) {
+    return candidateElements[0];
+  }
+
+  const distanceFilteredCandidateElements = candidateElements
+    // Resolve by distance
+    .filter(
+      (el) =>
+        distanceToElement(el, elementsMap, point) <= getBindingGap(el, arrow) ||
+        isPointInElement(point, el, elementsMap),
+    );
+
+  if (distanceFilteredCandidateElements.length === 0) {
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  return distanceFilteredCandidateElements[0] as NonDeleted<ExcalidrawBindableElement>;
+};
+
 /**
 * Intersect a line with an element for binding test
 *
@@ -554,3 +762,61 @@ export const isPointInElement = (

  return intersections.length % 2 === 1;
 };
+
+export const isBindableElementInsideOtherBindable = (
+  innerElement: ExcalidrawBindableElement,
+  outerElement: ExcalidrawBindableElement,
+  elementsMap: ElementsMap,
+): boolean => {
+  // Get corner points of the inner element based on its type
+  const getCornerPoints = (
+    element: ExcalidrawElement,
+    offset: number,
+  ): GlobalPoint[] => {
+    const { x, y, width, height, angle } = element;
+    const center = elementCenterPoint(element, elementsMap);
+
+    if (element.type === "diamond") {
+      // Diamond has 4 corner points at the middle of each side
+      const [topX, topY, rightX, rightY, bottomX, bottomY, leftX, leftY] =
+        getDiamondPoints(element);
+      const corners: GlobalPoint[] = [
+        pointFrom(x + topX, y + topY - offset), // top
+        pointFrom(x + rightX + offset, y + rightY), // right
+        pointFrom(x + bottomX, y + bottomY + offset), // bottom
+        pointFrom(x + leftX - offset, y + leftY), // left
+      ];
+      return corners.map((corner) => pointRotateRads(corner, center, angle));
+    }
+    if (element.type === "ellipse") {
+      // For ellipse, test points at the extremes (top, right, bottom, left)
+      const cx = x + width / 2;
+      const cy = y + height / 2;
+      const rx = width / 2;
+      const ry = height / 2;
+      const corners: GlobalPoint[] = [
+        pointFrom(cx, cy - ry - offset), // top
+        pointFrom(cx + rx + offset, cy), // right
+        pointFrom(cx, cy + ry + offset), // bottom
+        pointFrom(cx - rx - offset, cy), // left
+      ];
+      return corners.map((corner) => pointRotateRads(corner, center, angle));
+    }
+    // Rectangle and other rectangular shapes (image, text, etc.)
+    const corners: GlobalPoint[] = [
+      pointFrom(x - offset, y - offset), // top-left
+      pointFrom(x + width + offset, y - offset), // top-right
+      pointFrom(x + width + offset, y + height + offset), // bottom-right
+      pointFrom(x - offset, y + height + offset), // bottom-left
+    ];
+    return corners.map((corner) => pointRotateRads(corner, center, angle));
+  };
+
+  const offset = (-1 * Math.max(innerElement.width, innerElement.height)) / 20; // 5% offset
+  const innerCorners = getCornerPoints(innerElement, offset);
+
+  // Check if all corner points of the inner element are inside the outer element
+  return innerCorners.every((corner) =>
+    isPointInElement(corner, outerElement, elementsMap),
+  );
+};
@@ -10,7 +10,14 @@ export const hasBackground = (type: ElementOrToolType) =>
  type === "freedraw";

 export const hasStrokeColor = (type: ElementOrToolType) =>
-  type !== "image" && type !== "frame" && type !== "magicframe";
+  type === "rectangle" ||
+  type === "ellipse" ||
+  type === "diamond" ||
+  type === "freedraw" ||
+  type === "arrow" ||
+  type === "line" ||
+  type === "text" ||
+  type === "embeddable";

 export const hasStrokeWidth = (type: ElementOrToolType) =>
  type === "rectangle" ||
@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 import type { AppState } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/types";

+import { updateBoundElements } from "./binding";
 import { getCommonBoundingBox } from "./bounds";
-import { newElementWith } from "./mutateElement";

 import { getSelectedElementsByGroup } from "./groups";

+import type { Scene } from "./Scene";
+
 import type { ElementsMap, ExcalidrawElement } from "./types";

 export interface Distribution {
@@ -17,6 +19,7 @@ export const distributeElements = (
  elementsMap: ElementsMap,
  distribution: Distribution,
  appState: Readonly<AppState>,
+  scene: Scene,
 ): ExcalidrawElement[] => {
  const [start, mid, end, extent] =
    distribution.axis === "x"
@@ -66,12 +69,16 @@ export const distributeElements = (
        translation[distribution.axis] = pos - box[mid];
      }

-      return group.map((element) =>
-        newElementWith(element, {
+      return group.map((element) => {
+        const updatedElement = scene.mutateElement(element, {
          x: element.x + translation.x,
          y: element.y + translation.y,
-        }),
-      );
+        });
+        updateBoundElements(element, scene, {
+          simultaneouslyUpdated: group,
+        });
+        return updatedElement;
+      });
    });
  }

@@ -90,11 +97,15 @@ export const distributeElements = (
    pos += step;
    pos += box[extent];

-    return group.map((element) =>
-      newElementWith(element, {
+    return group.map((element) => {
+      const updatedElement = scene.mutateElement(element, {
        x: element.x + translation.x,
        y: element.y + translation.y,
-      }),
-    );
+      });
+      updateBoundElements(element, scene, {
+        simultaneouslyUpdated: group,
+      });
+      return updatedElement;
+    });
  });
 };
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 import {
+  type Bounds,
  TEXT_AUTOWRAP_THRESHOLD,
  getGridPoint,
  getFontString,
+  DRAGGING_THRESHOLD,
 } from "@excalidraw/common";

 import type {
@@ -13,7 +15,7 @@ import type {

 import type { NonDeletedExcalidrawElement } from "@excalidraw/element/types";

-import { updateBoundElements } from "./binding";
+import { unbindBindingElement, updateBoundElements } from "./binding";
 import { getCommonBounds } from "./bounds";
 import { getPerfectElementSize } from "./sizeHelpers";
 import { getBoundTextElement } from "./textElement";
@@ -28,7 +30,6 @@ import {

 import type { Scene } from "./Scene";

-import type { Bounds } from "./bounds";
 import type { ExcalidrawElement } from "./types";

 export const dragSelectedElements = (
@@ -102,9 +103,26 @@ export const dragSelectedElements = (
    gridSize,
  );

+  const elementsToUpdateIds = new Set(
+    Array.from(elementsToUpdate, (el) => el.id),
+  );
+
  elementsToUpdate.forEach((element) => {
-    updateElementCoords(pointerDownState, element, scene, adjustedOffset);
+    const isArrow = !isArrowElement(element);
+    const isStartBoundElementSelected =
+      isArrow ||
+      (element.startBinding
+        ? elementsToUpdateIds.has(element.startBinding.elementId)
+        : false);
+    const isEndBoundElementSelected =
+      isArrow ||
+      (element.endBinding
+        ? elementsToUpdateIds.has(element.endBinding.elementId)
+        : false);
+
    if (!isArrowElement(element)) {
+      updateElementCoords(pointerDownState, element, scene, adjustedOffset);
+
      // skip arrow labels since we calculate its position during render
      const textElement = getBoundTextElement(
        element,
@@ -121,6 +139,33 @@ export const dragSelectedElements = (
      updateBoundElements(element, scene, {
        simultaneouslyUpdated: Array.from(elementsToUpdate),
      });
+    } else if (
+      // NOTE: Add a little initial drag to the arrow dragging when the arrow
+      // is the single element being dragged to avoid accidentally unbinding
+      // the arrow when the user just wants to select it.
+
+      elementsToUpdate.size > 1 ||
+      Math.max(Math.abs(adjustedOffset.x), Math.abs(adjustedOffset.y)) >
+        DRAGGING_THRESHOLD ||
+      (!element.startBinding && !element.endBinding)
+    ) {
+      updateElementCoords(pointerDownState, element, scene, adjustedOffset);
+
+      const shouldUnbindStart =
+        element.startBinding && !isStartBoundElementSelected;
+      const shouldUnbindEnd = element.endBinding && !isEndBoundElementSelected;
+      if (shouldUnbindStart || shouldUnbindEnd) {
+        // NOTE: Moving the bound arrow should unbind it, otherwise we would
+        // have weird situations, like 0 lenght arrow when the user moves
+        // the arrow outside a filled shape suddenly forcing the arrow start
+        // and end point to jump "outside" the shape.
+        if (shouldUnbindStart) {
+          unbindBindingElement(element, "start", scene);
+        }
+        if (shouldUnbindEnd) {
+          unbindBindingElement(element, "end", scene);
+        }
+      }
    }
  });
 };
@@ -14,10 +14,10 @@ import {
 } from "@excalidraw/math";

 import {
+  type Bounds,
  BinaryHeap,
  invariant,
  isAnyTrue,
-  tupleToCoors,
  getSizeFromPoints,
  isDevEnv,
  arrayToMap,
@@ -27,10 +27,11 @@ import type { AppState } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/types";

 import {
  bindPointToSnapToElementOutline,
-  FIXED_BINDING_DISTANCE,
  getHeadingForElbowArrowSnap,
  getGlobalFixedPointForBindableElement,
-  getHoveredElementForBinding,
+  getBindingGap,
+  maxBindingDistance_simple,
+  BASE_BINDING_GAP_ELBOW,
 } from "./binding";
 import { distanceToElement } from "./distance";
 import {
@@ -51,10 +52,9 @@ import {
  type ExcalidrawElbowArrowElement,
  type NonDeletedSceneElementsMap,
 } from "./types";
-
 import { aabbForElement, pointInsideBounds } from "./bounds";
+import { getHoveredElementForBinding } from "./collision";

-import type { Bounds } from "./bounds";
 import type { Heading } from "./heading";
 import type {
  Arrowhead,
@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ import type {
  FixedPointBinding,
  FixedSegment,
  NonDeletedExcalidrawElement,
+  Ordered,
 } from "./types";

 type GridAddress = [number, number] & { _brand: "gridaddress" };
@@ -914,6 +915,8 @@ export const updateElbowArrowPoints = (
  },
  options?: {
    isDragging?: boolean;
+    isBindingEnabled?: boolean;
+    isMidpointSnappingEnabled?: boolean;
  },
 ): ElementUpdate<ExcalidrawElbowArrowElement> => {
  if (arrow.points.length < 2) {
@@ -1201,6 +1204,8 @@ const getElbowArrowData = (
  options?: {
    isDragging?: boolean;
    zoom?: AppState["zoom"];
+    isBindingEnabled?: boolean;
+    isMidpointSnappingEnabled?: boolean;
  },
 ) => {
  const origStartGlobalPoint: GlobalPoint = pointTranslate<
@@ -1214,7 +1219,7 @@ const getElbowArrowData = (

  let hoveredStartElement = null;
  let hoveredEndElement = null;
-  if (options?.isDragging) {
+  if (options?.isDragging && options?.isBindingEnabled !== false) {
    const elements = Array.from(elementsMap.values());
    hoveredStartElement =
      getHoveredElement(
@@ -1243,6 +1248,7 @@ const getElbowArrowData = (
  const startGlobalPoint = getGlobalPoint(
    {
      ...arrow,
+      angle: 0,
      type: "arrow",
      elbowed: true,
      points: nextPoints,
@@ -1253,10 +1259,13 @@ const getElbowArrowData = (
    hoveredStartElement,
    elementsMap,
    options?.isDragging,
+    options?.isBindingEnabled,
+    options?.isMidpointSnappingEnabled,
  );
  const endGlobalPoint = getGlobalPoint(
    {
      ...arrow,
+      angle: 0,
      type: "arrow",
      elbowed: true,
      points: nextPoints,
@@ -1267,6 +1276,8 @@ const getElbowArrowData = (
    hoveredEndElement,
    elementsMap,
    options?.isDragging,
+    options?.isBindingEnabled,
+    options?.isMidpointSnappingEnabled,
  );
  const startHeading = getBindPointHeading(
    startGlobalPoint,
@@ -1274,6 +1285,7 @@ const getElbowArrowData = (
    hoveredStartElement,
    origStartGlobalPoint,
    elementsMap,
+    options?.zoom,
  );
  const endHeading = getBindPointHeading(
    endGlobalPoint,
@@ -1281,6 +1293,7 @@ const getElbowArrowData = (
    hoveredEndElement,
    origEndGlobalPoint,
    elementsMap,
+    options?.zoom,
  );
  const startPointBounds = [
    startGlobalPoint[0] - 2,
@@ -1301,8 +1314,8 @@ const getElbowArrowData = (
        offsetFromHeading(
          startHeading,
          arrow.startArrowhead
-            ? FIXED_BINDING_DISTANCE * 6
-            : FIXED_BINDING_DISTANCE * 2,
+            ? getBindingGap(hoveredStartElement, { elbowed: true }) * 6
+            : getBindingGap(hoveredStartElement, { elbowed: true }) * 2,
          1,
        ),
      )
@@ -1314,8 +1327,8 @@ const getElbowArrowData = (
        offsetFromHeading(
          endHeading,
          arrow.endArrowhead
-            ? FIXED_BINDING_DISTANCE * 6
-            : FIXED_BINDING_DISTANCE * 2,
+            ? getBindingGap(hoveredEndElement, { elbowed: true }) * 6
+            : getBindingGap(hoveredEndElement, { elbowed: true }) * 2,
          1,
        ),
      )
@@ -1362,8 +1375,8 @@ const getElbowArrowData = (
            ? 0
            : BASE_PADDING -
                (arrow.startArrowhead
-                  ? FIXED_BINDING_DISTANCE * 6
-                  : FIXED_BINDING_DISTANCE * 2),
+                  ? BASE_BINDING_GAP_ELBOW * 6
+                  : BASE_BINDING_GAP_ELBOW * 2),
          BASE_PADDING,
        ),
    boundsOverlap
@@ -1378,8 +1391,8 @@ const getElbowArrowData = (
            ? 0
            : BASE_PADDING -
                (arrow.endArrowhead
-                  ? FIXED_BINDING_DISTANCE * 6
-                  : FIXED_BINDING_DISTANCE * 2),
+                  ? BASE_BINDING_GAP_ELBOW * 6
+                  : BASE_BINDING_GAP_ELBOW * 2),
          BASE_PADDING,
        ),
    boundsOverlap,
@@ -2208,14 +2221,18 @@ const getGlobalPoint = (
  element?: ExcalidrawBindableElement | null,
  elementsMap?: ElementsMap,
  isDragging?: boolean,
+  isBindingEnabled = true,
+  isMidpointSnappingEnabled = true,
 ): GlobalPoint => {
  if (isDragging) {
-    if (element && elementsMap) {
+    if (isBindingEnabled && element && elementsMap) {
      return bindPointToSnapToElementOutline(
        arrow,
        element,
        startOrEnd,
        elementsMap,
+        undefined,
+        isMidpointSnappingEnabled,
      );
    }

@@ -2239,6 +2256,7 @@ const getBindPointHeading = (
  hoveredElement: ExcalidrawBindableElement | null | undefined,
  origPoint: GlobalPoint,
  elementsMap: ElementsMap,
+  zoom?: AppState["zoom"],
 ): Heading =>
  getHeadingForElbowArrowSnap(
    p,
@@ -2257,21 +2275,20 @@ const getBindPointHeading = (
      ),
    origPoint,
    elementsMap,
+    zoom,
  );

 const getHoveredElement = (
  origPoint: GlobalPoint,
  elementsMap: NonDeletedSceneElementsMap,
-  elements: readonly NonDeletedExcalidrawElement[],
+  elements: readonly Ordered<NonDeletedExcalidrawElement>[],
  zoom?: AppState["zoom"],
 ) => {
  return getHoveredElementForBinding(
-    tupleToCoors(origPoint),
+    origPoint,
    elements,
    elementsMap,
-    zoom,
-    true,
-    true,
+    maxBindingDistance_simple(zoom),
  );
 };

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ const RE_REDDIT =
 const RE_REDDIT_EMBED =
  /^<blockquote[\s\S]*?\shref=["'](https?:\/\/(?:www\.)?reddit\.com\/[^"']*)/i;

-const parseYouTubeTimestamp = (url: string): number => {
+const parseYouTubeLikeTimestamp = (url: string): number => {
  let timeParam: string | null | undefined;

  try {
@@ -85,11 +85,57 @@ const parseYouTubeTimestamp = (url: string): number => {
  return parseInt(hours) * 3600 + parseInt(minutes) * 60 + parseInt(seconds);
 };

+const parseGoogleDriveVideoLink = (
+  url: string,
+): { fileId: string; resourceKey?: string; timestamp?: number } | null => {
+  try {
+    const urlObj = new URL(url.startsWith("http") ? url : `https://${url}`);
+    const hostname = urlObj.hostname.replace(/^www\./, "");
+    if (hostname !== "drive.google.com") {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    let fileId: string | null = null;
+    const pathMatch = urlObj.pathname.match(/^\/file\/d\/([^/]+)(?:\/|$)/);
+    if (pathMatch?.[1]) {
+      fileId = pathMatch[1];
+    } else if (urlObj.pathname === "/open" || urlObj.pathname === "/uc") {
+      // Shared Drive links can be emitted as:
+      // - /open?id=<fileId> (common "open in Drive" format)
+      // - /uc?...&id=<fileId> (download/export endpoint often seen in copied links)
+      fileId = urlObj.searchParams.get("id");
+    }
+
+    if (!fileId || !/^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+$/.test(fileId)) {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    // Some Drive share links include `resourcekey` for access to link-shared
+    // files; preserve it in the preview URL so embeds keep working.
+    const resourceKey = urlObj.searchParams.get("resourcekey");
+    const timestamp = parseYouTubeLikeTimestamp(urlObj.toString());
+
+    return {
+      fileId,
+      resourceKey:
+        resourceKey && /^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+$/.test(resourceKey)
+          ? resourceKey
+          : undefined,
+      // Drive accepts YouTube-like `t` formats (e.g. `t=90`, `t=1m30s`);
+      // normalize to seconds for a stable preview URL.
+      timestamp: timestamp > 0 ? timestamp : undefined,
+    };
+  } catch (error) {
+    return null;
+  }
+};
+
 const ALLOWED_DOMAINS = new Set([
  "youtube.com",
  "youtu.be",
  "vimeo.com",
  "player.vimeo.com",
+  "drive.google.com",
  "figma.com",
  "link.excalidraw.com",
  "gist.github.com",
@@ -108,6 +154,7 @@ const ALLOW_SAME_ORIGIN = new Set([
  "youtu.be",
  "vimeo.com",
  "player.vimeo.com",
+  "drive.google.com",
  "figma.com",
  "twitter.com",
  "x.com",
@@ -142,7 +189,7 @@ export const getEmbedLink = (
  let aspectRatio = { w: 560, h: 840 };
  const ytLink = link.match(RE_YOUTUBE);
  if (ytLink?.[2]) {
-    const startTime = parseYouTubeTimestamp(originalLink);
+    const startTime = parseYouTubeLikeTimestamp(originalLink);
    const time = startTime > 0 ? `&start=${startTime}` : ``;
    const isPortrait = link.includes("shorts");
    type = "video";
@@ -201,6 +248,36 @@ export const getEmbedLink = (
    };
  }

+  const googleDriveVideo = parseGoogleDriveVideoLink(link);
+  if (googleDriveVideo) {
+    type = "video";
+    const searchParams = new URLSearchParams();
+    if (googleDriveVideo.resourceKey) {
+      searchParams.set("resourcekey", googleDriveVideo.resourceKey);
+    }
+    if (googleDriveVideo.timestamp) {
+      searchParams.set("t", `${googleDriveVideo.timestamp}`);
+    }
+
+    const search = searchParams.toString();
+    link = `https://drive.google.com/file/d/${googleDriveVideo.fileId}/preview${
+      search ? `?${search}` : ""
+    }`;
+    aspectRatio = { w: 560, h: 315 };
+    embeddedLinkCache.set(originalLink, {
+      link,
+      intrinsicSize: aspectRatio,
+      type,
+      sandbox: { allowSameOrigin },
+    });
+    return {
+      link,
+      intrinsicSize: aspectRatio,
+      type,
+      sandbox: { allowSameOrigin },
+    };
+  }
+
  const figmaLink = link.match(RE_FIGMA);
  if (figmaLink) {
    type = "generic";
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import type {
  PendingExcalidrawElements,
 } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/types";

-import { bindLinearElement } from "./binding";
+import { bindBindingElement } from "./binding";
 import { updateElbowArrowPoints } from "./elbowArrow";
 import {
  HEADING_DOWN,
@@ -446,8 +446,14 @@ const createBindingArrow = (

  const elementsMap = scene.getNonDeletedElementsMap();

-  bindLinearElement(bindingArrow, startBindingElement, "start", scene);
-  bindLinearElement(bindingArrow, endBindingElement, "end", scene);
+  bindBindingElement(
+    bindingArrow,
+    startBindingElement,
+    "orbit",
+    "start",
+    scene,
+  );
+  bindBindingElement(bindingArrow, endBindingElement, "orbit", "end", scene);

  const changedElements = new Map<string, OrderedExcalidrawElement>();
  changedElements.set(
@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
-import { invariant, isDevEnv, isTestEnv } from "@excalidraw/common";
+import {
+  invariant,
+  isDevEnv,
+  isTestEnv,
+  type Bounds,
+} from "@excalidraw/common";

 import {
  pointFrom,
@@ -19,7 +24,7 @@ import type {
  Vector,
 } from "@excalidraw/math";

-import { getCenterForBounds, type Bounds } from "./bounds";
+import { getCenterForBounds } from "./bounds";

 import type { ExcalidrawBindableElement } from "./types";

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import { toIterable } from "@excalidraw/common";

 import { isInvisiblySmallElement } from "./sizeHelpers";
-import { isLinearElementType } from "./typeChecks";

 import type {
  ExcalidrawElement,
@@ -29,6 +28,9 @@ export const hashElementsVersion = (elements: ElementsMapOrArray): number => {

 // string hash function (using djb2). Not cryptographically secure, use only
 // for versioning and such.
+// note: hashes individual code units (not code points),
+// but for hashing purposes this is fine as it iterates through every code unit
+// (as such, no need to encode to byte string first)
 export const hashString = (s: string): number => {
  let hash: number = 5381;
  for (let i = 0; i < s.length; i++) {
@@ -52,27 +54,6 @@ export const isNonDeletedElement = <T extends ExcalidrawElement>(
  element: T,
 ): element is NonDeleted<T> => !element.isDeleted;

-const _clearElements = (
-  elements: readonly ExcalidrawElement[],
-): ExcalidrawElement[] =>
-  getNonDeletedElements(elements).map((element) =>
-    isLinearElementType(element.type)
-      ? { ...element, lastCommittedPoint: null }
-      : element,
-  );
-
-export const clearElementsForDatabase = (
-  elements: readonly ExcalidrawElement[],
-) => _clearElements(elements);
-
-export const clearElementsForExport = (
-  elements: readonly ExcalidrawElement[],
-) => _clearElements(elements);
-
-export const clearElementsForLocalStorage = (
-  elements: readonly ExcalidrawElement[],
-) => _clearElements(elements);
-
 export * from "./align";
 export * from "./binding";
 export * from "./bounds";
@@ -89,6 +70,7 @@ export * from "./elbowArrow";
 export * from "./elementLink";
 export * from "./embeddable";
 export * from "./flowchart";
+export * from "./arrows/focus";
 export * from "./fractionalIndex";
 export * from "./frame";
 export * from "./groups";
@@ -97,6 +79,7 @@ export * from "./image";
 export * from "./linearElementEditor";
 export * from "./mutateElement";
 export * from "./newElement";
+export * from "./positionElementsOnGrid";
 export * from "./renderElement";
 export * from "./resizeElements";
 export * from "./resizeTest";
@@ -110,7 +93,9 @@ export * from "./store";
 export * from "./textElement";
 export * from "./textMeasurements";
 export * from "./textWrapping";
+export * from "./transform";
 export * from "./transformHandles";
 export * from "./typeChecks";
 export * from "./utils";
 export * from "./zindex";
+export * from "./arrows/helpers";
@@ -40,22 +40,21 @@ export const mutateElement = <TElement extends Mutable<ExcalidrawElement>>(
  updates: ElementUpdate<TElement>,
  options?: {
    isDragging?: boolean;
+    isBindingEnabled?: boolean;
+    isMidpointSnappingEnabled?: boolean;
  },
 ) => {
  let didChange = false;

  // casting to any because can't use `in` operator
  // (see https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/issues/21732)
-  const { points, fixedSegments, startBinding, endBinding, fileId } =
-    updates as any;
+  const { points, fixedSegments, fileId } = updates as any;

  if (
    isElbowArrow(element) &&
    (Object.keys(updates).length === 0 || // normalization case
      typeof points !== "undefined" || // repositioning
-      typeof fixedSegments !== "undefined" || // segment fixing
-      typeof startBinding !== "undefined" ||
-      typeof endBinding !== "undefined") // manual binding to element
+      typeof fixedSegments !== "undefined") // segment fixing
  ) {
    updates = {
      ...updates,
@@ -452,7 +452,6 @@ export const newFreeDrawElement = (
    points: opts.points || [],
    pressures: opts.pressures || [],
    simulatePressure: opts.simulatePressure,
-    lastCommittedPoint: null,
  };
 };

@@ -466,7 +465,7 @@ export const newLinearElement = (
  const element = {
    ..._newElementBase<ExcalidrawLinearElement>(opts.type, opts),
    points: opts.points || [],
-    lastCommittedPoint: null,
+
    startBinding: null,
    endBinding: null,
    startArrowhead: null,
@@ -501,7 +500,6 @@ export const newArrowElement = <T extends boolean>(
    return {
      ..._newElementBase<ExcalidrawElbowArrowElement>(opts.type, opts),
      points: opts.points || [],
-      lastCommittedPoint: null,
      startBinding: null,
      endBinding: null,
      startArrowhead: opts.startArrowhead || null,
@@ -516,7 +514,6 @@ export const newArrowElement = <T extends boolean>(
  return {
    ..._newElementBase<ExcalidrawArrowElement>(opts.type, opts),
    points: opts.points || [],
-    lastCommittedPoint: null,
    startBinding: null,
    endBinding: null,
    startArrowhead: opts.startArrowhead || null,
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+import { getCommonBounds } from "./bounds";
+import { type ElementUpdate, newElementWith } from "./mutateElement";
+
+import type { ExcalidrawElement } from "./types";
+
+// TODO rewrite (mostly vibe-coded)
+export const positionElementsOnGrid = <TElement extends ExcalidrawElement>(
+  elements: TElement[] | TElement[][],
+  centerX: number,
+  centerY: number,
+  padding = 50,
+): TElement[] => {
+  // Ensure there are elements to position
+  if (!elements || elements.length === 0) {
+    return [];
+  }
+
+  const res: TElement[] = [];
+  // Normalize input to work with atomic units (groups of elements)
+  // If elements is a flat array, treat each element as its own atomic unit
+  const atomicUnits: TElement[][] = Array.isArray(elements[0])
+    ? (elements as TElement[][])
+    : (elements as TElement[]).map((element) => [element]);
+
+  // Determine the number of columns for atomic units
+  // A common approach for a "grid-like" layout without specific column constraints
+  // is to aim for a roughly square arrangement.
+  const numUnits = atomicUnits.length;
+  const numColumns = Math.max(1, Math.ceil(Math.sqrt(numUnits)));
+
+  // Group atomic units into rows based on the calculated number of columns
+  const rows: TElement[][][] = [];
+  for (let i = 0; i < numUnits; i += numColumns) {
+    rows.push(atomicUnits.slice(i, i + numColumns));
+  }
+
+  // Calculate properties for each row (total width, max height)
+  // and the total actual height of all row content.
+  let totalGridActualHeight = 0; // Sum of max heights of rows, without inter-row padding
+  const rowProperties = rows.map((rowUnits) => {
+    let rowWidth = 0;
+    let maxUnitHeightInRow = 0;
+
+    const unitBounds = rowUnits.map((unit) => {
+      const [minX, minY, maxX, maxY] = getCommonBounds(unit);
+      return {
+        elements: unit,
+        bounds: [minX, minY, maxX, maxY] as const,
+        width: maxX - minX,
+        height: maxY - minY,
+      };
+    });
+
+    unitBounds.forEach((unitBound, index) => {
+      rowWidth += unitBound.width;
+      // Add padding between units in the same row, but not after the last one
+      if (index < unitBounds.length - 1) {
+        rowWidth += padding;
+      }
+      if (unitBound.height > maxUnitHeightInRow) {
+        maxUnitHeightInRow = unitBound.height;
+      }
+    });
+
+    totalGridActualHeight += maxUnitHeightInRow;
+    return {
+      unitBounds,
+      width: rowWidth,
+      maxHeight: maxUnitHeightInRow,
+    };
+  });
+
+  // Calculate the total height of the grid including padding between rows
+  const totalGridHeightWithPadding =
+    totalGridActualHeight + Math.max(0, rows.length - 1) * padding;
+
+  // Calculate the starting Y position to center the entire grid vertically around centerY
+  let currentY = centerY - totalGridHeightWithPadding / 2;
+
+  // Position atomic units row by row
+  rowProperties.forEach((rowProp) => {
+    const { unitBounds, width: rowWidth, maxHeight: rowMaxHeight } = rowProp;
+
+    // Calculate the starting X for the current row to center it horizontally around centerX
+    let currentX = centerX - rowWidth / 2;
+
+    unitBounds.forEach((unitBound) => {
+      // Calculate the offset needed to position this atomic unit
+      const [originalMinX, originalMinY] = unitBound.bounds;
+      const offsetX = currentX - originalMinX;
+      const offsetY = currentY - originalMinY;
+
+      // Apply the offset to all elements in this atomic unit
+      unitBound.elements.forEach((element) => {
+        res.push(
+          newElementWith(element, {
+            x: element.x + offsetX,
+            y: element.y + offsetY,
+          } as ElementUpdate<TElement>),
+        );
+      });
+
+      // Move X for the next unit in the row
+      currentX += unitBound.width + padding;
+    });
+
+    // Move Y to the starting position for the next row
+    // This accounts for the tallest unit in the current row and the inter-row padding
+    currentY += rowMaxHeight + padding;
+  });
+  return res;
+};
@@ -1,19 +1,29 @@
 import rough from "roughjs/bin/rough";
-import { getStroke } from "perfect-freehand";

-import { isRightAngleRads } from "@excalidraw/math";
+import {
+  type GlobalPoint,
+  isRightAngleRads,
+  lineSegment,
+  pointFrom,
+  pointRotateRads,
+  type Radians,
+} from "@excalidraw/math";

 import {
  BOUND_TEXT_PADDING,
  DEFAULT_REDUCED_GLOBAL_ALPHA,
  ELEMENT_READY_TO_ERASE_OPACITY,
  FRAME_STYLE,
+  DARK_THEME_FILTER,
  MIME_TYPES,
  THEME,
  distance,
  getFontString,
  isRTL,
  getVerticalOffset,
+  invariant,
+  applyDarkModeFilter,
+  isSafari,
 } from "@excalidraw/common";

 import type {
@@ -32,7 +42,7 @@ import type {
  InteractiveCanvasRenderConfig,
 } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/scene/types";

-import { getElementAbsoluteCoords } from "./bounds";
+import { getElementAbsoluteCoords, getElementBounds } from "./bounds";
 import { getUncroppedImageElement } from "./cropElement";
 import { LinearElementEditor } from "./linearElementEditor";
 import {
@@ -70,16 +80,8 @@ import type {
  ElementsMap,
 } from "./types";

-import type { StrokeOptions } from "perfect-freehand";
 import type { RoughCanvas } from "roughjs/bin/canvas";

-// using a stronger invert (100% vs our regular 93%) and saturate
-// as a temp hack to make images in dark theme look closer to original
-// color scheme (it's still not quite there and the colors look slightly
-// desatured, alas...)
-export const IMAGE_INVERT_FILTER =
-  "invert(100%) hue-rotate(180deg) saturate(1.25)";
-
 const isPendingImageElement = (
  element: ExcalidrawElement,
  renderConfig: StaticCanvasRenderConfig,
@@ -87,19 +89,6 @@ const isPendingImageElement = (
  isInitializedImageElement(element) &&
  !renderConfig.imageCache.has(element.fileId);

-const shouldResetImageFilter = (
-  element: ExcalidrawElement,
-  renderConfig: StaticCanvasRenderConfig,
-  appState: StaticCanvasAppState,
-) => {
-  return (
-    appState.theme === THEME.DARK &&
-    isInitializedImageElement(element) &&
-    !isPendingImageElement(element, renderConfig) &&
-    renderConfig.imageCache.get(element.fileId)?.mimeType !== MIME_TYPES.svg
-  );
-};
-
 const getCanvasPadding = (element: ExcalidrawElement) => {
  switch (element.type) {
    case "freedraw":
@@ -217,7 +206,7 @@ const generateElementCanvas = (
  elementsMap: NonDeletedSceneElementsMap,
  zoom: Zoom,
  renderConfig: StaticCanvasRenderConfig,
-  appState: StaticCanvasAppState,
+  appState: StaticCanvasAppState | InteractiveCanvasAppState,
 ): ExcalidrawElementWithCanvas | null => {
  const canvas = document.createElement("canvas");
  const context = canvas.getContext("2d")!;
@@ -264,12 +253,7 @@ const generateElementCanvas = (

  const rc = rough.canvas(canvas);

-  // in dark theme, revert the image color filter
-  if (shouldResetImageFilter(element, renderConfig, appState)) {
-    context.filter = IMAGE_INVERT_FILTER;
-  }
-
-  drawElementOnCanvas(element, rc, context, renderConfig, appState);
+  drawElementOnCanvas(element, rc, context, renderConfig);

  context.restore();

@@ -377,8 +361,9 @@ IMAGE_ERROR_PLACEHOLDER_IMG.src = `data:${MIME_TYPES.svg},${encodeURIComponent(
 const drawImagePlaceholder = (
  element: ExcalidrawImageElement,
  context: CanvasRenderingContext2D,
+  theme: StaticCanvasRenderConfig["theme"],
 ) => {
-  context.fillStyle = "#E7E7E7";
+  context.fillStyle = theme === THEME.DARK ? "#2E2E2E" : "#E7E7E7";
  context.fillRect(0, 0, element.width, element.height);

  const imageMinWidthOrHeight = Math.min(element.width, element.height);
@@ -404,7 +389,6 @@ const drawElementOnCanvas = (
  rc: RoughCanvas,
  context: CanvasRenderingContext2D,
  renderConfig: StaticCanvasRenderConfig,
-  appState: StaticCanvasAppState,
 ) => {
  switch (element.type) {
    case "rectangle":
@@ -414,7 +398,8 @@ const drawElementOnCanvas = (
    case "ellipse": {
      context.lineJoin = "round";
      context.lineCap = "round";
-      rc.draw(ShapeCache.get(element)!);
+
+      rc.draw(ShapeCache.generateElementShape(element, renderConfig));
      break;
    }
    case "arrow":
@@ -422,33 +407,44 @@ const drawElementOnCanvas = (
      context.lineJoin = "round";
      context.lineCap = "round";

-      ShapeCache.get(element)!.forEach((shape) => {
-        rc.draw(shape);
-      });
+      ShapeCache.generateElementShape(element, renderConfig).forEach(
+        (shape) => {
+          rc.draw(shape);
+        },
+      );
      break;
    }
    case "freedraw": {
      // Draw directly to canvas
      context.save();
-      context.fillStyle = element.strokeColor;

-      const path = getFreeDrawPath2D(element) as Path2D;
-      const fillShape = ShapeCache.get(element);
+      const shapes = ShapeCache.generateElementShape(element, renderConfig);

-      if (fillShape) {
-        rc.draw(fillShape);
+      for (const shape of shapes) {
+        if (typeof shape === "string") {
+          context.fillStyle =
+            renderConfig.theme === THEME.DARK
+              ? applyDarkModeFilter(element.strokeColor)
+              : element.strokeColor;
+          context.fill(new Path2D(shape));
+        } else {
+          rc.draw(shape);
+        }
      }

-      context.fillStyle = element.strokeColor;
-      context.fill(path);
-
      context.restore();
      break;
    }
    case "image": {
+      context.save();
+      const cacheEntry =
+        element.fileId !== null
+          ? renderConfig.imageCache.get(element.fileId)
+          : null;
      const img = isInitializedImageElement(element)
-        ? renderConfig.imageCache.get(element.fileId)?.image
+        ? cacheEntry?.image
        : undefined;
+
      if (img != null && !(img instanceof Promise)) {
        if (element.roundness && context.roundRect) {
          context.beginPath();
@@ -471,20 +467,80 @@ const drawElementOnCanvas = (
              height: img.naturalHeight,
            };

-        context.drawImage(
-          img,
-          x,
-          y,
-          width,
-          height,
-          0 /* hardcoded for the selection box*/,
-          0,
-          element.width,
-          element.height,
-        );
+        const shouldInvertImage =
+          renderConfig.theme === THEME.DARK &&
+          cacheEntry?.mimeType === MIME_TYPES.svg;
+
+        if (shouldInvertImage && isSafari) {
+          const devicePixelRatio = window.devicePixelRatio || 1;
+          const tempCanvas = document.createElement("canvas");
+          tempCanvas.width = element.width * devicePixelRatio;
+          tempCanvas.height = element.height * devicePixelRatio;
+          const tempContext = tempCanvas.getContext("2d");
+
+          if (tempContext) {
+            tempContext.scale(devicePixelRatio, devicePixelRatio);
+            tempContext.drawImage(
+              img,
+              x,
+              y,
+              width,
+              height,
+              0,
+              0,
+              element.width,
+              element.height,
+            );
+
+            const imageData = tempContext.getImageData(
+              0,
+              0,
+              tempCanvas.width,
+              tempCanvas.height,
+            );
+
+            const data = imageData.data;
+
+            for (let i = 0; i < data.length; i += 4) {
+              data[i] = 255 - data[i];
+              data[i + 1] = 255 - data[i + 1];
+              data[i + 2] = 255 - data[i + 2];
+            }
+
+            tempContext.putImageData(imageData, 0, 0);
+            context.drawImage(
+              tempCanvas,
+              0,
+              0,
+              tempCanvas.width,
+              tempCanvas.height,
+              0,
+              0,
+              element.width,
+              element.height,
+            );
+          }
+        } else {
+          if (shouldInvertImage) {
+            context.filter = DARK_THEME_FILTER;
+          }
+
+          context.drawImage(
+            img,
+            x,
+            y,
+            width,
+            height,
+            0 /* hardcoded for the selection box*/,
+            0,
+            element.width,
+            element.height,
+          );
+        }
      } else {
-        drawImagePlaceholder(element, context);
+        drawImagePlaceholder(element, context, renderConfig.theme);
      }
+      context.restore();
      break;
    }
    default: {
@@ -499,7 +555,10 @@ const drawElementOnCanvas = (
        context.canvas.setAttribute("dir", rtl ? "rtl" : "ltr");
        context.save();
        context.font = getFontString(element);
-        context.fillStyle = element.strokeColor;
+        context.fillStyle =
+          renderConfig.theme === THEME.DARK
+            ? applyDarkModeFilter(element.strokeColor)
+            : element.strokeColor;
        context.textAlign = element.textAlign as CanvasTextAlign;

        // Canvas does not support multiline text by default
@@ -550,7 +609,7 @@ const generateElementWithCanvas = (
  element: NonDeletedExcalidrawElement,
  elementsMap: NonDeletedSceneElementsMap,
  renderConfig: StaticCanvasRenderConfig,
-  appState: StaticCanvasAppState,
+  appState: StaticCanvasAppState | InteractiveCanvasAppState,
 ) => {
  const zoom: Zoom = renderConfig
    ? appState.zoom
@@ -607,7 +666,7 @@ const drawElementFromCanvas = (
  elementWithCanvas: ExcalidrawElementWithCanvas,
  context: CanvasRenderingContext2D,
  renderConfig: StaticCanvasRenderConfig,
-  appState: StaticCanvasAppState,
+  appState: StaticCanvasAppState | InteractiveCanvasAppState,
  allElementsMap: NonDeletedSceneElementsMap,
 ) => {
  const element = elementWithCanvas.element;
@@ -725,7 +784,7 @@ export const renderElement = (
  rc: RoughCanvas,
  context: CanvasRenderingContext2D,
  renderConfig: StaticCanvasRenderConfig,
-  appState: StaticCanvasAppState,
+  appState: StaticCanvasAppState | InteractiveCanvasAppState,
 ) => {
  const reduceAlphaForSelection =
    appState.openDialog?.name === "elementLinkSelector" &&
@@ -752,12 +811,17 @@ export const renderElement = (
        context.fillStyle = "rgba(0, 0, 200, 0.04)";

        context.lineWidth = FRAME_STYLE.strokeWidth / appState.zoom.value;
-        context.strokeStyle = FRAME_STYLE.strokeColor;
+        context.strokeStyle =
+          appState.theme === THEME.DARK
+            ? applyDarkModeFilter(FRAME_STYLE.strokeColor)
+            : FRAME_STYLE.strokeColor;

        // TODO change later to only affect AI frames
        if (isMagicFrameElement(element)) {
          context.strokeStyle =
-            appState.theme === THEME.LIGHT ? "#7affd7" : "#1d8264";
+            appState.theme === THEME.LIGHT
+              ? "#7affd7"
+              : applyDarkModeFilter("#1d8264");
        }

        if (FRAME_STYLE.radius && context.roundRect) {
@@ -780,11 +844,6 @@ export const renderElement = (
      break;
    }
    case "freedraw": {
-      // TODO investigate if we can do this in situ. Right now we need to call
-      // beforehand because math helpers (such as getElementAbsoluteCoords)
-      // rely on existing shapes
-      ShapeCache.generateElementShape(element, null);
-
      if (renderConfig.isExporting) {
        const [x1, y1, x2, y2] = getElementAbsoluteCoords(element, elementsMap);
        const cx = (x1 + x2) / 2 + appState.scrollX;
@@ -795,7 +854,7 @@ export const renderElement = (
        context.translate(cx, cy);
        context.rotate(element.angle);
        context.translate(-shiftX, -shiftY);
-        drawElementOnCanvas(element, rc, context, renderConfig, appState);
+        drawElementOnCanvas(element, rc, context, renderConfig);
        context.restore();
      } else {
        const elementWithCanvas = generateElementWithCanvas(
@@ -828,10 +887,6 @@ export const renderElement = (
    case "text":
    case "iframe":
    case "embeddable": {
-      // TODO investigate if we can do this in situ. Right now we need to call
-      // beforehand because math helpers (such as getElementAbsoluteCoords)
-      // rely on existing shapes
-      ShapeCache.generateElementShape(element, renderConfig);
      if (renderConfig.isExporting) {
        const [x1, y1, x2, y2] = getElementAbsoluteCoords(element, elementsMap);
        const cx = (x1 + x2) / 2 + appState.scrollX;
@@ -854,9 +909,6 @@ export const renderElement = (
        context.save();
        context.translate(cx, cy);

-        if (shouldResetImageFilter(element, renderConfig, appState)) {
-          context.filter = "none";
-        }
        const boundTextElement = getBoundTextElement(element, elementsMap);

        if (isArrowElement(element) && boundTextElement) {
@@ -888,13 +940,7 @@ export const renderElement = (

          tempCanvasContext.translate(-shiftX, -shiftY);

-          drawElementOnCanvas(
-            element,
-            tempRc,
-            tempCanvasContext,
-            renderConfig,
-            appState,
-          );
+          drawElementOnCanvas(element, tempRc, tempCanvasContext, renderConfig);

          tempCanvasContext.translate(shiftX, shiftY);

@@ -933,7 +979,7 @@ export const renderElement = (
          }

          context.translate(-shiftX, -shiftY);
-          drawElementOnCanvas(element, rc, context, renderConfig, appState);
+          drawElementOnCanvas(element, rc, context, renderConfig);
        }

        context.restore();
@@ -1025,69 +1071,58 @@ export const renderElement = (
  context.globalAlpha = 1;
 };

-export const pathsCache = new WeakMap<ExcalidrawFreeDrawElement, Path2D>([]);
+export function getFreedrawOutlineAsSegments(
+  element: ExcalidrawFreeDrawElement,
+  points: [number, number][],
+  elementsMap: ElementsMap,
+) {
+  const bounds = getElementBounds(
+    {
+      ...element,
+      angle: 0 as Radians,
+    },
+    elementsMap,
+  );
+  const center = pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(
+    (bounds[0] + bounds[2]) / 2,
+    (bounds[1] + bounds[3]) / 2,
+  );

-export function generateFreeDrawShape(element: ExcalidrawFreeDrawElement) {
-  const svgPathData = getFreeDrawSvgPath(element);
-  const path = new Path2D(svgPathData);
-  pathsCache.set(element, path);
-  return path;
-}
-
-export function getFreeDrawPath2D(element: ExcalidrawFreeDrawElement) {
-  return pathsCache.get(element);
-}
-
-export function getFreeDrawSvgPath(element: ExcalidrawFreeDrawElement) {
-  // If input points are empty (should they ever be?) return a dot
-  const inputPoints = element.simulatePressure
-    ? element.points
-    : element.points.length
-    ? element.points.map(([x, y], i) => [x, y, element.pressures[i]])
-    : [[0, 0, 0.5]];
-
-  // Consider changing the options for simulated pressure vs real pressure
-  const options: StrokeOptions = {
-    simulatePressure: element.simulatePressure,
-    size: element.strokeWidth * 4.25,
-    thinning: 0.6,
-    smoothing: 0.5,
-    streamline: 0.5,
-    easing: (t) => Math.sin((t * Math.PI) / 2), // https://easings.net/#easeOutSine
-    last: !!element.lastCommittedPoint, // LastCommittedPoint is added on pointerup
-  };
-
-  return getSvgPathFromStroke(getStroke(inputPoints as number[][], options));
-}
-
-function med(A: number[], B: number[]) {
-  return [(A[0] + B[0]) / 2, (A[1] + B[1]) / 2];
-}
-
-// Trim SVG path data so number are each two decimal points. This
-// improves SVG exports, and prevents rendering errors on points
-// with long decimals.
-const TO_FIXED_PRECISION = /(\s?[A-Z]?,?-?[0-9]*\.[0-9]{0,2})(([0-9]|e|-)*)/g;
-
-function getSvgPathFromStroke(points: number[][]): string {
-  if (!points.length) {
-    return "";
-  }
-
-  const max = points.length - 1;
-
-  return points
-    .reduce(
-      (acc, point, i, arr) => {
-        if (i === max) {
-          acc.push(point, med(point, arr[0]), "L", arr[0], "Z");
-        } else {
-          acc.push(point, med(point, arr[i + 1]));
-        }
-        return acc;
-      },
-      ["M", points[0], "Q"],
-    )
-    .join(" ")
-    .replace(TO_FIXED_PRECISION, "$1");
+  invariant(points.length >= 2, "Freepath outline must have at least 2 points");
+
+  return points.slice(2).reduce(
+    (acc, curr) => {
+      acc.push(
+        lineSegment<GlobalPoint>(
+          acc[acc.length - 1][1],
+          pointRotateRads(
+            pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(curr[0] + element.x, curr[1] + element.y),
+            center,
+            element.angle,
+          ),
+        ),
+      );
+      return acc;
+    },
+    [
+      lineSegment<GlobalPoint>(
+        pointRotateRads(
+          pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(
+            points[0][0] + element.x,
+            points[0][1] + element.y,
+          ),
+          center,
+          element.angle,
+        ),
+        pointRotateRads(
+          pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(
+            points[1][0] + element.x,
+            points[1][1] + element.y,
+          ),
+          center,
+          element.angle,
+        ),
+      ),
+    ],
+  );
 }
@@ -20,7 +20,11 @@ import type { PointerDownState } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/types";

 import type { Mutable } from "@excalidraw/common/utility-types";

-import { getArrowLocalFixedPoints, updateBoundElements } from "./binding";
+import {
+  getArrowLocalFixedPoints,
+  unbindBindingElement,
+  updateBoundElements,
+} from "./binding";
 import {
  getElementAbsoluteCoords,
  getCommonBounds,
@@ -46,6 +50,7 @@ import {
 import { wrapText } from "./textWrapping";
 import {
  isArrowElement,
+  isBindingElement,
  isBoundToContainer,
  isElbowArrow,
  isFrameLikeElement,
@@ -74,7 +79,9 @@ import type {
  ExcalidrawImageElement,
  ElementsMap,
  ExcalidrawElbowArrowElement,
+  ExcalidrawArrowElement,
 } from "./types";
+import type { ElementUpdate } from "./mutateElement";

 // Returns true when transform (resizing/rotation) happened
 export const transformElements = (
@@ -220,7 +227,25 @@ const rotateSingleElement = (
  }
  const boundTextElementId = getBoundTextElementId(element);

-  scene.mutateElement(element, { angle });
+  let update: ElementUpdate<NonDeletedExcalidrawElement> = {
+    angle,
+  };
+
+  if (isBindingElement(element)) {
+    update = {
+      ...update,
+    } as ElementUpdate<ExcalidrawArrowElement>;
+
+    if (element.startBinding) {
+      unbindBindingElement(element, "start", scene);
+    }
+    if (element.endBinding) {
+      unbindBindingElement(element, "end", scene);
+    }
+  }
+
+  scene.mutateElement(element, update);
+
  if (boundTextElementId) {
    const textElement =
      scene.getElement<ExcalidrawTextElementWithContainer>(boundTextElementId);
@@ -394,6 +419,11 @@ const rotateMultipleElements = (
    centerAngle -= centerAngle % SHIFT_LOCKING_ANGLE;
  }

+  const rotatedElementsMap = new Map<
+    ExcalidrawElement["id"],
+    NonDeletedExcalidrawElement
+  >(elements.map((element) => [element.id, element]));
+
  for (const element of elements) {
    if (!isFrameLikeElement(element)) {
      const [x1, y1, x2, y2] = getElementAbsoluteCoords(element, elementsMap);
@@ -424,6 +454,19 @@ const rotateMultipleElements = (
        simultaneouslyUpdated: elements,
      });

+      if (isBindingElement(element)) {
+        if (element.startBinding) {
+          if (!rotatedElementsMap.has(element.startBinding.elementId)) {
+            unbindBindingElement(element, "start", scene);
+          }
+        }
+        if (element.endBinding) {
+          if (!rotatedElementsMap.has(element.endBinding.elementId)) {
+            unbindBindingElement(element, "end", scene);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
      const boundText = getBoundTextElement(element, elementsMap);
      if (boundText && !isArrowElement(element)) {
        const { x, y } = computeBoundTextPosition(
@@ -835,13 +878,32 @@ export const resizeSingleElement = (
    Number.isFinite(newOrigin.x) &&
    Number.isFinite(newOrigin.y)
  ) {
-    const updates = {
+    let updates: ElementUpdate<ExcalidrawElement> = {
      ...newOrigin,
      width: Math.abs(nextWidth),
      height: Math.abs(nextHeight),
      ...rescaledPoints,
    };

+    if (isBindingElement(latestElement)) {
+      if (latestElement.startBinding) {
+        updates = {
+          ...updates,
+        } as ElementUpdate<ExcalidrawArrowElement>;
+
+        if (latestElement.startBinding) {
+          unbindBindingElement(latestElement, "start", scene);
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (latestElement.endBinding) {
+        updates = {
+          ...updates,
+          endBinding: null,
+        } as ElementUpdate<ExcalidrawArrowElement>;
+      }
+    }
+
    scene.mutateElement(latestElement, updates, {
      informMutation: shouldInformMutation,
      isDragging: false,
@@ -859,10 +921,7 @@ export const resizeSingleElement = (
      shouldMaintainAspectRatio,
    );

-    updateBoundElements(latestElement, scene, {
-      // TODO: confirm with MARK if this actually makes sense
-      newSize: { width: nextWidth, height: nextHeight },
-    });
+    updateBoundElements(latestElement, scene);
  }
 };

@@ -1396,20 +1455,36 @@ export const resizeMultipleElements = (
    }

    const elementsToUpdate = elementsAndUpdates.map(({ element }) => element);
+    const resizedElementsMap = new Map<
+      ExcalidrawElement["id"],
+      NonDeletedExcalidrawElement
+    >(elementsAndUpdates.map(({ element }) => [element.id, element]));

    for (const {
      element,
      update: { boundTextFontSize, ...update },
    } of elementsAndUpdates) {
-      const { width, height, angle } = update;
+      const { angle } = update;

      scene.mutateElement(element, update);

      updateBoundElements(element, scene, {
        simultaneouslyUpdated: elementsToUpdate,
-        newSize: { width, height },
      });

+      if (isBindingElement(element)) {
+        if (element.startBinding) {
+          if (!resizedElementsMap.has(element.startBinding.elementId)) {
+            unbindBindingElement(element, "start", scene);
+          }
+        }
+        if (element.endBinding) {
+          if (!resizedElementsMap.has(element.endBinding.elementId)) {
+            unbindBindingElement(element, "end", scene);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
      const boundTextElement = getBoundTextElement(element, elementsMap);
      if (boundTextElement && boundTextFontSize) {
        scene.mutateElement(boundTextElement, {
@@ -5,22 +5,25 @@ import {
  type Radians,
 } from "@excalidraw/math";

-import { SIDE_RESIZING_THRESHOLD } from "@excalidraw/common";
+import {
+  SIDE_RESIZING_THRESHOLD,
+  type EditorInterface,
+} from "@excalidraw/common";

 import type { GlobalPoint, LineSegment, LocalPoint } from "@excalidraw/math";

-import type { AppState, Device, Zoom } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/types";
+import type { AppState, Zoom } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/types";
+import type { Bounds } from "@excalidraw/common";

 import { getElementAbsoluteCoords } from "./bounds";
 import {
  getTransformHandlesFromCoords,
  getTransformHandles,
-  getOmitSidesForDevice,
+  getOmitSidesForEditorInterface,
  canResizeFromSides,
 } from "./transformHandles";
 import { isImageElement, isLinearElement } from "./typeChecks";

-import type { Bounds } from "./bounds";
 import type {
  TransformHandleType,
  TransformHandle,
@@ -51,7 +54,7 @@ export const resizeTest = <Point extends GlobalPoint | LocalPoint>(
  y: number,
  zoom: Zoom,
  pointerType: PointerType,
-  device: Device,
+  editorInterface: EditorInterface,
 ): MaybeTransformHandleType => {
  if (!appState.selectedElementIds[element.id]) {
    return false;
@@ -63,7 +66,7 @@ export const resizeTest = <Point extends GlobalPoint | LocalPoint>(
      zoom,
      elementsMap,
      pointerType,
-      getOmitSidesForDevice(device),
+      getOmitSidesForEditorInterface(editorInterface),
    );

  if (
@@ -86,7 +89,7 @@ export const resizeTest = <Point extends GlobalPoint | LocalPoint>(
    return filter[0] as TransformHandleType;
  }

-  if (canResizeFromSides(device)) {
+  if (canResizeFromSides(editorInterface)) {
    const [x1, y1, x2, y2, cx, cy] = getElementAbsoluteCoords(
      element,
      elementsMap,
@@ -132,7 +135,7 @@ export const getElementWithTransformHandleType = (
  zoom: Zoom,
  pointerType: PointerType,
  elementsMap: ElementsMap,
-  device: Device,
+  editorInterface: EditorInterface,
 ) => {
  return elements.reduce((result, element) => {
    if (result) {
@@ -146,7 +149,7 @@ export const getElementWithTransformHandleType = (
      scenePointerY,
      zoom,
      pointerType,
-      device,
+      editorInterface,
    );
    return transformHandleType ? { element, transformHandleType } : null;
  }, null as { element: NonDeletedExcalidrawElement; transformHandleType: MaybeTransformHandleType } | null);
@@ -160,14 +163,14 @@ export const getTransformHandleTypeFromCoords = <
  scenePointerY: number,
  zoom: Zoom,
  pointerType: PointerType,
-  device: Device,
+  editorInterface: EditorInterface,
 ): MaybeTransformHandleType => {
  const transformHandles = getTransformHandlesFromCoords(
    [x1, y1, x2, y2, (x1 + x2) / 2, (y1 + y2) / 2],
    0 as Radians,
    zoom,
    pointerType,
-    getOmitSidesForDevice(device),
+    getOmitSidesForEditorInterface(editorInterface),
  );

  const found = Object.keys(transformHandles).find((key) => {
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ export const getTransformHandleTypeFromCoords = <
    return found as MaybeTransformHandleType;
  }

-  if (canResizeFromSides(device)) {
+  if (canResizeFromSides(editorInterface)) {
    const cx = (x1 + x2) / 2;
    const cy = (y1 + y2) / 2;

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { simplify } from "points-on-curve";
+import { getStroke } from "perfect-freehand";

 import {
  type GeometricShape,
@@ -17,10 +18,12 @@ import {
 } from "@excalidraw/math";
 import {
  ROUGHNESS,
+  THEME,
  isTransparent,
  assertNever,
  COLOR_PALETTE,
  LINE_POLYGON_POINT_MERGE_DISTANCE,
+  applyDarkModeFilter,
 } from "@excalidraw/common";

 import { RoughGenerator } from "roughjs/bin/generator";
@@ -36,6 +39,7 @@ import type {
 import type {
  ElementShape,
  ElementShapes,
+  SVGPathString,
 } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/scene/types";

 import { elementWithCanvasCache } from "./renderElement";
@@ -52,7 +56,6 @@ import { getCornerRadius, isPathALoop } from "./utils";
 import { headingForPointIsHorizontal } from "./heading";

 import { canChangeRoundness } from "./comparisons";
-import { generateFreeDrawShape } from "./renderElement";
 import {
  getArrowheadPoints,
  getCenterForBounds,
@@ -77,29 +80,32 @@ import type { Point as RoughPoint } from "roughjs/bin/geometry";

 export class ShapeCache {
  private static rg = new RoughGenerator();
-  private static cache = new WeakMap<ExcalidrawElement, ElementShape>();
+  private static cache = new WeakMap<
+    ExcalidrawElement,
+    { shape: ElementShape; theme: AppState["theme"] }
+  >();

  /**
   * Retrieves shape from cache if available. Use this only if shape
   * is optional and you have a fallback in case it's not cached.
   */
-  public static get = <T extends ExcalidrawElement>(element: T) => {
-    return ShapeCache.cache.get(
-      element,
-    ) as T["type"] extends keyof ElementShapes
-      ? ElementShapes[T["type"]] | undefined
-      : ElementShape | undefined;
+  public static get = <T extends ExcalidrawElement>(
+    element: T,
+    theme: AppState["theme"] | null,
+  ) => {
+    const cached = ShapeCache.cache.get(element);
+    if (cached && (theme === null || cached.theme === theme)) {
+      return cached.shape as T["type"] extends keyof ElementShapes
+        ? ElementShapes[T["type"]] | undefined
+        : ElementShape | undefined;
+    }
+    return undefined;
  };

-  public static set = <T extends ExcalidrawElement>(
-    element: T,
-    shape: T["type"] extends keyof ElementShapes
-      ? ElementShapes[T["type"]]
-      : Drawable,
-  ) => ShapeCache.cache.set(element, shape);
-
-  public static delete = (element: ExcalidrawElement) =>
+  public static delete = (element: ExcalidrawElement) => {
    ShapeCache.cache.delete(element);
+    elementWithCanvasCache.delete(element);
+  };

  public static destroy = () => {
    ShapeCache.cache = new WeakMap();
@@ -117,12 +123,13 @@ export class ShapeCache {
      isExporting: boolean;
      canvasBackgroundColor: AppState["viewBackgroundColor"];
      embedsValidationStatus: EmbedsValidationStatus;
+      theme: AppState["theme"];
    } | null,
  ) => {
    // when exporting, always regenerated to guarantee the latest shape
    const cachedShape = renderConfig?.isExporting
      ? undefined
-      : ShapeCache.get(element);
+      : ShapeCache.get(element, renderConfig ? renderConfig.theme : null);

    // `null` indicates no rc shape applicable for this element type,
    // but it's considered a valid cache value (= do not regenerate)
@@ -132,19 +139,25 @@ export class ShapeCache {

    elementWithCanvasCache.delete(element);

-    const shape = generateElementShape(
+    const shape = _generateElementShape(
      element,
      ShapeCache.rg,
      renderConfig || {
        isExporting: false,
        canvasBackgroundColor: COLOR_PALETTE.white,
        embedsValidationStatus: null,
+        theme: THEME.LIGHT,
      },
    ) as T["type"] extends keyof ElementShapes
      ? ElementShapes[T["type"]]
      : Drawable | null;

-    ShapeCache.cache.set(element, shape);
+    if (!renderConfig?.isExporting) {
+      ShapeCache.cache.set(element, {
+        shape,
+        theme: renderConfig?.theme || THEME.LIGHT,
+      });
+    }

    return shape;
  };
@@ -180,6 +193,7 @@ function adjustRoughness(element: ExcalidrawElement): number {
 export const generateRoughOptions = (
  element: ExcalidrawElement,
  continuousPath = false,
+  isDarkMode: boolean = false,
 ): Options => {
  const options: Options = {
    seed: element.seed,
@@ -204,7 +218,9 @@ export const generateRoughOptions = (
    fillWeight: element.strokeWidth / 2,
    hachureGap: element.strokeWidth * 4,
    roughness: adjustRoughness(element),
-    stroke: element.strokeColor,
+    stroke: isDarkMode
+      ? applyDarkModeFilter(element.strokeColor)
+      : element.strokeColor,
    preserveVertices:
      continuousPath || element.roughness < ROUGHNESS.cartoonist,
  };
@@ -218,6 +234,8 @@ export const generateRoughOptions = (
      options.fillStyle = element.fillStyle;
      options.fill = isTransparent(element.backgroundColor)
        ? undefined
+        : isDarkMode
+        ? applyDarkModeFilter(element.backgroundColor)
        : element.backgroundColor;
      if (element.type === "ellipse") {
        options.curveFitting = 1;
@@ -231,6 +249,8 @@ export const generateRoughOptions = (
        options.fill =
          element.backgroundColor === "transparent"
            ? undefined
+            : isDarkMode
+            ? applyDarkModeFilter(element.backgroundColor)
            : element.backgroundColor;
      }
      return options;
@@ -284,6 +304,7 @@ const getArrowheadShapes = (
  generator: RoughGenerator,
  options: Options,
  canvasBackgroundColor: string,
+  isDarkMode: boolean,
 ) => {
  const arrowheadPoints = getArrowheadPoints(
    element,
@@ -309,6 +330,10 @@ const getArrowheadShapes = (
    return [generator.line(x3, y3, x4, y4, options)];
  };

+  const strokeColor = isDarkMode
+    ? applyDarkModeFilter(element.strokeColor)
+    : element.strokeColor;
+
  switch (arrowhead) {
    case "dot":
    case "circle":
@@ -324,10 +349,10 @@ const getArrowheadShapes = (
          fill:
            arrowhead === "circle_outline"
              ? canvasBackgroundColor
-              : element.strokeColor,
+              : strokeColor,

          fillStyle: "solid",
-          stroke: element.strokeColor,
+          stroke: strokeColor,
          roughness: Math.min(0.5, options.roughness || 0),
        }),
      ];
@@ -352,7 +377,7 @@ const getArrowheadShapes = (
            fill:
              arrowhead === "triangle_outline"
                ? canvasBackgroundColor
-                : element.strokeColor,
+                : strokeColor,
            fillStyle: "solid",
            roughness: Math.min(1, options.roughness || 0),
          },
@@ -380,7 +405,7 @@ const getArrowheadShapes = (
            fill:
              arrowhead === "diamond_outline"
                ? canvasBackgroundColor
-                : element.strokeColor,
+                : strokeColor,
            fillStyle: "solid",
            roughness: Math.min(1, options.roughness || 0),
          },
@@ -602,19 +627,22 @@ export const generateLinearCollisionShape = (
 *
 * @private
 */
-const generateElementShape = (
+const _generateElementShape = (
  element: Exclude<NonDeletedExcalidrawElement, ExcalidrawSelectionElement>,
  generator: RoughGenerator,
  {
    isExporting,
    canvasBackgroundColor,
    embedsValidationStatus,
+    theme,
  }: {
    isExporting: boolean;
    canvasBackgroundColor: string;
    embedsValidationStatus: EmbedsValidationStatus | null;
+    theme?: AppState["theme"];
  },
-): Drawable | Drawable[] | null => {
+): ElementShape => {
+  const isDarkMode = theme === THEME.DARK;
  switch (element.type) {
    case "rectangle":
    case "iframe":
@@ -640,6 +668,7 @@ const generateElementShape = (
              embedsValidationStatus,
            ),
            true,
+            isDarkMode,
          ),
        );
      } else {
@@ -655,6 +684,7 @@ const generateElementShape = (
              embedsValidationStatus,
            ),
            false,
+            isDarkMode,
          ),
        );
      }
@@ -692,7 +722,7 @@ const generateElementShape = (
            C ${topX} ${topY}, ${topX} ${topY}, ${topX + verticalRadius} ${
            topY + horizontalRadius
          }`,
-          generateRoughOptions(element, true),
+          generateRoughOptions(element, true, isDarkMode),
        );
      } else {
        shape = generator.polygon(
@@ -702,7 +732,7 @@ const generateElementShape = (
            [bottomX, bottomY],
            [leftX, leftY],
          ],
-          generateRoughOptions(element),
+          generateRoughOptions(element, false, isDarkMode),
        );
      }
      return shape;
@@ -713,14 +743,14 @@ const generateElementShape = (
        element.height / 2,
        element.width,
        element.height,
-        generateRoughOptions(element),
+        generateRoughOptions(element, false, isDarkMode),
      );
      return shape;
    }
    case "line":
    case "arrow": {
      let shape: ElementShapes[typeof element.type];
-      const options = generateRoughOptions(element);
+      const options = generateRoughOptions(element, false, isDarkMode);

      // points array can be empty in the beginning, so it is important to add
      // initial position to it
@@ -745,7 +775,7 @@ const generateElementShape = (
          shape = [
            generator.path(
              generateElbowArrowShape(points, 16),
-              generateRoughOptions(element, true),
+              generateRoughOptions(element, true, isDarkMode),
            ),
          ];
        }
@@ -778,6 +808,7 @@ const generateElementShape = (
            generator,
            options,
            canvasBackgroundColor,
+            isDarkMode,
          );
          shape.push(...shapes);
        }
@@ -795,6 +826,7 @@ const generateElementShape = (
            generator,
            options,
            canvasBackgroundColor,
+            isDarkMode,
          );
          shape.push(...shapes);
        }
@@ -802,23 +834,28 @@ const generateElementShape = (
      return shape;
    }
    case "freedraw": {
-      let shape: ElementShapes[typeof element.type];
-      generateFreeDrawShape(element);
+      // oredered in terms of z-index [background, stroke]
+      const shapes: ElementShapes[typeof element.type] = [];

+      // (1) background fill (rc shape), optional
      if (isPathALoop(element.points)) {
        // generate rough polygon to fill freedraw shape
        const simplifiedPoints = simplify(
          element.points as Mutable<LocalPoint[]>,
          0.75,
        );
-        shape = generator.curve(simplifiedPoints as [number, number][], {
-          ...generateRoughOptions(element),
-          stroke: "none",
-        });
-      } else {
-        shape = null;
+        shapes.push(
+          generator.curve(simplifiedPoints as [number, number][], {
+            ...generateRoughOptions(element, false, isDarkMode),
+            stroke: "none",
+          }),
+        );
      }
-      return shape;
+
+      // (2) stroke
+      shapes.push(getFreeDrawSvgPath(element));
+
+      return shapes;
    }
    case "frame":
    case "magicframe":
@@ -925,9 +962,7 @@ export const getElementShape = <Point extends GlobalPoint | LocalPoint>(
      return getPolygonShape(element);
    case "arrow":
    case "line": {
-      const roughShape =
-        ShapeCache.get(element)?.[0] ??
-        ShapeCache.generateElementShape(element, null)[0];
+      const roughShape = ShapeCache.generateElementShape(element, null)[0];
      const [, , , , cx, cy] = getElementAbsoluteCoords(element, elementsMap);

      return shouldTestInside(element)
@@ -1003,3 +1038,69 @@ export const toggleLinePolygonState = (

  return ret;
 };
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                         freedraw shape helper
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// NOTE not cached (-> for SVG export)
+const getFreeDrawSvgPath = (element: ExcalidrawFreeDrawElement) => {
+  return getSvgPathFromStroke(
+    getFreedrawOutlinePoints(element),
+  ) as SVGPathString;
+};
+
+export const getFreedrawOutlinePoints = (
+  element: ExcalidrawFreeDrawElement,
+) => {
+  // If input points are empty (should they ever be?) return a dot
+  const inputPoints = element.simulatePressure
+    ? element.points
+    : element.points.length
+    ? element.points.map(([x, y], i) => [x, y, element.pressures[i]])
+    : [[0, 0, 0.5]];
+
+  return getStroke(inputPoints as number[][], {
+    simulatePressure: element.simulatePressure,
+    size: element.strokeWidth * 4.25,
+    thinning: 0.6,
+    smoothing: 0.5,
+    streamline: 0.5,
+    easing: (t) => Math.sin((t * Math.PI) / 2), // https://easings.net/#easeOutSine
+    last: true,
+  }) as [number, number][];
+};
+
+const med = (A: number[], B: number[]) => {
+  return [(A[0] + B[0]) / 2, (A[1] + B[1]) / 2];
+};
+
+// Trim SVG path data so number are each two decimal points. This
+// improves SVG exports, and prevents rendering errors on points
+// with long decimals.
+const TO_FIXED_PRECISION = /(\s?[A-Z]?,?-?[0-9]*\.[0-9]{0,2})(([0-9]|e|-)*)/g;
+
+const getSvgPathFromStroke = (points: number[][]): string => {
+  if (!points.length) {
+    return "";
+  }
+
+  const max = points.length - 1;
+
+  return points
+    .reduce(
+      (acc, point, i, arr) => {
+        if (i === max) {
+          acc.push(point, med(point, arr[0]), "L", arr[0], "Z");
+        } else {
+          acc.push(point, med(point, arr[i + 1]));
+        }
+        return acc;
+      },
+      ["M", points[0], "Q"],
+    )
+    .join(" ")
+    .replace(TO_FIXED_PRECISION, "$1");
+};
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -16,7 +16,9 @@ import {
  getLineHeight,
 } from "@excalidraw/common";

-import { bindLinearElement } from "@excalidraw/element";
+import type { MarkOptional } from "@excalidraw/common/utility-types";
+
+import { bindBindingElement } from "./binding";
 import {
  newArrowElement,
  newElement,
@@ -25,21 +27,20 @@ import {
  newLinearElement,
  newMagicFrameElement,
  newTextElement,
-} from "@excalidraw/element";
-import { measureText, normalizeText } from "@excalidraw/element";
-import { isArrowElement } from "@excalidraw/element";
+  type ElementConstructorOpts,
+} from "./newElement";
+import { measureText, normalizeText } from "./textMeasurements";
+import { isArrowElement } from "./typeChecks";

-import { syncInvalidIndices } from "@excalidraw/element";
+import { syncInvalidIndices } from "./fractionalIndex";

-import { redrawTextBoundingBox } from "@excalidraw/element";
+import { redrawTextBoundingBox } from "./textElement";

-import { LinearElementEditor } from "@excalidraw/element";
+import { LinearElementEditor } from "./linearElementEditor";

-import { getCommonBounds } from "@excalidraw/element";
+import { getCommonBounds } from "./bounds";

-import { Scene } from "@excalidraw/element";
-
-import type { ElementConstructorOpts } from "@excalidraw/element";
+import { Scene } from "./Scene";

 import type {
  ExcalidrawArrowElement,
@@ -59,9 +60,7 @@ import type {
  NonDeletedSceneElementsMap,
  TextAlign,
  VerticalAlign,
-} from "@excalidraw/element/types";
-
-import type { MarkOptional } from "@excalidraw/common/utility-types";
+} from "./types";

 export type ValidLinearElement = {
  type: "arrow" | "line";
@@ -330,9 +329,10 @@ const bindLinearElementToElement = (
        }
      }

-      bindLinearElement(
+      bindBindingElement(
        linearElement,
        startBoundElement as ExcalidrawBindableElement,
+        "orbit",
        "start",
        scene,
      );
@@ -405,9 +405,10 @@ const bindLinearElementToElement = (
        }
      }

-      bindLinearElement(
+      bindBindingElement(
        linearElement,
        endBoundElement as ExcalidrawBindableElement,
+        "orbit",
        "end",
        scene,
      );
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import {
  DEFAULT_TRANSFORM_HANDLE_SPACING,
-  isAndroid,
-  isIOS,
+  type EditorInterface,
 } from "@excalidraw/common";

 import { pointFrom, pointRotateRads } from "@excalidraw/math";
@@ -9,10 +8,10 @@ import { pointFrom, pointRotateRads } from "@excalidraw/math";
 import type { Radians } from "@excalidraw/math";

 import type {
-  Device,
  InteractiveCanvasAppState,
  Zoom,
 } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/types";
+import type { Bounds } from "@excalidraw/common";

 import { getElementAbsoluteCoords } from "./bounds";
 import {
@@ -22,7 +21,6 @@ import {
  isLinearElement,
 } from "./typeChecks";

-import type { Bounds } from "./bounds";
 import type {
  ElementsMap,
  ExcalidrawElement,
@@ -111,20 +109,21 @@ const generateTransformHandle = (
  return [xx - width / 2, yy - height / 2, width, height];
 };

-export const canResizeFromSides = (device: Device) => {
-  if (device.viewport.isMobile) {
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  if (device.isTouchScreen && (isAndroid || isIOS)) {
+export const canResizeFromSides = (editorInterface: EditorInterface) => {
+  if (
+    editorInterface.formFactor === "phone" &&
+    editorInterface.userAgent.isMobileDevice
+  ) {
    return false;
  }

  return true;
 };

-export const getOmitSidesForDevice = (device: Device) => {
-  if (canResizeFromSides(device)) {
+export const getOmitSidesForEditorInterface = (
+  editorInterface: EditorInterface,
+) => {
+  if (canResizeFromSides(editorInterface)) {
    return DEFAULT_OMIT_SIDES;
  }

@@ -326,11 +325,15 @@ export const getTransformHandles = (
  );
 };

-export const shouldShowBoundingBox = (
+export const hasBoundingBox = (
  elements: readonly NonDeletedExcalidrawElement[],
  appState: InteractiveCanvasAppState,
+  editorInterface: EditorInterface,
 ) => {
-  if (appState.selectedLinearElement?.isEditing) {
+  if (
+    appState.selectedLinearElement?.isEditing ||
+    appState.selectedLinearElement?.isDragging
+  ) {
    return false;
  }
  if (elements.length > 1) {
@@ -345,5 +348,7 @@ export const shouldShowBoundingBox = (
    return true;
  }

-  return element.points.length > 2;
+  // on mobile/tablet we currently don't show bbox because of resize issues
+  // (also prob best for simplicity's sake)
+  return element.points.length > 2 && !editorInterface.userAgent.isMobileDevice;
 };
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ import type { ElementOrToolType } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/types";

 import type { MarkNonNullable } from "@excalidraw/common/utility-types";

-import type { Bounds } from "./bounds";
 import type {
  ExcalidrawElement,
  ExcalidrawTextElement,
@@ -28,8 +27,6 @@ import type {
  ExcalidrawArrowElement,
  ExcalidrawElbowArrowElement,
  ExcalidrawLineElement,
-  PointBinding,
-  FixedPointBinding,
  ExcalidrawFlowchartNodeElement,
  ExcalidrawLinearElementSubType,
 } from "./types";
@@ -163,7 +160,7 @@ export const isLinearElementType = (
 export const isBindingElement = (
  element?: ExcalidrawElement | null,
  includeLocked = true,
-): element is ExcalidrawLinearElement => {
+): element is ExcalidrawArrowElement => {
  return (
    element != null &&
    (!element.locked || includeLocked === true) &&
@@ -358,24 +355,6 @@ export const getDefaultRoundnessTypeForElement = (
  return null;
 };

-export const isFixedPointBinding = (
-  binding: PointBinding | FixedPointBinding,
-): binding is FixedPointBinding => {
-  return (
-    Object.hasOwn(binding, "fixedPoint") &&
-    (binding as FixedPointBinding).fixedPoint != null
-  );
-};
-
-// TODO: Move this to @excalidraw/math
-export const isBounds = (box: unknown): box is Bounds =>
-  Array.isArray(box) &&
-  box.length === 4 &&
-  typeof box[0] === "number" &&
-  typeof box[1] === "number" &&
-  typeof box[2] === "number" &&
-  typeof box[3] === "number";
-
 export const getLinearElementSubType = (
  element: ExcalidrawLinearElement,
 ): ExcalidrawLinearElementSubType => {
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import type {
  ValueOf,
 } from "@excalidraw/common/utility-types";

-export type ChartType = "bar" | "line";
+export type ChartType = "bar" | "line" | "radar";
 export type FillStyle = "hachure" | "cross-hatch" | "solid" | "zigzag";
 export type FontFamilyKeys = keyof typeof FONT_FAMILY;
 export type FontFamilyValues = typeof FONT_FAMILY[FontFamilyKeys];
@@ -279,23 +279,22 @@ export type ExcalidrawTextElementWithContainer = {

 export type FixedPoint = [number, number];

-export type PointBinding = {
-  elementId: ExcalidrawBindableElement["id"];
-  focus: number;
-  gap: number;
-};
+export type BindMode = "inside" | "orbit" | "skip";

-export type FixedPointBinding = Merge<
-  PointBinding,
-  {
-    // Represents the fixed point binding information in form of a vertical and
-    // horizontal ratio (i.e. a percentage value in the 0.0-1.0 range). This ratio
-    // gives the user selected fixed point by multiplying the bound element width
-    // with fixedPoint[0] and the bound element height with fixedPoint[1] to get the
-    // bound element-local point coordinate.
-    fixedPoint: FixedPoint;
-  }
->;
+export type FixedPointBinding = {
+  elementId: ExcalidrawBindableElement["id"];
+
+  // Represents the fixed point binding information in form of a vertical and
+  // horizontal ratio (i.e. a percentage value in the 0.0-1.0 range). This ratio
+  // gives the user selected fixed point by multiplying the bound element width
+  // with fixedPoint[0] and the bound element height with fixedPoint[1] to get the
+  // bound element-local point coordinate.
+  fixedPoint: FixedPoint;
+
+  // Determines whether the arrow remains outside the shape or is allowed to
+  // go all the way inside the shape up to the exact fixed point.
+  mode: BindMode;
+};

 type Index = number;

@@ -322,9 +321,8 @@ export type ExcalidrawLinearElement = _ExcalidrawElementBase &
  Readonly<{
    type: "line" | "arrow";
    points: readonly LocalPoint[];
-    lastCommittedPoint: LocalPoint | null;
-    startBinding: PointBinding | null;
-    endBinding: PointBinding | null;
+    startBinding: FixedPointBinding | null;
+    endBinding: FixedPointBinding | null;
    startArrowhead: Arrowhead | null;
    endArrowhead: Arrowhead | null;
  }>;
@@ -351,9 +349,9 @@ export type ExcalidrawElbowArrowElement = Merge<
  ExcalidrawArrowElement,
  {
    elbowed: true;
+    fixedSegments: readonly FixedSegment[] | null;
    startBinding: FixedPointBinding | null;
    endBinding: FixedPointBinding | null;
-    fixedSegments: readonly FixedSegment[] | null;
    /**
     * Marks that the 3rd point should be used as the 2nd point of the arrow in
     * order to temporarily hide the first segment of the arrow without losing
@@ -379,7 +377,6 @@ export type ExcalidrawFreeDrawElement = _ExcalidrawElementBase &
    points: readonly LocalPoint[];
    pressures: readonly number[];
    simulatePressure: boolean;
-    lastCommittedPoint: LocalPoint | null;
  }>;

 export type FileId = string & { _brand: "FileId" };
@@ -1,31 +1,57 @@
 import {
  DEFAULT_ADAPTIVE_RADIUS,
  DEFAULT_PROPORTIONAL_RADIUS,
+  invariant,
  LINE_CONFIRM_THRESHOLD,
  ROUNDNESS,
 } from "@excalidraw/common";

 import {
+  bezierEquation,
  curve,
  curveCatmullRomCubicApproxPoints,
  curveOffsetPoints,
  lineSegment,
+  lineSegmentIntersectionPoints,
  pointDistance,
  pointFrom,
  pointFromArray,
+  pointFromVector,
+  pointRotateRads,
+  pointTranslate,
  rectangle,
+  vectorFromPoint,
+  vectorNormalize,
+  vectorScale,
  type GlobalPoint,
 } from "@excalidraw/math";

 import type { Curve, LineSegment, LocalPoint } from "@excalidraw/math";

-import type { NormalizedZoomValue, Zoom } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/types";
+import type {
+  AppState,
+  NormalizedZoomValue,
+  Zoom,
+} from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/types";

-import { getDiamondPoints } from "./bounds";
+import { elementCenterPoint, getDiamondPoints } from "./bounds";

 import { generateLinearCollisionShape } from "./shape";

+import { hitElementItself, isPointInElement } from "./collision";
+import { LinearElementEditor } from "./linearElementEditor";
+import { isRectangularElement } from "./typeChecks";
+import { maxBindingDistance_simple } from "./binding";
+
+import {
+  getGlobalFixedPointForBindableElement,
+  normalizeFixedPoint,
+} from "./binding";
+
 import type {
+  ElementsMap,
+  ExcalidrawArrowElement,
+  ExcalidrawBindableElement,
  ExcalidrawDiamondElement,
  ExcalidrawElement,
  ExcalidrawFreeDrawElement,
@@ -315,24 +341,10 @@ export function deconstructRectanguloidElement(
  return shape;
 }

-/**
- * Get the **unrotated** building components of a diamond element
- * in the form of line segments and curves as a tuple, in this order.
- *
- * @param element The element to deconstruct
- * @param offset An optional offset
- * @returns Tuple of line **unrotated** segments (0) and curves (1)
- */
-export function deconstructDiamondElement(
+export function getDiamondBaseCorners(
  element: ExcalidrawDiamondElement,
  offset: number = 0,
-): [LineSegment<GlobalPoint>[], Curve<GlobalPoint>[]] {
-  const cachedShape = getElementShapesCacheEntry(element, offset);
-
-  if (cachedShape) {
-    return cachedShape;
-  }
-
+): Curve<GlobalPoint>[] {
  const [topX, topY, rightX, rightY, bottomX, bottomY, leftX, leftY] =
    getDiamondPoints(element);
  const verticalRadius = element.roundness
@@ -349,7 +361,7 @@ export function deconstructDiamondElement(
    pointFrom(element.x + leftX, element.y + leftY),
  ];

-  const baseCorners = [
+  return [
    curve(
      pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(
        right[0] - verticalRadius,
@@ -399,21 +411,32 @@ export function deconstructDiamondElement(
      ),
    ), // TOP
  ];
+}

-  const corners =
-    offset > 0
-      ? baseCorners.map(
-          (corner) =>
-            curveCatmullRomCubicApproxPoints(
-              curveOffsetPoints(corner, offset),
-            )!,
-        )
-      : [
-          [baseCorners[0]],
-          [baseCorners[1]],
-          [baseCorners[2]],
-          [baseCorners[3]],
-        ];
+/**
+ * Get the **unrotated** building components of a diamond element
+ * in the form of line segments and curves as a tuple, in this order.
+ *
+ * @param element The element to deconstruct
+ * @param offset An optional offset
+ * @returns Tuple of line **unrotated** segments (0) and curves (1)
+ */
+export function deconstructDiamondElement(
+  element: ExcalidrawDiamondElement,
+  offset: number = 0,
+): [LineSegment<GlobalPoint>[], Curve<GlobalPoint>[]] {
+  const cachedShape = getElementShapesCacheEntry(element, offset);
+
+  if (cachedShape) {
+    return cachedShape;
+  }
+
+  const baseCorners = getDiamondBaseCorners(element, offset);
+
+  const corners = baseCorners.map(
+    (corner) =>
+      curveCatmullRomCubicApproxPoints(curveOffsetPoints(corner, offset))!,
+  );

  const sides = [
    lineSegment<GlobalPoint>(
@@ -481,3 +504,243 @@ export const getCornerRadius = (x: number, element: ExcalidrawElement) => {

  return 0;
 };
+
+const getDiagonalsForBindableElement = (
+  element: ExcalidrawElement,
+  elementsMap: ElementsMap,
+) => {
+  // for rectangles, shrink the diagonals a bit because there's something
+  // going on with the focus points around the corners. Ask Mark for details.
+  const OFFSET_PX = element.type === "rectangle" ? 15 : 0;
+  const shrinkSegment = (seg: LineSegment<GlobalPoint>) => {
+    const v = vectorNormalize(vectorFromPoint(seg[1], seg[0]));
+    const offset = vectorScale(v, OFFSET_PX);
+    return lineSegment<GlobalPoint>(
+      pointTranslate(seg[0], offset),
+      pointTranslate(seg[1], vectorScale(offset, -1)),
+    );
+  };
+
+  const center = elementCenterPoint(element, elementsMap);
+  const diagonalOne = shrinkSegment(
+    isRectangularElement(element)
+      ? lineSegment<GlobalPoint>(
+          pointRotateRads(
+            pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(element.x, element.y),
+            center,
+            element.angle,
+          ),
+          pointRotateRads(
+            pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(
+              element.x + element.width,
+              element.y + element.height,
+            ),
+            center,
+            element.angle,
+          ),
+        )
+      : lineSegment<GlobalPoint>(
+          pointRotateRads(
+            pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(element.x + element.width / 2, element.y),
+            center,
+            element.angle,
+          ),
+          pointRotateRads(
+            pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(
+              element.x + element.width / 2,
+              element.y + element.height,
+            ),
+            center,
+            element.angle,
+          ),
+        ),
+  );
+  const diagonalTwo = shrinkSegment(
+    isRectangularElement(element)
+      ? lineSegment<GlobalPoint>(
+          pointRotateRads(
+            pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(element.x + element.width, element.y),
+            center,
+            element.angle,
+          ),
+          pointRotateRads(
+            pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(element.x, element.y + element.height),
+            center,
+            element.angle,
+          ),
+        )
+      : lineSegment<GlobalPoint>(
+          pointRotateRads(
+            pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(element.x, element.y + element.height / 2),
+            center,
+            element.angle,
+          ),
+          pointRotateRads(
+            pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(
+              element.x + element.width,
+              element.y + element.height / 2,
+            ),
+            center,
+            element.angle,
+          ),
+        ),
+  );
+
+  return [diagonalOne, diagonalTwo];
+};
+
+export const getSnapOutlineMidPoint = (
+  point: GlobalPoint,
+  element: ExcalidrawBindableElement,
+  elementsMap: ElementsMap,
+  zoom: AppState["zoom"],
+) => {
+  const center = elementCenterPoint(element, elementsMap);
+  const sideMidpoints =
+    element.type === "diamond"
+      ? getDiamondBaseCorners(element).map((curve) => {
+          const point = bezierEquation(curve, 0.5);
+          const rotatedPoint = pointRotateRads(point, center, element.angle);
+
+          return pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(rotatedPoint[0], rotatedPoint[1]);
+        })
+      : [
+          // RIGHT midpoint
+          pointRotateRads(
+            pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(
+              element.x + element.width,
+              element.y + element.height / 2,
+            ),
+            center,
+            element.angle,
+          ),
+          // BOTTOM midpoint
+          pointRotateRads(
+            pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(
+              element.x + element.width / 2,
+              element.y + element.height,
+            ),
+            center,
+            element.angle,
+          ),
+          // LEFT midpoint
+          pointRotateRads(
+            pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(element.x, element.y + element.height / 2),
+            center,
+            element.angle,
+          ),
+          // TOP midpoint
+          pointRotateRads(
+            pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(element.x + element.width / 2, element.y),
+            center,
+            element.angle,
+          ),
+        ];
+  const candidate = sideMidpoints.find(
+    (midpoint) =>
+      pointDistance(point, midpoint) <=
+        maxBindingDistance_simple(zoom) + element.strokeWidth / 2 &&
+      !hitElementItself({
+        point,
+        element,
+        threshold: 0,
+        elementsMap,
+        overrideShouldTestInside: true,
+      }),
+  );
+
+  return candidate;
+};
+
+export const projectFixedPointOntoDiagonal = (
+  arrow: ExcalidrawArrowElement,
+  point: GlobalPoint,
+  element: ExcalidrawBindableElement,
+  startOrEnd: "start" | "end",
+  elementsMap: ElementsMap,
+  zoom: AppState["zoom"],
+  isMidpointSnappingEnabled: boolean = true,
+): GlobalPoint | null => {
+  invariant(arrow.points.length >= 2, "Arrow must have at least two points");
+  if (arrow.width < 3 && arrow.height < 3) {
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  if (isMidpointSnappingEnabled) {
+    const sideMidPoint = getSnapOutlineMidPoint(
+      point,
+      element,
+      elementsMap,
+      zoom,
+    );
+    if (sideMidPoint) {
+      return sideMidPoint;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Do the projection onto the diagonals (or center lines
+  // for non-rectangular shapes)
+  const [diagonalOne, diagonalTwo] = getDiagonalsForBindableElement(
+    element,
+    elementsMap,
+  );
+
+  // To avoid working with stale arrow state, we use the opposite focus point
+  // of the current endpoint, which will always be unchanged during moving of
+  // the endpoint. This is only needed when the arrow has only two points.
+  let a = LinearElementEditor.getPointAtIndexGlobalCoordinates(
+    arrow,
+    startOrEnd === "start" ? 1 : arrow.points.length - 2,
+    elementsMap,
+  );
+  if (arrow.points.length === 2) {
+    const otherBinding =
+      startOrEnd === "start" ? arrow.endBinding : arrow.startBinding;
+    const otherBindable =
+      otherBinding &&
+      (elementsMap.get(otherBinding.elementId) as
+        | ExcalidrawBindableElement
+        | undefined);
+    const otherFocusPoint =
+      otherBinding &&
+      otherBindable &&
+      getGlobalFixedPointForBindableElement(
+        normalizeFixedPoint(otherBinding.fixedPoint),
+        otherBindable,
+        elementsMap,
+      );
+    if (otherFocusPoint) {
+      a = otherFocusPoint;
+    }
+  }
+
+  const b = pointFromVector<GlobalPoint>(
+    vectorScale(
+      vectorFromPoint(point, a),
+      2 * pointDistance(a, point) +
+        Math.max(
+          pointDistance(diagonalOne[0], diagonalOne[1]),
+          pointDistance(diagonalTwo[0], diagonalTwo[1]),
+        ),
+    ),
+    a,
+  );
+  const intersector = lineSegment<GlobalPoint>(b, a);
+  const p1 = lineSegmentIntersectionPoints(diagonalOne, intersector);
+  const p2 = lineSegmentIntersectionPoints(diagonalTwo, intersector);
+  const d1 = p1 && pointDistance(a, p1);
+  const d2 = p2 && pointDistance(a, p2);
+
+  let projection = null;
+  if (d1 != null && d2 != null) {
+    projection = d1 < d2 ? p1 : p2;
+  } else {
+    projection = p1 || p2 || null;
+  }
+
+  if (projection && isPointInElement(projection, element, elementsMap)) {
+    return projection;
+  }
+
+  return null;
+};
@@ -1,18 +1,24 @@
 import {
  isLineSegment,
  lineSegment,
+  pointDistanceSq,
  pointFrom,
  type GlobalPoint,
  type LocalPoint,
 } from "@excalidraw/math";
+import { type Bounds, isBounds } from "@excalidraw/common";
+import {
+  getElementBounds,
+  intersectElementWithLineSegment,
+  isFreeDrawElement,
+  isLinearElement,
+  isPathALoop,
+} from "@excalidraw/element";

-import { isBounds } from "@excalidraw/element";
-
+import type { ElementsMap, ExcalidrawElement } from "@excalidraw/element/types";
 import type { Curve } from "@excalidraw/math";
 import type { LineSegment } from "@excalidraw/utils";

-import type { Bounds } from "@excalidraw/element";
-
 // The global data holder to collect the debug operations
 declare global {
  interface Window {
@@ -25,10 +31,69 @@ declare global {

 export type DebugElement = {
  color: string;
-  data: LineSegment<GlobalPoint> | Curve<GlobalPoint>;
+  data: LineSegment<GlobalPoint> | Curve<GlobalPoint> | DebugPolygon;
  permanent: boolean;
 };

+export type DebugPolygon = {
+  type: "polygon";
+  points: GlobalPoint[];
+  fill?: boolean;
+  close?: boolean;
+};
+
+export const debugDrawHitVolume = (
+  element: ExcalidrawElement,
+  elementsMap: ElementsMap,
+  options?: {
+    rays?: number;
+    color?: string;
+    fill?: boolean;
+  },
+) => {
+  if (
+    (isLinearElement(element) || isFreeDrawElement(element)) &&
+    !isPathALoop(element.points)
+  ) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  const [x1, y1, x2, y2] = getElementBounds(element, elementsMap);
+  const center = pointFrom<GlobalPoint>((x1 + x2) / 2, (y1 + y2) / 2);
+  const rays = options?.rays ?? 100;
+  const radius = Math.max(x2 - x1, y2 - y1) * 2;
+  const points: GlobalPoint[] = [];
+
+  for (let i = 0; i < rays; i += 1) {
+    const angle = (i / rays) * Math.PI * 2;
+    const end = pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(
+      center[0] + Math.cos(angle) * radius,
+      center[1] + Math.sin(angle) * radius,
+    );
+    const hits = intersectElementWithLineSegment(
+      element,
+      elementsMap,
+      lineSegment(center, end),
+    );
+    if (hits.length === 0) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    hits.sort(pointDistanceSq);
+    points.push(hits[0]);
+  }
+
+  if (points.length >= 3) {
+    debugDrawPolygon(points, {
+      color: options?.color ?? "orange",
+      fill: options?.fill ?? true,
+    });
+  } else {
+    console.warn(
+      `debugDrawHitVolume: could not compute hit volume for element ${element.id}`,
+    );
+  }
+};
+
 export const debugDrawCubicBezier = (
  c: Curve<GlobalPoint>,
  opts?: {
@@ -63,6 +128,31 @@ export const debugDrawLine = (
  );
 };

+export const debugDrawPolygon = (
+  points: GlobalPoint[],
+  opts?: {
+    color?: string;
+    permanent?: boolean;
+    fill?: boolean;
+    close?: boolean;
+  },
+) => {
+  if (points.length < 2) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  addToCurrentFrame({
+    color: opts?.color ?? "orange",
+    permanent: !!opts?.permanent,
+    data: {
+      type: "polygon",
+      points,
+      fill: opts?.fill,
+      close: opts?.close,
+    },
+  });
+};
+
 export const debugDrawPoint = (
  p: GlobalPoint,
  opts?: {
@@ -103,7 +193,7 @@ export const debugDrawBounds = (
    permanent?: boolean;
  },
 ) => {
-  (isBounds(box) ? [box] : box).forEach((bbox) =>
+  (isBounds(box) ? [box] : box).forEach((bbox: Bounds) =>
    debugDrawLine(
      [
        lineSegment(
@@ -139,7 +229,7 @@ export const debugDrawPoints = (
  }: {
    x: number;
    y: number;
-    points: LocalPoint[];
+    points: readonly LocalPoint[];
  },
  options?: any,
 ) => {
@@ -1,18 +1,25 @@
 import { arrayToMap, findIndex, findLastIndex } from "@excalidraw/common";

 import type { AppState } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/types";
+import type { GlobalPoint } from "@excalidraw/math";

-import { isFrameLikeElement } from "./typeChecks";
-
+import { isFrameLikeElement, isTextElement } from "./typeChecks";
 import { getElementsInGroup } from "./groups";
-
 import { syncMovedIndices } from "./fractionalIndex";
-
 import { getSelectedElements } from "./selection";
+import { getBoundTextElement, getContainerElement } from "./textElement";
+import { getHoveredElementForBinding } from "./collision";

 import type { Scene } from "./Scene";
-
-import type { ExcalidrawElement, ExcalidrawFrameLikeElement } from "./types";
+import type {
+  ExcalidrawArrowElement,
+  ExcalidrawElement,
+  ExcalidrawFrameLikeElement,
+  NonDeletedExcalidrawElement,
+  NonDeletedSceneElementsMap,
+  Ordered,
+  OrderedExcalidrawElement,
+} from "./types";

 const isOfTargetFrame = (element: ExcalidrawElement, frameId: string) => {
  return element.frameId === frameId || element.id === frameId;
@@ -139,6 +146,50 @@ const getContiguousFrameRangeElements = (
  return allElements.slice(rangeStart, rangeEnd + 1);
 };

+/**
+ * Moves the arrow element above any bindable elements it intersects with or
+ * hovers over.
+ */
+export const moveArrowAboveBindable = (
+  point: GlobalPoint,
+  arrow: ExcalidrawArrowElement,
+  elements: readonly Ordered<NonDeletedExcalidrawElement>[],
+  elementsMap: NonDeletedSceneElementsMap,
+  scene: Scene,
+  hit?: NonDeletedExcalidrawElement,
+): readonly OrderedExcalidrawElement[] => {
+  const hoveredElement = hit
+    ? hit
+    : getHoveredElementForBinding(point, elements, elementsMap);
+
+  if (!hoveredElement) {
+    return elements;
+  }
+
+  const boundTextElement = getBoundTextElement(hoveredElement, elementsMap);
+  const containerElement = isTextElement(hoveredElement)
+    ? getContainerElement(hoveredElement, elementsMap)
+    : null;
+
+  const bindableIds = [
+    hoveredElement.id,
+    boundTextElement?.id,
+    containerElement?.id,
+  ].filter((id): id is NonDeletedExcalidrawElement["id"] => !!id);
+  const bindableIdx = elements.findIndex((el) => bindableIds.includes(el.id));
+  const arrowIdx = elements.findIndex((el) => el.id === arrow.id);
+
+  if (arrowIdx !== -1 && bindableIdx !== -1 && arrowIdx < bindableIdx) {
+    const updatedElements = Array.from(elements);
+    const arrow = updatedElements.splice(arrowIdx, 1)[0];
+    updatedElements.splice(bindableIdx, 0, arrow);
+
+    scene.replaceAllElements(updatedElements);
+  }
+
+  return elements;
+};
+
 /**
 * Returns next candidate index that's available to be moved to. Currently that
 *  is a non-deleted element, and not inside a group (unless we're editing it).
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ exports[`Test Linear Elements > Test bound text element > should match styles fo
  class="excalidraw-wysiwyg"
  data-type="wysiwyg"
  dir="auto"
-  style="position: absolute; display: inline-block; min-height: 1em; backface-visibility: hidden; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0; resize: none; background: transparent; overflow: hidden; z-index: var(--zIndex-wysiwyg); word-break: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: content-box; width: 10.5px; height: 26.25px; left: 35px; top: 7.5px; transform: translate(0px, 0px) scale(1) rotate(0deg); text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; color: rgb(30, 30, 30); opacity: 1; filter: var(--theme-filter); max-height: 992.5px; font: Emoji 20px 20px; line-height: 1.25; font-family: Excalifont, Xiaolai, sans-serif, Segoe UI Emoji;"
+  style="position: absolute; display: inline-block; min-height: 1em; backface-visibility: hidden; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0; resize: none; background: transparent; overflow: hidden; z-index: var(--zIndex-wysiwyg); word-break: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: content-box; width: 10.5px; height: 26.25px; left: 35px; top: 7.5px; transform: translate(0px, 0px) scale(1) rotate(0deg); text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; color: rgb(30, 30, 30); opacity: 1; max-height: 992.5px; font: Emoji 20px 20px; line-height: 1.25; font-family: Excalifont, Xiaolai, sans-serif, Segoe UI Emoji;"
  tabindex="0"
  wrap="off"
 />
@@ -135,9 +135,9 @@ describe("getElementBounds", () => {
    } as ExcalidrawLinearElement;

    const [x1, y1, x2, y2] = getElementBounds(element, arrayToMap([element]));
-    expect(x1).toEqual(360.3176068760539);
-    expect(y1).toEqual(185.90654264413516);
-    expect(x2).toEqual(480.87005902729743);
-    expect(y2).toEqual(320.4751269334226);
+    expect(x1).toEqual(360.9291017525165);
+    expect(y1).toEqual(185.24770129343722);
+    expect(x2).toEqual(481.4815539037601);
+    expect(y2).toEqual(319.8162855827246);
  });
 });
@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
+import { arrayToMap } from "@excalidraw/common";
 import { type GlobalPoint, type LocalPoint, pointFrom } from "@excalidraw/math";
 import { Excalidraw } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw";
+import { API } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/tests/helpers/api";
 import { UI } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/tests/helpers/ui";
 import "@excalidraw/utils/test-utils";
 import { render } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/tests/test-utils";

+import * as distance from "../src/distance";
 import { hitElementItself } from "../src/collision";

 describe("check rotated elements can be hit:", () => {
@@ -25,8 +28,6 @@ describe("check rotated elements can be hit:", () => {
        [-4, -302],
      ] as LocalPoint[],
    });
-    //const p = [120, -211];
-    //const p = [0, 13];
    const hit = hitElementItself({
      point: pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(88, -68),
      element: window.h.elements[0],
@@ -36,3 +37,182 @@ describe("check rotated elements can be hit:", () => {
    expect(hit).toBe(true);
  });
 });
+
+describe("hitElementItself cache", () => {
+  beforeEach(async () => {
+    // reset cache
+    hitElementItself({
+      point: pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(50, 50),
+      element: API.createElement({
+        type: "rectangle",
+        x: 0,
+        y: 0,
+        width: 100,
+        height: 100,
+        backgroundColor: "#ffffff",
+      }),
+      threshold: Infinity,
+      elementsMap: new Map([]),
+    });
+
+    localStorage.clear();
+    await render(<Excalidraw handleKeyboardGlobally={true} />);
+  });
+
+  it("reuses cached result when threshold increases", () => {
+    const element = API.createElement({
+      type: "rectangle",
+      x: 0,
+      y: 0,
+      width: 100,
+      height: 100,
+      backgroundColor: "#ffffff",
+    });
+    const elementsMap = arrayToMap([element]);
+    const point = pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(100.5, 50);
+
+    const distanceSpy = jest.spyOn(distance, "distanceToElement");
+
+    expect(
+      hitElementItself({
+        point,
+        element,
+        threshold: 1,
+        elementsMap,
+      }),
+    ).toBe(true);
+
+    expect(distanceSpy).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+
+    expect(
+      hitElementItself({
+        point,
+        element,
+        threshold: 10,
+        elementsMap,
+      }),
+    ).toBe(true);
+
+    expect(distanceSpy).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+
+    distanceSpy.mockRestore();
+  });
+
+  it("does not reuse cache when threshold decreases", () => {
+    const element = API.createElement({
+      type: "rectangle",
+      x: 0,
+      y: 0,
+      width: 100,
+      height: 100,
+      backgroundColor: "transparent",
+    });
+    const elementsMap = arrayToMap([element]);
+    const point = pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(105, 50);
+
+    const distanceSpy = jest.spyOn(distance, "distanceToElement");
+
+    expect(
+      hitElementItself({
+        point,
+        element,
+        threshold: 10,
+        elementsMap,
+      }),
+    ).toBe(true);
+
+    expect(distanceSpy).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+
+    expect(
+      hitElementItself({
+        point,
+        element,
+        threshold: 6,
+        elementsMap,
+      }),
+    ).toBe(true);
+
+    expect(distanceSpy).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
+    distanceSpy.mockRestore();
+  });
+
+  it("invalidates cache when element version changes", () => {
+    const element = API.createElement({
+      type: "rectangle",
+      x: 0,
+      y: 0,
+      width: 100,
+      height: 100,
+      backgroundColor: "#ffffff",
+    });
+    const elementsMap = arrayToMap([element]);
+    const point = pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(100.5, 50);
+
+    const distanceSpy = jest.spyOn(distance, "distanceToElement");
+
+    expect(
+      hitElementItself({
+        point,
+        element,
+        threshold: 1,
+        elementsMap,
+      }),
+    ).toBe(true);
+
+    expect(distanceSpy).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+
+    const movedElement = {
+      ...element,
+      version: element.version + 1,
+      versionNonce: element.versionNonce + 1,
+    };
+
+    expect(
+      hitElementItself({
+        point,
+        element: movedElement,
+        threshold: 1,
+        elementsMap,
+      }),
+    ).toBe(true);
+
+    expect(distanceSpy).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
+    distanceSpy.mockRestore();
+  });
+
+  it("override does not affect caching", () => {
+    const element = API.createElement({
+      type: "rectangle",
+      x: 0,
+      y: 0,
+      width: 100,
+      height: 100,
+      backgroundColor: "transparent",
+    });
+    const elementsMap = arrayToMap([element]);
+    const point = pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(50, 50);
+
+    const distanceSpy = jest.spyOn(distance, "distanceToElement");
+
+    expect(
+      hitElementItself({
+        point,
+        element,
+        threshold: 10,
+        elementsMap,
+      }),
+    ).toBe(false);
+
+    expect(distanceSpy).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+
+    expect(
+      hitElementItself({
+        point,
+        element,
+        threshold: 10,
+        elementsMap,
+        overrideShouldTestInside: true,
+      }),
+    ).toBe(true);
+  });
+});
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More