Merge branch 'master' into mtolmacs/transparent-bind-hit

Signed-off-by: Mark Tolmacs <mark@lazycat.hu>

.github/workflows/autorelease-excalidraw.yml

@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@34e114876b0b11c390a56381ad16ebd13914f8d5 # v4
         with:
           fetch-depth: 2
       - name: Setup Node.js
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v2
+        uses: actions/setup-node@49933ea5288caeca8642d1e84afbd3f7d6820020 # v4
         with:
           node-version: 20.x
       - name: Set up publish access

.github/workflows/build-docker.yml

@@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ jobs:
   build-docker:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@34e114876b0b11c390a56381ad16ebd13914f8d5 # v4
       - run: docker build -t excalidraw .

.github/workflows/lint.yml

@@ -7,10 +7,10 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@34e114876b0b11c390a56381ad16ebd13914f8d5 # v4
 
       - name: Setup Node.js
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v2
+        uses: actions/setup-node@49933ea5288caeca8642d1e84afbd3f7d6820020 # v4
         with:
           node-version: 20.x
 

.github/workflows/locales-coverage.yml

@@ -10,12 +10,12 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@34e114876b0b11c390a56381ad16ebd13914f8d5 # v4
         with:
           token: ${{ secrets.PUSH_TRANSLATIONS_COVERAGE_PAT }}
 
       - name: Setup Node.js
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v2
+        uses: actions/setup-node@49933ea5288caeca8642d1e84afbd3f7d6820020 # v4
         with:
           node-version: 20.x
 

.github/workflows/publish-docker.yml

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@34e114876b0b11c390a56381ad16ebd13914f8d5 # v4
       - name: Login to DockerHub
         uses: docker/login-action@465a07811f14bebb1938fbed4728c6a1ff8901fc # v2
         with:

.github/workflows/semantic-pr-title.yml

@@ -6,11 +6,97 @@ on:
       - opened
       - edited
       - synchronize
+      - labeled
+      - unlabeled
 
 jobs:
   semantic:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      pull-requests: read
     steps:
       - uses: amannn/action-semantic-pull-request@e32d7e603df1aa1ba07e981f2a23455dee596825 # v5
+        with:
+          requireScope: true
+          scopes: |
+            app
+            editor
+            packages/excalidraw
+            packages/utils
+            docker
+            repo
+          ignoreLabels: |
+            skip-semantic-title
         env:
           GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+  label-scope:
+    needs: semantic
+    if: github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name == github.repository
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      issues: write
+      pull-requests: write
+    steps:
+      - name: Label scoped PR
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          PR_NUMBER: ${{ github.event.pull_request.number }}
+          PR_TITLE: ${{ github.event.pull_request.title }}
+          REPOSITORY: ${{ github.repository }}
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+
+          scope_labels=(s-app s-editor s-package)
+
+          readarray -t desired_labels < <(
+            node <<'NODE'
+          const title = process.env.PR_TITLE;
+          const match = title.match(/^[a-z]+(?:\(([^)]+)\))?!?:/i);
+          const scopes = match?.[1]?.split(",").map((scope) => scope.trim()) ?? [];
+          const labels = new Set();
+
+          for (const scope of scopes) {
+            if (scope === "app") {
+              labels.add("s-app");
+            } else if (scope === "editor") {
+              labels.add("s-editor");
+            } else if (scope.startsWith("packages/")) {
+              labels.add("s-package");
+            }
+          }
+
+          process.stdout.write([...labels].join("\n"));
+          NODE
+          )
+
+          should_apply_label() {
+            local label="$1"
+
+            for desired_label in "${desired_labels[@]}"; do
+              if [[ "$desired_label" == "$label" ]]; then
+                return 0
+              fi
+            done
+
+            return 1
+          }
+
+          for label in "${scope_labels[@]}"; do
+            if ! should_apply_label "$label"; then
+              gh api \
+                --method DELETE \
+                "repos/${REPOSITORY}/issues/${PR_NUMBER}/labels/${label}" \
+                --silent 2>/dev/null || true
+            fi
+          done
+
+          for label in "${desired_labels[@]}"; do
+            if ! gh api \
+              --method POST \
+              "repos/${REPOSITORY}/issues/${PR_NUMBER}/labels" \
+              --field "labels[]=${label}" \
+              --silent; then
+              echo "::warning::Could not apply ${label}. The workflow token likely does not have issues:write permission for this PR."
+            fi
+          done

.github/workflows/sentry-production.yml

@@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ jobs:
   sentry:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@34e114876b0b11c390a56381ad16ebd13914f8d5 # v4
       - name: Setup Node.js
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v2
+        uses: actions/setup-node@49933ea5288caeca8642d1e84afbd3f7d6820020 # v4
         with:
           node-version: 20.x
       - name: Install and build

.github/workflows/size-limit.yml

@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ jobs:
       CI_JOB_NUMBER: 1
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@34e114876b0b11c390a56381ad16ebd13914f8d5 # v4
       - name: Setup Node.js
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v3
+        uses: actions/setup-node@49933ea5288caeca8642d1e84afbd3f7d6820020 # v4
         with:
           node-version: 20.x
       - name: Install in packages/excalidraw

.github/workflows/test-coverage-pr.yml

@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ jobs:
       pull-requests: write
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@34e114876b0b11c390a56381ad16ebd13914f8d5 # v4
       - name: "Install Node"
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v2
+        uses: actions/setup-node@49933ea5288caeca8642d1e84afbd3f7d6820020 # v4
         with:
           node-version: "20.x"
       - name: "Install Deps"

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ jobs:
   test:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@34e114876b0b11c390a56381ad16ebd13914f8d5 # v4
       - name: Setup Node.js
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        uses: actions/setup-node@49933ea5288caeca8642d1e84afbd3f7d6820020 # v4
         with:
           node-version: 20.x
       - name: Install and test

Dockerfile

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM --platform=${BUILDPLATFORM} node:24 AS build
+FROM --platform=${BUILDPLATFORM} node:24@sha256:8530f76a96d88820d288761f022e318970dda93d01536919fbc16076b7983e63 AS build
 
 WORKDIR /opt/node_app
 
@@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ COPY . .
 # do not ignore optional dependencies:
 # Error: Cannot find module @rollup/rollup-linux-x64-gnu
 RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.cache/yarn \
-    npm_config_target_arch=${TARGETARCH} yarn --network-timeout 600000
+    npm_config_target_arch=${TARGETARCH} yarn --frozen-lockfile --network-timeout 600000
 
 ARG NODE_ENV=production
 
 RUN npm_config_target_arch=${TARGETARCH} yarn build:app:docker
 
-FROM nginx:1.27-alpine
+FROM nginx:stable-alpine-slim@sha256:2c605dbeab79a6b2a63340474fe58119d0ef95bdc4b1f41df0aa689659b3d13b
 
 COPY --from=build /opt/node_app/excalidraw-app/build /usr/share/nginx/html
 

excalidraw-app/data/LocalData.ts

@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@ import {
   get,
 } from "idb-keyval";
 
-import { appJotaiStore, atom } from "excalidraw-app/app-jotai";
 import { getNonDeletedElements } from "@excalidraw/element";
 
 import type { LibraryPersistedData } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/data/library";
@@ -39,6 +38,7 @@ import type {
 } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/types";
 import type { MaybePromise } from "@excalidraw/common/utility-types";
 
+import { appJotaiStore, atom } from "../app-jotai";
 import { SAVE_TO_LOCAL_STORAGE_TIMEOUT, STORAGE_KEYS } from "../app_constants";
 
 import { FileManager } from "./FileManager";

excalidraw-app/vite.config.mts

@@ -75,6 +75,13 @@ export default defineConfig(({ mode }) => {
           find: /^@excalidraw\/utils\/(.*?)/,
           replacement: path.resolve(__dirname, "../packages/utils/src/$1"),
         },
+        {
+          find: /^@excalidraw\/fractional-indexing$/,
+          replacement: path.resolve(
+            __dirname,
+            "../packages/fractional-indexing/src/index.ts",
+          ),
+        },
       ],
     },
     build: {

package.json

@@ -56,7 +56,8 @@
     "build:element": "yarn --cwd ./packages/element build:esm",
     "build:excalidraw": "yarn --cwd ./packages/excalidraw build:esm",
     "build:math": "yarn --cwd ./packages/math build:esm",
-    "build:packages": "yarn build:common && yarn build:math && yarn build:element && yarn build:excalidraw",
+    "build:fractional-indexing": "yarn --cwd ./packages/fractional-indexing build:esm",
+    "build:packages": "yarn build:common && yarn build:fractional-indexing && yarn build:math && yarn build:element && yarn build:excalidraw",
     "build:version": "yarn --cwd ./excalidraw-app build:version",
     "build": "yarn --cwd ./excalidraw-app build",
     "build:preview": "yarn --cwd ./excalidraw-app build:preview",

packages/common/src/constants.ts

@@ -337,9 +337,10 @@ export const MAX_DECIMALS_FOR_SVG_EXPORT = 2;
 export const EXPORT_SCALES = [1, 2, 3];
 export const DEFAULT_EXPORT_PADDING = 10; // px
 
-export const DEFAULT_MAX_IMAGE_WIDTH_OR_HEIGHT = 1440;
-
-export const MAX_ALLOWED_FILE_BYTES = 4 * 1024 * 1024;
+export const DEFAULT_IMAGE_OPTIONS: AppProps["imageOptions"] = {
+  maxWidthOrHeight: 1440,
+  maxFileSizeBytes: 4 * 1024 * 1024,
+};
 
 export const SVG_NS = "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg";
 export const SVG_DOCUMENT_PREAMBLE = `<?xml version="1.0" standalone="no"?>

packages/element/package.json

@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@
   },
   "dependencies": {
     "@excalidraw/common": "0.18.0",
-    "@excalidraw/math": "0.18.0"
+    "@excalidraw/math": "0.18.0",
+    "@excalidraw/fractional-indexing": "3.3.0"
   }
 }

packages/element/src/Scene.ts

@@ -338,29 +338,20 @@ export class Scene {
     this.callbacks.clear();
   }
 
-  insertElementAtIndex(element: ExcalidrawElement, index: number) {
-    if (!Number.isFinite(index) || index < 0) {
-      throw new Error(
-        "insertElementAtIndex can only be called with index >= 0",
-      );
-    }
-
-    const nextElements = [
-      ...this.elements.slice(0, index),
-      element,
-      ...this.elements.slice(index),
-    ];
-
-    syncMovedIndices(nextElements, arrayToMap([element]));
-
-    this.replaceAllElements(nextElements);
-  }
-
-  insertElementsAtIndex(elements: ExcalidrawElement[], index: number) {
+  /** low-level - generally use app.insertNewElements() */
+  insertElementsAtIndex(
+    elements: ExcalidrawElement[],
+    /** null indicates end of the array */
+    index: number | null,
+  ) {
     if (!elements.length) {
       return;
     }
 
+    if (index === null) {
+      index = this.elements.length;
+    }
+
     if (!Number.isFinite(index) || index < 0) {
       throw new Error(
         "insertElementAtIndex can only be called with index >= 0",
@@ -378,24 +369,9 @@ export class Scene {
     this.replaceAllElements(nextElements);
   }
 
+  /** low-level - generally use app.insertNewElement() */
   insertElement = (element: ExcalidrawElement) => {
-    const index = element.frameId
-      ? this.getElementIndex(element.frameId)
-      : this.elements.length;
-
-    this.insertElementAtIndex(element, index);
-  };
-
-  insertElements = (elements: ExcalidrawElement[]) => {
-    if (!elements.length) {
-      return;
-    }
-
-    const index = elements[0]?.frameId
-      ? this.getElementIndex(elements[0].frameId)
-      : this.elements.length;
-
-    this.insertElementsAtIndex(elements, index);
+    this.insertElementsAtIndex([element], null);
   };
 
   getElementIndex(elementId: string) {

packages/element/src/arrows/focus.ts

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ import {
   getBindingGap,
   getGlobalFixedPointForBindableElement,
   isBindingEnabled,
-  maxBindingDistance_simple,
   unbindBindingElement,
   updateBoundPoint,
 } from "../binding";
@@ -20,7 +19,7 @@ import {
   isElbowArrow,
 } from "../typeChecks";
 import { LinearElementEditor } from "../linearElementEditor";
-import { getHoveredElementForFocusPoint, hitElementItself } from "../collision";
+import { getHoveredElementForBinding, hitElementItself } from "../collision";
 import { moveArrowAboveBindable } from "../zindex";
 
 import type {
@@ -92,7 +91,7 @@ export const isFocusPointVisible = (
       element: bindableElement,
       elementsMap,
       point: focusPoint,
-      threshold: getBindingGap(bindableElement, arrow),
+      threshold: getBindingGap(bindableElement),
       overrideShouldTestInside: true,
     })
   );
@@ -234,12 +233,12 @@ export const handleFocusPointDrag = (
     pointerCoords.y - offsetY,
   );
   const bindingField = isStartBinding ? "startBinding" : "endBinding";
-  const hit = getHoveredElementForFocusPoint(
-    point,
+  const hit = getHoveredElementForBinding(
     arrow,
+    point,
     scene.getNonDeletedElements(),
     elementsMap,
-    maxBindingDistance_simple(appState.zoom),
+    appState.zoom,
   );
 
   // Hovering a bindable element
@@ -270,6 +269,7 @@ export const handleFocusPointDrag = (
         newMode || "orbit",
         linearElementEditor.draggedFocusPointBinding,
         scene,
+        appState.zoom,
         point,
       );
     }

packages/element/src/binding.ts

@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ import { updateElbowArrowPoints } from "./elbowArrow";
 import {
   deconstructDiamondElement,
   deconstructRectanguloidElement,
+  getSnapOutlineMidPoint,
   projectFixedPointOntoDiagonal,
 } from "./utils";
 
@@ -110,18 +111,13 @@ export type BindingStrategy =
  * IMPORTANT: currently must be > 0 (this also applies to the computed gap)
  */
 export const BASE_BINDING_GAP = 5;
-export const BASE_BINDING_GAP_ELBOW = 5;
 export const BASE_ARROW_MIN_LENGTH = 10;
 export const FOCUS_POINT_SIZE = 10 / 1.5;
 
 export const getBindingGap = (
   bindTarget: ExcalidrawBindableElement,
-  opts: Pick<ExcalidrawArrowElement, "elbowed">,
 ): number => {
-  return (
-    (opts.elbowed ? BASE_BINDING_GAP_ELBOW : BASE_BINDING_GAP) +
-    bindTarget.strokeWidth / 2
-  );
+  return BASE_BINDING_GAP + bindTarget.strokeWidth / 2;
 };
 
 export const maxBindingDistance_simple = (zoom?: AppState["zoom"]): number => {
@@ -175,6 +171,7 @@ export const bindOrUnbindBindingElement = (
     start,
     "start",
     scene,
+    appState.zoom,
     appState.isBindingEnabled,
   );
   bindOrUnbindBindingElementEdge(
@@ -182,6 +179,7 @@ export const bindOrUnbindBindingElement = (
     end,
     "end",
     scene,
+    appState.zoom,
     appState.isBindingEnabled,
   );
   if (start.focusPoint || end.focusPoint) {
@@ -226,6 +224,7 @@ const bindOrUnbindBindingElementEdge = (
   { mode, element, focusPoint }: BindingStrategy,
   startOrEnd: "start" | "end",
   scene: Scene,
+  zoom: AppState["zoom"],
   shouldSnapToOutline = true,
 ): void => {
   if (mode === null) {
@@ -238,6 +237,7 @@ const bindOrUnbindBindingElementEdge = (
       mode,
       startOrEnd,
       scene,
+      zoom,
       focusPoint,
       shouldSnapToOutline,
     );
@@ -270,10 +270,11 @@ const bindingStrategyForElbowArrowEndpointDragging = (
     elementsMap,
   );
   const hit = getHoveredElementForBinding(
+    arrow,
     globalPoint,
     elements,
     elementsMap,
-    maxBindingDistance_simple(zoom),
+    zoom,
   );
 
   const current = hit
@@ -321,7 +322,7 @@ const bindingStrategyForNewSimpleArrowEndpointDragging = (
     draggingPoints.get(startDragged ? startIdx : endIdx)!.point,
     elementsMap,
   );
-  const hit = getHoveredElementForBinding(point, elements, elementsMap);
+  const hit = getHoveredElementForBinding(arrow, point, elements, elementsMap);
 
   // With new arrows this handles the binding at arrow creation
   if (startDragged) {
@@ -366,7 +367,12 @@ const bindingStrategyForNewSimpleArrowEndpointDragging = (
     // Check and handle nested shapes
     if (hit && arrow.startBinding) {
       const startBinding = arrow.startBinding;
-      const allHits = getAllHoveredElementAtPoint(point, elements, elementsMap);
+      const allHits = getAllHoveredElementAtPoint(
+        arrow,
+        point,
+        elements,
+        elementsMap,
+      );
 
       if (allHits.find((el) => el.id === startBinding.elementId)) {
         const otherElement = elementsMap.get(
@@ -468,9 +474,9 @@ const bindingStrategyForSimpleArrowEndpointDragging_complex = (
   let other: BindingStrategy = { mode: undefined };
 
   const isMultiPoint = arrow.points.length > 2;
-  const hit = getHoveredElementForBinding(point, elements, elementsMap);
+  const hit = getHoveredElementForBinding(arrow, point, elements, elementsMap);
   const isOverlapping = oppositeBinding
-    ? getAllHoveredElementAtPoint(point, elements, elementsMap).some(
+    ? getAllHoveredElementAtPoint(arrow, point, elements, elementsMap).some(
         (el) => el.id === oppositeBinding.elementId,
       )
     : false;
@@ -695,10 +701,11 @@ const getBindingStrategyForDraggingBindingElementEndpoints_simple = (
     elementsMap,
   );
   const hit = getHoveredElementForBinding(
+    arrow,
     globalPoint,
     elements,
     elementsMap,
-    maxBindingDistance_simple(appState.zoom),
+    appState.zoom,
   );
   const pointInElement =
     hit &&
@@ -734,12 +741,11 @@ const getBindingStrategyForDraggingBindingElementEndpoints_simple = (
     });
 
   // Handle outside-outside binding to the same element
-  if (otherBinding && otherBinding.elementId === hit?.id) {
-    invariant(
-      !opts?.newArrow || appState.selectedLinearElement?.initialState.origin,
-      "appState.selectedLinearElement.initialState.origin must be defined for new arrows",
-    );
-
+  if (
+    otherBinding &&
+    otherBinding.elementId === hit?.id &&
+    (!opts?.newArrow || appState.selectedLinearElement?.initialState.origin)
+  ) {
     return {
       start: {
         mode: "inside",
@@ -1020,6 +1026,7 @@ export const bindBindingElement = (
   mode: BindMode,
   startOrEnd: "start" | "end",
   scene: Scene,
+  zoom: AppState["zoom"],
   focusPoint?: GlobalPoint,
   shouldSnapToOutline = true,
 ): void => {
@@ -1036,6 +1043,7 @@ export const bindBindingElement = (
         hoveredElement,
         startOrEnd,
         elementsMap,
+        zoom,
         shouldSnapToOutline,
       ),
     };
@@ -1260,6 +1268,7 @@ const updateArrowBindings = (
         strategy[strategyName].mode,
         strategyName,
         scene,
+        appState.zoom,
         strategy[strategyName].focusPoint,
       );
     }
@@ -1369,6 +1378,7 @@ export const bindPointToSnapToElementOutline = (
   bindableElement: ExcalidrawBindableElement,
   startOrEnd: "start" | "end",
   elementsMap: ElementsMap,
+  zoom: AppState["zoom"],
   customIntersector?: LineSegment<GlobalPoint>,
   isMidpointSnappingEnabled = true,
 ): GlobalPoint => {
@@ -1401,7 +1411,7 @@ export const bindPointToSnapToElementOutline = (
           startOrEnd === "start" ? 1 : -2,
           elementsMap,
         );
-  const bindingGap = getBindingGap(bindableElement, arrowElement);
+  const bindingGap = getBindingGap(bindableElement);
   const aabb = aabbForElement(bindableElement, elementsMap);
   const bindableCenter = getCenterForBounds(aabb);
 
@@ -1411,7 +1421,13 @@ export const bindPointToSnapToElementOutline = (
       headingForPointFromElement(bindableElement, aabb, point),
     );
     const snapPoint = isMidpointSnappingEnabled
-      ? snapToMid(bindableElement, elementsMap, edgePoint, 0.05, arrowElement)
+      ? getSnapOutlineMidPoint(
+          edgePoint,
+          bindableElement,
+          elementsMap,
+          zoom,
+          arrowElement,
+        )
       : undefined;
     const resolved = snapPoint || point;
     const otherPoint = pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(
@@ -1456,7 +1472,7 @@ export const bindPointToSnapToElementOutline = (
         bindableElement,
         elementsMap,
         anotherIntersector,
-        BASE_BINDING_GAP_ELBOW,
+        BASE_BINDING_GAP,
       ).sort(pointDistanceSq)[0];
     }
   } else {
@@ -1515,7 +1531,7 @@ export const avoidRectangularCorner = (
     -bindTarget.angle as Radians,
   );
 
-  const bindingGap = getBindingGap(bindTarget, arrowElement);
+  const bindingGap = getBindingGap(bindTarget);
 
   if (nonRotatedPoint[0] < bindTarget.x && nonRotatedPoint[1] < bindTarget.y) {
     // Top left
@@ -1593,121 +1609,6 @@ export const avoidRectangularCorner = (
   return p;
 };
 
-export const snapToMid = (
-  bindTarget: ExcalidrawBindableElement,
-  elementsMap: ElementsMap,
-  p: GlobalPoint,
-  tolerance: number = 0.05,
-  arrowElement?: ExcalidrawArrowElement,
-): GlobalPoint | undefined => {
-  const { x, y, width, height, angle } = bindTarget;
-  const center = elementCenterPoint(bindTarget, elementsMap, -0.1, -0.1);
-  const nonRotated = pointRotateRads(p, center, -angle as Radians);
-
-  const bindingGap = arrowElement ? getBindingGap(bindTarget, arrowElement) : 0;
-
-  // snap-to-center point is adaptive to element size, but we don't want to go
-  // above and below certain px distance
-  const verticalThreshold = clamp(tolerance * height, 5, 80);
-  const horizontalThreshold = clamp(tolerance * width, 5, 80);
-
-  // Too close to the center makes it hard to resolve direction precisely
-  if (pointDistance(center, nonRotated) < bindingGap) {
-    return undefined;
-  }
-
-  if (
-    nonRotated[0] <= x + width / 2 &&
-    nonRotated[1] > center[1] - verticalThreshold &&
-    nonRotated[1] < center[1] + verticalThreshold
-  ) {
-    // LEFT
-    return pointRotateRads(
-      pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(x - bindingGap, center[1]),
-      center,
-      angle,
-    );
-  } else if (
-    nonRotated[1] <= y + height / 2 &&
-    nonRotated[0] > center[0] - horizontalThreshold &&
-    nonRotated[0] < center[0] + horizontalThreshold
-  ) {
-    // TOP
-    return pointRotateRads(
-      pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(center[0], y - bindingGap),
-      center,
-      angle,
-    );
-  } else if (
-    nonRotated[0] >= x + width / 2 &&
-    nonRotated[1] > center[1] - verticalThreshold &&
-    nonRotated[1] < center[1] + verticalThreshold
-  ) {
-    // RIGHT
-    return pointRotateRads(
-      pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(x + width + bindingGap, center[1]),
-      center,
-      angle,
-    );
-  } else if (
-    nonRotated[1] >= y + height / 2 &&
-    nonRotated[0] > center[0] - horizontalThreshold &&
-    nonRotated[0] < center[0] + horizontalThreshold
-  ) {
-    // DOWN
-    return pointRotateRads(
-      pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(center[0], y + height + bindingGap),
-      center,
-      angle,
-    );
-  } else if (bindTarget.type === "diamond") {
-    const distance = bindingGap;
-    const topLeft = pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(
-      x + width / 4 - distance,
-      y + height / 4 - distance,
-    );
-    const topRight = pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(
-      x + (3 * width) / 4 + distance,
-      y + height / 4 - distance,
-    );
-    const bottomLeft = pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(
-      x + width / 4 - distance,
-      y + (3 * height) / 4 + distance,
-    );
-    const bottomRight = pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(
-      x + (3 * width) / 4 + distance,
-      y + (3 * height) / 4 + distance,
-    );
-
-    if (
-      pointDistance(topLeft, nonRotated) <
-      Math.max(horizontalThreshold, verticalThreshold)
-    ) {
-      return pointRotateRads(topLeft, center, angle);
-    }
-    if (
-      pointDistance(topRight, nonRotated) <
-      Math.max(horizontalThreshold, verticalThreshold)
-    ) {
-      return pointRotateRads(topRight, center, angle);
-    }
-    if (
-      pointDistance(bottomLeft, nonRotated) <
-      Math.max(horizontalThreshold, verticalThreshold)
-    ) {
-      return pointRotateRads(bottomLeft, center, angle);
-    }
-    if (
-      pointDistance(bottomRight, nonRotated) <
-      Math.max(horizontalThreshold, verticalThreshold)
-    ) {
-      return pointRotateRads(bottomRight, center, angle);
-    }
-  }
-
-  return undefined;
-};
-
 const extractBinding = (
   arrow: ExcalidrawArrowElement,
   startOrEnd: "startBinding" | "endBinding",
@@ -1808,7 +1709,7 @@ export const updateBoundPoint = (
       otherBindable,
       elementsMap,
       intersector,
-      getBindingGap(otherBindable, arrow),
+      getBindingGap(otherBindable),
     ).sort(
       (a, b) => pointDistanceSq(a, focusPoint) - pointDistanceSq(b, focusPoint),
     )[0];
@@ -1818,7 +1719,7 @@ export const updateBoundPoint = (
       bindableElement,
       elementsMap,
       intersector,
-      getBindingGap(bindableElement, arrow),
+      getBindingGap(bindableElement),
     ).sort(
       (a, b) =>
         pointDistanceSq(a, otherFocusPointOrArrowPoint) -
@@ -1846,7 +1747,7 @@ export const updateBoundPoint = (
       element: otherBindable,
       point: outlinePoint,
       elementsMap,
-      threshold: getBindingGap(otherBindable, arrow),
+      threshold: getBindingGap(otherBindable),
       overrideShouldTestInside: true,
     })
   ) {
@@ -1907,6 +1808,7 @@ export const calculateFixedPointForElbowArrowBinding = (
   hoveredElement: ExcalidrawBindableElement,
   startOrEnd: "start" | "end",
   elementsMap: ElementsMap,
+  zoom: AppState["zoom"],
   shouldSnapToOutline = true,
   isMidpointSnappingEnabled = true,
 ): { fixedPoint: FixedPoint } => {
@@ -1922,6 +1824,7 @@ export const calculateFixedPointForElbowArrowBinding = (
         hoveredElement,
         startOrEnd,
         elementsMap,
+        zoom,
         undefined,
         isMidpointSnappingEnabled,
       )

packages/element/src/collision.ts

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ import type {
   Radians,
 } from "@excalidraw/math";
 
-import type { FrameNameBounds } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/types";
+import type { AppState, FrameNameBounds } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/types";
 
 import { isPathALoop } from "./utils";
 import {
@@ -59,11 +59,12 @@ import { LinearElementEditor } from "./linearElementEditor";
 
 import { distanceToElement } from "./distance";
 
-import { getBindingGap } from "./binding";
+import { getBindingGap, maxBindingDistance_simple } from "./binding";
+
+import { hasBackground } from "./comparisons";
 
 import type {
   ElementsMap,
-  ExcalidrawArrowElement,
   ExcalidrawBindableElement,
   ExcalidrawDiamondElement,
   ExcalidrawElement,
@@ -83,7 +84,7 @@ export const shouldTestInside = (element: ExcalidrawElement) => {
   }
 
   const isDraggableFromInside =
-    !isTransparent(element.backgroundColor) ||
+    (hasBackground(element.type) && !isTransparent(element.backgroundColor)) ||
     hasBoundTextElement(element) ||
     isIframeLikeElement(element) ||
     isTextElement(element);
@@ -252,25 +253,20 @@ export const hitElementBoundText = (
   return isPointInElement(point, boundTextElement, elementsMap);
 };
 
-const bindingBorderTest = (
+const bindableElementBorderDistanceIfClose = (
   element: NonDeleted<ExcalidrawBindableElement>,
-  [x, y]: Readonly<GlobalPoint>,
-  elementsMap: NonDeletedSceneElementsMap,
+  point: GlobalPoint,
+  elementsMap: ElementsMap,
   tolerance: number = 0,
-): boolean => {
-  const p = pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(x, y);
-  const shouldTestInside =
-    // disable fullshape snapping for frame elements so we
-    // can bind to frame children
-    !isFrameLikeElement(element);
-
+) => {
   // PERF: Run a cheap test to see if the binding element
   // is even close to the element
+  const [x, y] = point;
   const t = Math.max(1, tolerance);
   const bounds = [x - t, y - t, x + t, y + t] as Bounds;
   const elementBounds = getElementBounds(element, elementsMap);
   if (!doBoundsIntersect(bounds, elementBounds)) {
-    return false;
+    return -Infinity;
   }
 
   // If the element is inside a frame, we should clip the element
@@ -281,33 +277,29 @@ const bindingBorderTest = (
         enclosingFrame,
         elementsMap,
       );
-      if (!pointInsideBounds(p, enclosingFrameBounds)) {
-        return false;
+      if (!pointInsideBounds(point, enclosingFrameBounds)) {
+        return -Infinity;
       }
     }
   }
 
-  // Do the intersection test against the element since it's close enough
-  const intersections = intersectElementWithLineSegment(
-    element,
-    elementsMap,
-    lineSegment(elementCenterPoint(element, elementsMap), p),
-  );
-  const distance = distanceToElement(element, elementsMap, p);
+  const distance = distanceToElement(element, elementsMap, point);
+  if (isPointInElement(point, element, elementsMap)) {
+    return distance;
+  }
 
-  return shouldTestInside
-    ? intersections.length === 0 || distance <= tolerance
-    : intersections.length > 0 && distance <= t;
+  return distance > tolerance ? -Infinity : -distance;
 };
 
 export const getAllHoveredElementAtPoint = (
+  arrow: { elbowed: boolean },
   point: Readonly<GlobalPoint>,
   elements: readonly Ordered<NonDeletedExcalidrawElement>[],
   elementsMap: NonDeletedSceneElementsMap,
   tolerance?: number,
 ): NonDeleted<ExcalidrawBindableElement>[] => {
   const candidateElements: NonDeleted<ExcalidrawBindableElement>[] = [];
-  // We need to to hit testing from front (end of the array) to back (beginning of the array)
+  // We need to do hit testing from front (end of the array) to back (beginning of the array)
   // because array is ordered from lower z-index to highest and we want element z-index
   // with higher z-index
   for (let index = elements.length - 1; index >= 0; --index) {
@@ -320,11 +312,20 @@ export const getAllHoveredElementAtPoint = (
 
     if (
       isBindableElement(element, false) &&
-      bindingBorderTest(element, point, elementsMap, tolerance)
+      hitElementItself({
+        element,
+        point,
+        elementsMap,
+        threshold: tolerance ?? getBindingGap(element),
+        overrideShouldTestInside: true,
+      })
     ) {
       candidateElements.push(element);
 
-      if (!isTransparent(element.backgroundColor)) {
+      if (
+        hasBackground(element.type) &&
+        !isTransparent(element.backgroundColor)
+      ) {
         break;
       }
     }
@@ -334,82 +335,92 @@ export const getAllHoveredElementAtPoint = (
 };
 
 export const getHoveredElementForBinding = (
+  arrow: { elbowed: boolean },
   point: Readonly<GlobalPoint>,
   elements: readonly Ordered<NonDeletedExcalidrawElement>[],
   elementsMap: NonDeletedSceneElementsMap,
-  tolerance?: number,
+  zoom?: AppState["zoom"],
 ): NonDeleted<ExcalidrawBindableElement> | null => {
-  const candidateElements = getAllHoveredElementAtPoint(
-    point,
-    elements,
-    elementsMap,
-    tolerance,
-  );
+  type Candidate = {
+    element: NonDeleted<ExcalidrawBindableElement>;
+    distance: number;
+    overlapPercent?: number;
+    relativeArea?: number;
+  };
 
-  if (!candidateElements || candidateElements.length === 0) {
-    return null;
-  }
-
-  if (candidateElements.length === 1) {
-    return candidateElements[0];
-  }
-
-  // Prefer smaller shapes
-  return candidateElements
-    .sort(
-      (a, b) => b.width ** 2 + b.height ** 2 - (a.width ** 2 + a.height ** 2),
-    )
-    .pop() as NonDeleted<ExcalidrawBindableElement>;
-};
-
-export const getHoveredElementForFocusPoint = (
-  point: GlobalPoint,
-  arrow: ExcalidrawArrowElement,
-  elements: readonly Ordered<NonDeletedExcalidrawElement>[],
-  elementsMap: NonDeletedSceneElementsMap,
-  tolerance?: number,
-): ExcalidrawBindableElement | null => {
-  const candidateElements: NonDeleted<ExcalidrawBindableElement>[] = [];
-  // We need to to hit testing from front (end of the array) to back (beginning of the array)
-  // because array is ordered from lower z-index to highest and we want element z-index
-  // with higher z-index
+  const candidates: Candidate[] = [];
   for (let index = elements.length - 1; index >= 0; --index) {
     const element = elements[index];
 
-    invariant(
-      !element.isDeleted,
-      "Elements in the function parameter for getAllElementsAtPositionForBinding() should not contain deleted elements",
+    if (!isBindableElement(element, false)) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    const maxDistance = maxBindingDistance_simple(zoom);
+    const distance = bindableElementBorderDistanceIfClose(
+      element,
+      point,
+      elementsMap,
+      maxDistance,
     );
 
-    if (
-      isBindableElement(element, false) &&
-      bindingBorderTest(element, point, elementsMap, tolerance)
-    ) {
-      candidateElements.push(element);
+    if (distance > -maxDistance) {
+      candidates.push({ element, distance });
+
+      if (!isTransparent(element.backgroundColor) && distance >= 0) {
+        break;
+      }
     }
   }
 
-  if (!candidateElements || candidateElements.length === 0) {
+  if (candidates.length === 0) {
     return null;
   }
 
-  if (candidateElements.length === 1) {
-    return candidateElements[0];
+  if (candidates.length === 1) {
+    return candidates[0].element;
   }
 
-  const distanceFilteredCandidateElements = candidateElements
-    // Resolve by distance
-    .filter(
-      (el) =>
-        distanceToElement(el, elementsMap, point) <= getBindingGap(el, arrow) ||
-        isPointInElement(point, el, elementsMap),
-    );
+  const closestElements = candidates.sort(
+    (a, b) => Math.abs(a.distance) - Math.abs(b.distance),
+  );
 
-  if (distanceFilteredCandidateElements.length === 0) {
-    return null;
-  }
+  const candidate = closestElements[0];
+  const [cx1, cy1, cx2, cy2] = getElementBounds(candidate.element, elementsMap);
+  const candidateArea = Math.max(
+    0.00001,
+    Math.abs(cx2 - cx1) * Math.abs(cy2 - cy1),
+  );
+  const overlaps = closestElements
+    .map((c) => {
+      if (c.element === candidate.element) {
+        return { ...c, overlapPercent: 0, relativeArea: 1 };
+      }
 
-  return distanceFilteredCandidateElements[0] as NonDeleted<ExcalidrawBindableElement>;
+      const [x1, y1, x2, y2] = getElementBounds(c.element, elementsMap);
+      const overlapX1 = x1 > cx1 && x1 < cx2 ? x1 : cx1;
+      const overlapY1 = y1 > cy1 && y1 < cy2 ? y1 : cy1;
+      const overlapX2 = x2 < cx2 && x2 > cx1 ? x2 : cx2;
+      const overlapY2 = y2 < cy2 && y2 > cy1 ? y2 : cy2;
+      const overlapWdith =
+        overlapX1 !== cx1 || overlapX2 !== cx2 ? overlapX2 - overlapX1 : 0;
+      const overlapHeight =
+        overlapY1 !== cy1 || overlapY2 !== cy2 ? overlapY2 - overlapY1 : 0;
+      const area = Math.max(0.00001, Math.abs(x2 - x1) * Math.abs(y2 - y1));
+      const overlapPercent = Math.abs(overlapHeight * overlapWdith) / area;
+
+      return {
+        ...c,
+        overlapPercent,
+        relativeArea:
+          overlapPercent === 0 ? 1 : Math.min(area / candidateArea, 1),
+      };
+    })
+    .filter((c) => c.overlapPercent > 0.25 && c.relativeArea < 0.75);
+
+  return candidate.distance >= 0 && overlaps.length > 0
+    ? overlaps[0].element
+    : candidate.element;
 };
 
 /**

packages/element/src/dragElements.ts

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ import { getPerfectElementSize } from "./sizeHelpers";
 import { getBoundTextElement } from "./textElement";
 import { getMinTextElementWidth } from "./textMeasurements";
 import {
-  isArrowElement,
+  isArrowElement as isBindingElement,
   isElbowArrow,
   isFrameLikeElement,
   isImageElement,
@@ -108,19 +108,7 @@ export const dragSelectedElements = (
   );
 
   elementsToUpdate.forEach((element) => {
-    const isArrow = !isArrowElement(element);
-    const isStartBoundElementSelected =
-      isArrow ||
-      (element.startBinding
-        ? elementsToUpdateIds.has(element.startBinding.elementId)
-        : false);
-    const isEndBoundElementSelected =
-      isArrow ||
-      (element.endBinding
-        ? elementsToUpdateIds.has(element.endBinding.elementId)
-        : false);
-
-    if (!isArrowElement(element)) {
+    if (!isBindingElement(element)) {
       updateElementCoords(pointerDownState, element, scene, adjustedOffset);
 
       // skip arrow labels since we calculate its position during render
@@ -143,7 +131,6 @@ export const dragSelectedElements = (
       // NOTE: Add a little initial drag to the arrow dragging when the arrow
       // is the single element being dragged to avoid accidentally unbinding
       // the arrow when the user just wants to select it.
-
       elementsToUpdate.size > 1 ||
       Math.max(Math.abs(adjustedOffset.x), Math.abs(adjustedOffset.y)) >
         DRAGGING_THRESHOLD ||
@@ -151,9 +138,12 @@ export const dragSelectedElements = (
     ) {
       updateElementCoords(pointerDownState, element, scene, adjustedOffset);
 
-      const shouldUnbindStart =
-        element.startBinding && !isStartBoundElementSelected;
-      const shouldUnbindEnd = element.endBinding && !isEndBoundElementSelected;
+      const shouldUnbindStart = element.startBinding
+        ? !elementsToUpdateIds.has(element.startBinding.elementId)
+        : true;
+      const shouldUnbindEnd = element.endBinding
+        ? !elementsToUpdateIds.has(element.endBinding.elementId)
+        : true;
       if (shouldUnbindStart || shouldUnbindEnd) {
         // NOTE: Moving the bound arrow should unbind it, otherwise we would
         // have weird situations, like 0 lenght arrow when the user moves

packages/element/src/duplicate.ts

@@ -111,6 +111,9 @@ export const duplicateElements = (
          * user interaction.
          */
         type: "everything";
+        // TODO remove/review this once we add frame children order migration
+        // and invariant checks
+        preserveFrameChildrenOrder?: boolean;
       }
     | {
         /**
@@ -170,6 +173,8 @@ export const duplicateElements = (
     opts.type === "in-place"
       ? opts.idsOfElementsToDuplicate
       : new Map(elements.map((el) => [el.id, el]));
+  const preserveFrameChildrenOrder =
+    opts.type === "everything" && opts.preserveFrameChildrenOrder;
 
   // For sanity
   if (opts.type === "in-place") {
@@ -250,6 +255,9 @@ export const duplicateElements = (
     elementsWithDuplicates.splice(index + 1, 0, ...castArray(elements));
   };
 
+  // main
+  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
   const frameIdsToDuplicate = new Set(
     elements
       .filter(
@@ -274,7 +282,7 @@ export const duplicateElements = (
     if (groupId) {
       const groupElements = getElementsInGroup(elements, groupId).flatMap(
         (element) =>
-          isFrameLikeElement(element)
+          isFrameLikeElement(element) && !preserveFrameChildrenOrder
             ? [...getFrameChildren(elements, element.id), element]
             : [element],
       );
@@ -290,13 +298,25 @@ export const duplicateElements = (
     // frame duplication
     // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-    if (element.frameId && frameIdsToDuplicate.has(element.frameId)) {
+    if (
+      !preserveFrameChildrenOrder &&
+      element.frameId &&
+      frameIdsToDuplicate.has(element.frameId)
+    ) {
       continue;
     }
 
     if (isFrameLikeElement(element)) {
       const frameId = element.id;
 
+      if (preserveFrameChildrenOrder) {
+        insertBeforeOrAfterIndex(
+          findLastIndex(elementsWithDuplicates, (el) => el.id === frameId),
+          copyElements(element),
+        );
+        continue;
+      }
+
       const frameChildren = getFrameChildren(elements, frameId);
 
       const targetIndex = findLastIndex(elementsWithDuplicates, (el) => {

packages/element/src/elbowArrow.ts

@@ -30,8 +30,7 @@ import {
   getHeadingForElbowArrowSnap,
   getGlobalFixedPointForBindableElement,
   getBindingGap,
-  maxBindingDistance_simple,
-  BASE_BINDING_GAP_ELBOW,
+  BASE_BINDING_GAP,
 } from "./binding";
 import { distanceToElement } from "./distance";
 import {
@@ -318,6 +317,7 @@ const handleSegmentRelease = (
     ...rest
   } = getElbowArrowData(
     {
+      ...arrow,
       x,
       y,
       startBinding,
@@ -1041,6 +1041,7 @@ export const updateElbowArrowPoints = (
     ...rest
   } = getElbowArrowData(
     {
+      ...arrow,
       x: arrow.x,
       y: arrow.y,
       startBinding,
@@ -1190,15 +1191,7 @@ export const updateElbowArrowPoints = (
  * - hoveredEndElement: The element being hovered over at the end point.
  */
 const getElbowArrowData = (
-  arrow: {
-    x: number;
-    y: number;
-    startBinding: FixedPointBinding | null;
-    endBinding: FixedPointBinding | null;
-    startArrowhead: Arrowhead | null;
-    endArrowhead: Arrowhead | null;
-    points: readonly LocalPoint[];
-  },
+  arrow: ExcalidrawElbowArrowElement,
   elementsMap: NonDeletedSceneElementsMap,
   nextPoints: readonly LocalPoint[],
   options?: {
@@ -1223,6 +1216,7 @@ const getElbowArrowData = (
     const elements = Array.from(elementsMap.values());
     hoveredStartElement =
       getHoveredElement(
+        arrow,
         origStartGlobalPoint,
         elementsMap,
         elements,
@@ -1230,6 +1224,7 @@ const getElbowArrowData = (
       ) || null;
     hoveredEndElement =
       getHoveredElement(
+        arrow,
         origEndGlobalPoint,
         elementsMap,
         elements,
@@ -1256,6 +1251,7 @@ const getElbowArrowData = (
     "start",
     arrow.startBinding?.fixedPoint,
     origStartGlobalPoint,
+    options?.zoom || ({ value: 1 } as AppState["zoom"]),
     hoveredStartElement,
     elementsMap,
     options?.isDragging,
@@ -1273,6 +1269,7 @@ const getElbowArrowData = (
     "end",
     arrow.endBinding?.fixedPoint,
     origEndGlobalPoint,
+    options?.zoom || ({ value: 1 } as AppState["zoom"]),
     hoveredEndElement,
     elementsMap,
     options?.isDragging,
@@ -1314,8 +1311,8 @@ const getElbowArrowData = (
         offsetFromHeading(
           startHeading,
           arrow.startArrowhead
-            ? getBindingGap(hoveredStartElement, { elbowed: true }) * 6
-            : getBindingGap(hoveredStartElement, { elbowed: true }) * 2,
+            ? getBindingGap(hoveredStartElement) * 6
+            : getBindingGap(hoveredStartElement) * 2,
           1,
         ),
       )
@@ -1327,8 +1324,8 @@ const getElbowArrowData = (
         offsetFromHeading(
           endHeading,
           arrow.endArrowhead
-            ? getBindingGap(hoveredEndElement, { elbowed: true }) * 6
-            : getBindingGap(hoveredEndElement, { elbowed: true }) * 2,
+            ? getBindingGap(hoveredEndElement) * 6
+            : getBindingGap(hoveredEndElement) * 2,
           1,
         ),
       )
@@ -1375,8 +1372,8 @@ const getElbowArrowData = (
             ? 0
             : BASE_PADDING -
                 (arrow.startArrowhead
-                  ? BASE_BINDING_GAP_ELBOW * 6
-                  : BASE_BINDING_GAP_ELBOW * 2),
+                  ? BASE_BINDING_GAP * 6
+                  : BASE_BINDING_GAP * 2),
           BASE_PADDING,
         ),
     boundsOverlap
@@ -1391,8 +1388,8 @@ const getElbowArrowData = (
             ? 0
             : BASE_PADDING -
                 (arrow.endArrowhead
-                  ? BASE_BINDING_GAP_ELBOW * 6
-                  : BASE_BINDING_GAP_ELBOW * 2),
+                  ? BASE_BINDING_GAP * 6
+                  : BASE_BINDING_GAP * 2),
           BASE_PADDING,
         ),
     boundsOverlap,
@@ -2218,6 +2215,7 @@ const getGlobalPoint = (
   startOrEnd: "start" | "end",
   fixedPointRatio: [number, number] | undefined | null,
   initialPoint: GlobalPoint,
+  zoom: AppState["zoom"],
   element?: ExcalidrawBindableElement | null,
   elementsMap?: ElementsMap,
   isDragging?: boolean,
@@ -2231,6 +2229,7 @@ const getGlobalPoint = (
         element,
         startOrEnd,
         elementsMap,
+        zoom,
         undefined,
         isMidpointSnappingEnabled,
       );
@@ -2279,16 +2278,18 @@ const getBindPointHeading = (
   );
 
 const getHoveredElement = (
+  arrow: ExcalidrawElbowArrowElement,
   origPoint: GlobalPoint,
   elementsMap: NonDeletedSceneElementsMap,
   elements: readonly Ordered<NonDeletedExcalidrawElement>[],
   zoom?: AppState["zoom"],
 ) => {
   return getHoveredElementForBinding(
+    arrow,
     origPoint,
     elements,
     elementsMap,
-    maxBindingDistance_simple(zoom),
+    zoom,
   );
 };
 

packages/element/src/flowchart.ts

@@ -452,8 +452,16 @@ const createBindingArrow = (
     "orbit",
     "start",
     scene,
+    appState.zoom,
+  );
+  bindBindingElement(
+    bindingArrow,
+    endBindingElement,
+    "orbit",
+    "end",
+    scene,
+    appState.zoom,
   );
-  bindBindingElement(bindingArrow, endBindingElement, "orbit", "end", scene);
 
   const changedElements = new Map<string, OrderedExcalidrawElement>();
   changedElements.set(

packages/element/src/fractionalIndex.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
-import { generateNKeysBetween } from "fractional-indexing";
-
 import { arrayToMap } from "@excalidraw/common";
 
+import {
+  validateOrderKey,
+  generateNKeysBetween,
+} from "@excalidraw/fractional-indexing";
+
 import { mutateElement, newElementWith } from "./mutateElement";
 import { getBoundTextElement } from "./textElement";
 import { hasBoundTextElement } from "./typeChecks";
@@ -382,6 +385,13 @@ const isValidFractionalIndex = (
     return false;
   }
 
+  try {
+    // Format validation
+    validateOrderKey(index);
+  } catch {
+    return false;
+  }
+
   if (predecessor && successor) {
     return predecessor < index && index < successor;
   }

packages/element/src/frame.ts

@@ -19,9 +19,11 @@ import {
   getElementAbsoluteCoords,
   doBoundsIntersect,
   getElementBounds,
+  boundsContainBounds,
 } from "./bounds";
 import { mutateElement } from "./mutateElement";
 import { getBoundTextElement, getContainerElement } from "./textElement";
+import { syncMovedIndices } from "./fractionalIndex";
 import {
   isFrameElement,
   isFrameLikeElement,
@@ -101,8 +103,9 @@ export const isElementContainingFrame = (
   frame: ExcalidrawFrameLikeElement,
   elementsMap: ElementsMap,
 ) => {
-  return getElementsWithinSelection([frame], element, elementsMap).some(
-    (e) => e.id === frame.id,
+  return boundsContainBounds(
+    getElementBounds(element, elementsMap),
+    getElementBounds(frame, elementsMap),
   );
 };
 
@@ -489,10 +492,44 @@ export const filterElementsEligibleAsFrameChildren = (
   return eligibleElements;
 };
 
+export const getCommonFrameId = (elements: readonly ExcalidrawElement[]) => {
+  let commonFrameId: ExcalidrawElement["frameId"] | undefined;
+
+  for (const element of elements) {
+    if (isFrameLikeElement(element) || !element.frameId) {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    if (commonFrameId === undefined) {
+      commonFrameId = element.frameId;
+    } else if (commonFrameId !== element.frameId) {
+      return null;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return commonFrameId ?? null;
+};
+
+export const getFrameChildrenInsertionIndex = (
+  elements: readonly ExcalidrawElement[],
+  frameId: ExcalidrawFrameLikeElement["id"],
+): number | null => {
+  for (let index = elements.length - 1; index >= 0; index--) {
+    const element = elements[index];
+
+    if (element.id === frameId) {
+      return index;
+    } else if (element.frameId === frameId) {
+      return index + 1;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return null;
+};
+
 /**
- * Retains (or repairs for target frame) the ordering invriant where children
- * elements come right before the parent frame:
- * [el, el, child, child, frame, el]
+ * Adds elements and their bound elements to frame. Reorders added elements to
+ * be just below frame, or just above its highest child (whichever is higher).
  *
  * @returns mutated allElements (same data structure)
  */
@@ -500,19 +537,11 @@ export const addElementsToFrame = <T extends ElementsMapOrArray>(
   allElements: T,
   elementsToAdd: NonDeletedExcalidrawElement[],
   frame: ExcalidrawFrameLikeElement,
-  appState: AppState,
 ): T => {
   const elementsMap = arrayToMap(allElements);
-  const currTargetFrameChildrenMap = new Map<ExcalidrawElement["id"], true>();
-  for (const element of allElements.values()) {
-    if (element.frameId === frame.id) {
-      currTargetFrameChildrenMap.set(element.id, true);
-    }
-  }
+  const commonFrameId = getCommonFrameId(elementsToAdd);
 
-  const suppliedElementsToAddSet = new Set(elementsToAdd.map((el) => el.id));
-
-  const finalElementsToAdd: ExcalidrawElement[] = [];
+  const finalElementsToAdd = new Set<ExcalidrawElement>();
 
   const otherFrames = new Set<ExcalidrawFrameLikeElement["id"]>();
 
@@ -523,7 +552,8 @@ export const addElementsToFrame = <T extends ElementsMapOrArray>(
   }
 
   // - add bound text elements if not already in the array
-  // - filter out elements that are already in the frame
+  // - keep elements already in the frame so mixed selections can be reordered
+  //   together
   for (const element of omitGroupsContainingFrameLikes(
     allElements,
     elementsToAdd,
@@ -536,38 +566,68 @@ export const addElementsToFrame = <T extends ElementsMapOrArray>(
       continue;
     }
 
-    // if the element is already in another frame (which is also in elementsToAdd),
-    // it means that frame and children are selected at the same time
-    // => keep original frame membership, do not add to the target frame
-    if (
-      element.frameId &&
-      appState.selectedElementIds[element.id] &&
-      appState.selectedElementIds[element.frameId]
-    ) {
+    if (element.frameId && element.frameId !== frame.id) {
       continue;
     }
 
-    if (!currTargetFrameChildrenMap.has(element.id)) {
-      finalElementsToAdd.push(element);
-    }
+    finalElementsToAdd.add(element);
 
     const boundTextElement = getBoundTextElement(element, elementsMap);
-    if (
-      boundTextElement &&
-      !suppliedElementsToAddSet.has(boundTextElement.id) &&
-      !currTargetFrameChildrenMap.has(boundTextElement.id)
-    ) {
-      finalElementsToAdd.push(boundTextElement);
+    if (boundTextElement && !finalElementsToAdd.has(boundTextElement)) {
+      finalElementsToAdd.add(boundTextElement);
     }
   }
 
   for (const element of finalElementsToAdd) {
-    mutateElement(element, elementsMap, {
-      frameId: frame.id,
-    });
+    // we don't always need to update the element if it's already in the frame,
+    // but we still need to accumulate in finalElementsToAdd so we potentially
+    // reorder them if added together
+    if (element.frameId !== frame.id) {
+      mutateElement(element, elementsMap, {
+        frameId: frame.id,
+      });
+    }
   }
 
-  return allElements;
+  // (re)order elements to be just below the frame,
+  // or just above the highest child if that is higher
+  // (latter case is denormalized order until we migrate)
+  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+  if (
+    !finalElementsToAdd.size ||
+    // if all elements to add already belong to the frame, then we don't want to
+    // reorder (case: we're dragging element children within the frame)
+    commonFrameId === frame.id
+  ) {
+    return allElements;
+  }
+
+  const otherElements = Array.from(allElements.values()).filter(
+    (element) => !finalElementsToAdd.has(element),
+  );
+  const insertionIndex = getFrameChildrenInsertionIndex(
+    otherElements,
+    frame.id,
+  );
+
+  if (insertionIndex === null) {
+    return allElements;
+  }
+
+  const reorderedElements = [
+    ...otherElements.slice(0, insertionIndex),
+    ...finalElementsToAdd,
+    ...otherElements.slice(insertionIndex),
+  ];
+
+  syncMovedIndices(reorderedElements, arrayToMap([...finalElementsToAdd]));
+
+  return (
+    Array.isArray(allElements)
+      ? reorderedElements
+      : new Map(reorderedElements.map((element) => [element.id, element]))
+  ) as T;
 };
 
 export const removeElementsFromFrame = (
@@ -621,13 +681,11 @@ export const replaceAllElementsInFrame = <T extends ExcalidrawElement>(
   allElements: readonly T[],
   nextElementsInFrame: ExcalidrawElement[],
   frame: ExcalidrawFrameLikeElement,
-  app: AppClassProperties,
 ): T[] => {
   return addElementsToFrame(
     removeAllElementsFromFrame(allElements, frame),
     nextElementsInFrame,
     frame,
-    app.state,
   ).slice();
 };
 

packages/element/src/index.ts

@@ -88,7 +88,6 @@ export * from "./selection";
 export * from "./shape";
 export * from "./showSelectedShapeActions";
 export * from "./sizeHelpers";
-export * from "./snapping";
 export * from "./sortElements";
 export * from "./store";
 export * from "./textElement";

packages/element/src/linearElementEditor.ts

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import {
   type LocalPoint,
   pointDistance,
   vectorFromPoint,
-  line,
   curveLength,
   curvePointAtLength,
 } from "@excalidraw/math";
@@ -30,9 +29,6 @@ import {
   isPathALoop,
   moveArrowAboveBindable,
   projectFixedPointOntoDiagonal,
-  snapLinearElementPoint,
-  snapToDiscreteAngle,
-  type SnapLine,
   type Store,
 } from "@excalidraw/element";
 
@@ -52,8 +48,6 @@ import {
   calculateFixedPointForNonElbowArrowBinding,
   getBindingStrategyForDraggingBindingElementEndpoints,
   isBindingEnabled,
-  maxBindingDistance_simple,
-  snapToMid,
   updateBoundPoint,
 } from "./binding";
 import {
@@ -61,7 +55,6 @@ import {
   getElementPointsCoords,
   getMinMaxXYFromCurvePathOps,
 } from "./bounds";
-import { getHoveredElementForBinding } from "./collision";
 
 import { headingIsHorizontal, vectorToHeading } from "./heading";
 import { mutateElement } from "./mutateElement";
@@ -300,10 +293,7 @@ export class LinearElementEditor {
     scenePointerX: number,
     scenePointerY: number,
     linearElementEditor: LinearElementEditor,
-  ): Pick<
-    AppState,
-    "suggestedBinding" | "selectedLinearElement" | "snapLines"
-  > | null {
+  ): Pick<AppState, "suggestedBinding" | "selectedLinearElement"> | null {
     const elementsMap = app.scene.getNonDeletedElementsMap();
     const elements = app.scene.getNonDeletedElements();
     const { elementId } = linearElementEditor;
@@ -320,30 +310,40 @@ export class LinearElementEditor {
       linearElementEditor.customLineAngle ??
       determineCustomLinearAngle(pivotPoint, element.points[idx]);
 
-    const { point: newDraggingPointPosition, snapLines } =
-      LinearElementEditor._getSnappedPointForLinearElement({
-        app,
-        event,
-        elements,
-        elementsMap,
+    // Determine if point movement should happen and how much
+    let deltaX = 0;
+    let deltaY = 0;
+    if (shouldRotateWithDiscreteAngle(event)) {
+      const [width, height] = LinearElementEditor._getShiftLockedDelta(
         element,
-        pointIndex: idx,
-        scenePointerX,
-        scenePointerY,
-        pointerOffset: linearElementEditor.pointerOffset,
-        referencePoint: shouldRotateWithDiscreteAngle(event)
-          ? pivotPoint
-          : null,
-        selectedPointsIndices: [idx],
+        elementsMap,
+        pivotPoint,
+        pointFrom(scenePointerX, scenePointerY),
+        event[KEYS.CTRL_OR_CMD] ? null : app.getEffectiveGridSize(),
         customLineAngle,
-      });
+      );
+      const target = pointFrom<LocalPoint>(
+        width + pivotPoint[0],
+        height + pivotPoint[1],
+      );
 
-    const deltaX = newDraggingPointPosition[0] - point[0];
-    const deltaY = newDraggingPointPosition[1] - point[1];
+      deltaX = target[0] - point[0];
+      deltaY = target[1] - point[1];
+    } else {
+      const newDraggingPointPosition = LinearElementEditor.createPointAt(
+        element,
+        elementsMap,
+        scenePointerX - linearElementEditor.pointerOffset.x,
+        scenePointerY - linearElementEditor.pointerOffset.y,
+        event[KEYS.CTRL_OR_CMD] ? null : app.getEffectiveGridSize(),
+      );
+      deltaX = newDraggingPointPosition[0] - point[0];
+      deltaY = newDraggingPointPosition[1] - point[1];
+    }
 
     // Apply the point movement if needed
     let suggestedBinding: AppState["suggestedBinding"] = null;
-    const { positions, updates } = pointDraggingUpdates(
+    const { positions, updates, hit } = pointDraggingUpdates(
       [idx],
       deltaX,
       deltaY,
@@ -381,24 +381,25 @@ export class LinearElementEditor {
 
     // Move the arrow over the bindable object in terms of z-index
     if (isBindingElement(element)) {
-      moveArrowAboveBindable(
-        LinearElementEditor.getPointGlobalCoordinates(
+      if (hit) {
+        moveArrowAboveBindable(
+          LinearElementEditor.getPointGlobalCoordinates(
+            element,
+            element.points[element.points.length - 1],
+            elementsMap,
+          ),
           element,
-          element.points[element.points.length - 1],
+          elements,
           elementsMap,
-        ),
-        element,
-        elements,
-        elementsMap,
-        app.scene,
-      );
+          app.scene,
+          hit,
+        );
+      }
     }
 
     // PERF: Avoid state updates if not absolutely necessary
     if (
       app.state.selectedLinearElement?.customLineAngle === customLineAngle &&
-      app.state.snapLines.length === 0 &&
-      snapLines.length === 0 &&
       linearElementEditor.initialState.altFocusPoint &&
       (!suggestedBinding ||
         isShallowEqual(app.state.suggestedBinding ?? [], suggestedBinding))
@@ -437,7 +438,6 @@ export class LinearElementEditor {
     return {
       selectedLinearElement: newLinearElementEditor,
       suggestedBinding,
-      snapLines,
     };
   }
 
@@ -447,10 +447,7 @@ export class LinearElementEditor {
     scenePointerX: number,
     scenePointerY: number,
     linearElementEditor: LinearElementEditor,
-  ): Pick<
-    AppState,
-    "suggestedBinding" | "selectedLinearElement" | "snapLines"
-  > | null {
+  ): Pick<AppState, "suggestedBinding" | "selectedLinearElement"> | null {
     const elementsMap = app.scene.getNonDeletedElementsMap();
     const elements = app.scene.getNonDeletedElements();
     const { elbowed, elementId, initialState } = linearElementEditor;
@@ -491,13 +488,14 @@ export class LinearElementEditor {
           selectedPointsIndices,
         )}) points(0..${
           element.points.length - 1
-        }) lastClickedPoint(${lastClickedPoint})`,
+        }) lastClickedPoint(${lastClickedPoint}) isElbowArrow: ${elbowed}`,
       );
 
       // Fall back to the actual last point as a last resort.
       lastClickedPoint = element.points.length - 1;
     }
 
+    // point that's being dragged (out of all selected points)
     const draggingPoint = element.points[lastClickedPoint];
     // The adjacent point to the one dragged point
     const pivotPoint =
@@ -511,31 +509,39 @@ export class LinearElementEditor {
       element.points.length - 1,
     );
 
-    const { point: newDraggingPointPosition, snapLines } =
-      LinearElementEditor._getSnappedPointForLinearElement({
-        app,
-        event,
-        elements,
-        elementsMap,
+    // Determine if point movement should happen and how much
+    let deltaX = 0;
+    let deltaY = 0;
+    if (shouldRotateWithDiscreteAngle(event) && singlePointDragged) {
+      const [width, height] = LinearElementEditor._getShiftLockedDelta(
         element,
-        pointIndex: lastClickedPoint,
-        scenePointerX,
-        scenePointerY,
-        pointerOffset: linearElementEditor.pointerOffset,
-        referencePoint:
-          shouldRotateWithDiscreteAngle(event) && singlePointDragged
-            ? pivotPoint
-            : null,
-        selectedPointsIndices,
+        elementsMap,
+        pivotPoint,
+        pointFrom(scenePointerX, scenePointerY),
+        event[KEYS.CTRL_OR_CMD] ? null : app.getEffectiveGridSize(),
         customLineAngle,
-      });
-
-    const deltaX = newDraggingPointPosition[0] - draggingPoint[0];
-    const deltaY = newDraggingPointPosition[1] - draggingPoint[1];
+      );
+      const target = pointFrom<LocalPoint>(
+        width + pivotPoint[0],
+        height + pivotPoint[1],
+      );
+      deltaX = target[0] - draggingPoint[0];
+      deltaY = target[1] - draggingPoint[1];
+    } else {
+      const newDraggingPointPosition = LinearElementEditor.createPointAt(
+        element,
+        elementsMap,
+        scenePointerX - linearElementEditor.pointerOffset.x,
+        scenePointerY - linearElementEditor.pointerOffset.y,
+        event[KEYS.CTRL_OR_CMD] ? null : app.getEffectiveGridSize(),
+      );
+      deltaX = newDraggingPointPosition[0] - draggingPoint[0];
+      deltaY = newDraggingPointPosition[1] - draggingPoint[1];
+    }
 
     // Apply the point movement if needed
     let suggestedBinding: AppState["suggestedBinding"] = null;
-    const { positions, updates } = pointDraggingUpdates(
+    const { positions, updates, hit } = pointDraggingUpdates(
       selectedPointsIndices,
       deltaX,
       deltaY,
@@ -574,19 +580,22 @@ export class LinearElementEditor {
 
     // Move the arrow over the bindable object in terms of z-index
     if (isBindingElement(element) && startIsSelected !== endIsSelected) {
-      moveArrowAboveBindable(
-        LinearElementEditor.getPointGlobalCoordinates(
+      if (hit) {
+        moveArrowAboveBindable(
+          LinearElementEditor.getPointGlobalCoordinates(
+            element,
+            startIsSelected
+              ? element.points[0]
+              : element.points[element.points.length - 1],
+            elementsMap,
+          ),
           element,
-          startIsSelected
-            ? element.points[0]
-            : element.points[element.points.length - 1],
+          elements,
           elementsMap,
-        ),
-        element,
-        elements,
-        elementsMap,
-        app.scene,
-      );
+          app.scene,
+          hit,
+        );
+      }
     }
 
     // Attached text might need to update if arrow dimensions change
@@ -670,7 +679,6 @@ export class LinearElementEditor {
     return {
       selectedLinearElement: newLinearElementEditor,
       suggestedBinding,
-      snapLines,
     };
   }
 
@@ -1175,10 +1183,7 @@ export class LinearElementEditor {
     scenePointerX: number,
     scenePointerY: number,
     app: AppClassProperties,
-  ): {
-    editingLinearElement: LinearElementEditor;
-    snapLines: readonly SnapLine[];
-  } | null {
+  ): LinearElementEditor | null {
     const appState = app.state;
     if (!appState.selectedLinearElement?.isEditing) {
       return null;
@@ -1187,10 +1192,7 @@ export class LinearElementEditor {
     const elementsMap = app.scene.getNonDeletedElementsMap();
     const element = LinearElementEditor.getElement(elementId, elementsMap);
     if (!element) {
-      return {
-        editingLinearElement: appState.selectedLinearElement,
-        snapLines: appState.snapLines,
-      };
+      return appState.selectedLinearElement;
     }
 
     const { points } = element;
@@ -1202,37 +1204,36 @@ export class LinearElementEditor {
       }
       return appState.selectedLinearElement?.lastUncommittedPoint
         ? {
-            editingLinearElement: {
-              ...appState.selectedLinearElement,
-              lastUncommittedPoint: null,
-            },
-            snapLines: [],
+            ...appState.selectedLinearElement,
+            lastUncommittedPoint: null,
           }
-        : {
-            editingLinearElement: appState.selectedLinearElement,
-            snapLines: [],
-          };
+        : appState.selectedLinearElement;
     }
 
-    const anchor = points[points.length - 2];
-    const elements = app.scene.getNonDeletedElements();
-    const { point: newPoint, snapLines } =
-      LinearElementEditor._getSnappedPointForLinearElement({
-        app,
-        event,
-        elements,
-        elementsMap,
+    let newPoint: LocalPoint;
+
+    if (shouldRotateWithDiscreteAngle(event) && points.length >= 2) {
+      const anchor = points[points.length - 2];
+      const [width, height] = LinearElementEditor._getShiftLockedDelta(
         element,
-        pointIndex: points.length - 1,
-        scenePointerX,
-        scenePointerY,
-        pointerOffset: appState.selectedLinearElement.pointerOffset,
-        referencePoint:
-          shouldRotateWithDiscreteAngle(event) && points.length >= 2
-            ? anchor
-            : null,
-        selectedPointsIndices: [points.length - 1],
-      });
+        elementsMap,
+        anchor,
+        pointFrom(scenePointerX, scenePointerY),
+        event[KEYS.CTRL_OR_CMD] ? null : app.getEffectiveGridSize(),
+      );
+
+      newPoint = pointFrom(width + anchor[0], height + anchor[1]);
+    } else {
+      newPoint = LinearElementEditor.createPointAt(
+        element,
+        elementsMap,
+        scenePointerX - appState.selectedLinearElement.pointerOffset.x,
+        scenePointerY - appState.selectedLinearElement.pointerOffset.y,
+        event[KEYS.CTRL_OR_CMD] || isElbowArrow(element)
+          ? null
+          : app.getEffectiveGridSize(),
+      );
+    }
 
     if (lastPoint === lastUncommittedPoint) {
       LinearElementEditor.movePoints(
@@ -1240,7 +1241,7 @@ export class LinearElementEditor {
         app.scene,
         new Map([
           [
-            points.length - 1,
+            element.points.length - 1,
             {
               point: newPoint,
             },
@@ -1250,13 +1251,9 @@ export class LinearElementEditor {
     } else {
       LinearElementEditor.addPoints(element, app.scene, [newPoint]);
     }
-
     return {
-      editingLinearElement: {
-        ...appState.selectedLinearElement,
-        lastUncommittedPoint: element.points[element.points.length - 1],
-      },
-      snapLines,
+      ...appState.selectedLinearElement,
+      lastUncommittedPoint: element.points[element.points.length - 1],
     };
   }
 
@@ -1282,53 +1279,18 @@ export class LinearElementEditor {
   static getPointsGlobalCoordinates(
     element: NonDeleted<ExcalidrawLinearElement>,
     elementsMap: ElementsMap,
-    options: {
-      dragOffset?: { x: number; y: number };
-      excludePointsIndices?: readonly number[];
-    } = {},
   ): GlobalPoint[] {
-    const { dragOffset, excludePointsIndices } = options;
-
-    if (!element.points || element.points.length === 0) {
-      return [];
-    }
-
     const [x1, y1, x2, y2] = getElementAbsoluteCoords(element, elementsMap);
     const cx = (x1 + x2) / 2;
     const cy = (y1 + y2) / 2;
-
-    let elementX = element.x;
-    let elementY = element.y;
-
-    if (dragOffset) {
-      elementX += dragOffset.x;
-      elementY += dragOffset.y;
-    }
-
-    const globalPoints: GlobalPoint[] = [];
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < element.points.length; i++) {
-      // Skip the point being edited if specified
-      if (
-        excludePointsIndices?.length &&
-        excludePointsIndices.find((index) => index === i) !== undefined
-      ) {
-        continue;
-      }
-
-      const p = element.points[i];
-      const globalX = elementX + p[0];
-      const globalY = elementY + p[1];
-
-      const rotated = pointRotateRads<GlobalPoint>(
-        pointFrom(globalX, globalY),
+    return element.points.map((p) => {
+      const { x, y } = element;
+      return pointRotateRads(
+        pointFrom(x + p[0], y + p[1]),
         pointFrom(cx, cy),
         element.angle,
       );
-      globalPoints.push(rotated);
-    }
-
-    return globalPoints;
+    });
   }
 
   static getPointAtIndexGlobalCoordinates(
@@ -1882,222 +1844,6 @@ export class LinearElementEditor {
     );
   }
 
-  private static _getPointPlacementGridSize(
-    element: NonDeleted<ExcalidrawLinearElement>,
-    app: AppClassProperties,
-    event: Pick<KeyboardEvent | PointerEvent, typeof KEYS.CTRL_OR_CMD>,
-  ): NullableGridSize {
-    return event[KEYS.CTRL_OR_CMD] || isElbowArrow(element)
-      ? null
-      : app.getEffectiveGridSize();
-  }
-
-  private static _shouldSkipExternalSnapForBindableTarget({
-    appState,
-    elements,
-    elementsMap,
-    element,
-    pointIndex,
-    scenePoint,
-    selectedPointsIndices,
-  }: {
-    appState: AppState;
-    elements: readonly Ordered<NonDeletedExcalidrawElement>[];
-    elementsMap: NonDeletedSceneElementsMap;
-    element: NonDeleted<ExcalidrawLinearElement>;
-    pointIndex: number;
-    scenePoint: GlobalPoint;
-    selectedPointsIndices?: readonly number[];
-  }) {
-    if (
-      isElbowArrow(element) ||
-      !isBindingElement(element) ||
-      !isBindingEnabled(appState) ||
-      selectedPointsIndices?.length !== 1
-    ) {
-      return false;
-    }
-
-    if (pointIndex !== 0 && pointIndex !== element.points.length - 1) {
-      return false;
-    }
-
-    return !!getHoveredElementForBinding(
-      scenePoint,
-      elements,
-      elementsMap,
-      maxBindingDistance_simple(appState.zoom),
-    );
-  }
-
-  private static _getSnappedPointForLinearElement({
-    app,
-    event,
-    elements,
-    elementsMap,
-    element,
-    pointIndex,
-    scenePointerX,
-    scenePointerY,
-    pointerOffset,
-    referencePoint,
-    selectedPointsIndices,
-    customLineAngle,
-  }: {
-    app: AppClassProperties;
-    event: PointerEvent | React.PointerEvent<HTMLCanvasElement>;
-    elements: readonly Ordered<NonDeletedExcalidrawElement>[];
-    elementsMap: NonDeletedSceneElementsMap;
-    element: NonDeleted<ExcalidrawLinearElement>;
-    pointIndex: number;
-    scenePointerX: number;
-    scenePointerY: number;
-    pointerOffset: Readonly<{ x: number; y: number }>;
-    referencePoint?: LocalPoint | null;
-    selectedPointsIndices?: readonly number[];
-    customLineAngle?: number | null;
-  }): {
-    point: LocalPoint;
-    snapLines: SnapLine[];
-  } {
-    const gridSize = LinearElementEditor._getPointPlacementGridSize(
-      element,
-      app,
-      event,
-    );
-
-    if (referencePoint) {
-      const referencePointCoords =
-        LinearElementEditor.getPointGlobalCoordinates(
-          element,
-          referencePoint,
-          elementsMap,
-        );
-      const [gridX, gridY] = getGridPoint(
-        scenePointerX,
-        scenePointerY,
-        gridSize,
-      );
-
-      let { width: dxFromReference, height: dyFromReference } =
-        getLockedLinearCursorAlignSize(
-          referencePointCoords[0],
-          referencePointCoords[1],
-          gridX,
-          gridY,
-          customLineAngle ?? undefined,
-        );
-
-      const effectiveGridX = referencePointCoords[0] + dxFromReference;
-      const effectiveGridY = referencePointCoords[1] + dyFromReference;
-
-      let snapLines: SnapLine[] = [];
-      const shouldSkipExternalSnap =
-        LinearElementEditor._shouldSkipExternalSnapForBindableTarget({
-          appState: app.state,
-          elements,
-          elementsMap,
-          element,
-          pointIndex,
-          scenePoint: pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(effectiveGridX, effectiveGridY),
-          selectedPointsIndices,
-        });
-
-      if (!isElbowArrow(element)) {
-        const { snapOffset, snapLines: nextSnapLines } = snapLinearElementPoint(
-          elements,
-          element,
-          pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(effectiveGridX, effectiveGridY),
-          app,
-          event,
-          elementsMap,
-          {
-            includeExternalPoints: !shouldSkipExternalSnap,
-            includeSelfPoints: true,
-            selectedPointsIndices,
-          },
-        );
-
-        snapLines = nextSnapLines;
-
-        if (nextSnapLines.length > 0) {
-          const result = snapToDiscreteAngle(
-            nextSnapLines,
-            line(
-              pointFrom(effectiveGridX, effectiveGridY),
-              pointFrom(referencePointCoords[0], referencePointCoords[1]),
-            ),
-            pointFrom(gridX, gridY),
-            referencePointCoords,
-          );
-
-          if (result.snapLines.length > 0) {
-            dxFromReference = result.dxFromReference;
-            dyFromReference = result.dyFromReference;
-            snapLines = result.snapLines;
-          } else {
-            dxFromReference =
-              effectiveGridX + snapOffset.x - referencePointCoords[0];
-            dyFromReference =
-              effectiveGridY + snapOffset.y - referencePointCoords[1];
-          }
-        }
-      }
-
-      const [rotatedX, rotatedY] = pointRotateRads(
-        pointFrom(dxFromReference, dyFromReference),
-        pointFrom(0, 0),
-        -element.angle as Radians,
-      );
-
-      return {
-        point: pointFrom(
-          referencePoint[0] + rotatedX,
-          referencePoint[1] + rotatedY,
-        ),
-        snapLines,
-      };
-    }
-
-    const originalPointerX = scenePointerX - pointerOffset.x;
-    const originalPointerY = scenePointerY - pointerOffset.y;
-    const shouldSkipExternalSnap =
-      LinearElementEditor._shouldSkipExternalSnapForBindableTarget({
-        appState: app.state,
-        elements,
-        elementsMap,
-        element,
-        pointIndex,
-        scenePoint: pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(originalPointerX, originalPointerY),
-        selectedPointsIndices,
-      });
-
-    const { snapOffset, snapLines } = snapLinearElementPoint(
-      elements,
-      element,
-      pointFrom(originalPointerX, originalPointerY),
-      app,
-      event,
-      elementsMap,
-      {
-        includeExternalPoints: !shouldSkipExternalSnap,
-        includeSelfPoints: true,
-        selectedPointsIndices,
-      },
-    );
-
-    return {
-      point: LinearElementEditor.createPointAt(
-        element,
-        elementsMap,
-        originalPointerX + snapOffset.x,
-        originalPointerY + snapOffset.y,
-        gridSize,
-      ),
-      snapLines,
-    };
-  }
-
   static getBoundTextElementPosition = (
     element: ExcalidrawLinearElement,
     boundTextElement: ExcalidrawTextElementWithContainer,
@@ -2395,16 +2141,17 @@ const pointDraggingUpdates = (
 ): {
   positions: PointsPositionUpdates;
   updates?: PointMoveOtherUpdates;
+  hit?: ExcalidrawBindableElement | null;
 } => {
   const naiveDraggingPoints = new Map(
     selectedPointsIndices.map((pointIndex) => {
+      // NOTE: Avoid stale point index issue potentially caused by elbow
+      // arrows unpredictably changing the number of points during dragging
+      const point = element.points[pointIndex] ?? element.points.at(-1);
       return [
         pointIndex,
         {
-          point: pointFrom<LocalPoint>(
-            element.points[pointIndex][0] + deltaX,
-            element.points[pointIndex][1] + deltaY,
-          ),
+          point: pointFrom<LocalPoint>(point[0] + deltaX, point[1] + deltaY),
           isDragging: true,
         },
       ];
@@ -2452,13 +2199,15 @@ const pointDraggingUpdates = (
           ? {
               element: suggestedBindingElement,
               midPoint: app.state.isMidpointSnappingEnabled
-                ? snapToMid(
-                    suggestedBindingElement,
-                    elementsMap,
+                ? getSnapOutlineMidPoint(
                     pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(
                       scenePointerX - linearElementEditor.pointerOffset.x,
                       scenePointerY - linearElementEditor.pointerOffset.y,
                     ),
+                    suggestedBindingElement,
+                    elementsMap,
+                    app.state.zoom,
+                    element,
                   )
                 : undefined,
             }
@@ -2565,6 +2314,7 @@ const pointDraggingUpdates = (
               start.element,
               elementsMap,
               app.state.zoom,
+              element,
             ),
           }
         : null;
@@ -2604,6 +2354,7 @@ const pointDraggingUpdates = (
               end.element,
               elementsMap,
               app.state.zoom,
+              element,
             ),
           }
         : null;
@@ -2756,6 +2507,7 @@ const pointDraggingUpdates = (
         ];
       }),
     ),
+    hit: startIsDragged ? start.element : end.element,
   };
 };
 

packages/element/src/selection.ts

@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@ import {
   elementOverlapsWithFrame,
   getContainingFrame,
   getFrameChildren,
-  isElementIntersectingFrame,
 } from "./frame";
 
 import { LinearElementEditor } from "./linearElementEditor";
@@ -130,13 +129,24 @@ export const getElementsWithinSelection = (
   const framesInSelection = excludeElementsInFrames
     ? new Set<NonDeletedExcalidrawElement["id"]>()
     : null;
-  let elementsInSelection: NonDeletedExcalidrawElement[] = [];
+  const groups: Record<string, NonDeletedExcalidrawElement[]> = {};
+  const elementsInSelection: Set<NonDeletedExcalidrawElement> = new Set();
 
   for (const element of elements) {
     if (shouldIgnoreElementFromSelection(element)) {
       continue;
     }
 
+    // Track only selectable top-level group members, so ignored elements such
+    // as bound text and locked elements don't affect group selection.
+    const groupId = element.groupIds.at(-1);
+    if (groupId) {
+      if (!groups[groupId]) {
+        groups[groupId] = [];
+      }
+      groups[groupId].push(element);
+    }
+
     const strokeWidth = element.strokeWidth;
     let labelAABB: Bounds | null = null;
     let elementAABB = getElementBounds(element, elementsMap);
@@ -170,7 +180,7 @@ export const getElementsWithinSelection = (
     const associatedFrame = getContainingFrame(element, elementsMap);
     if (
       associatedFrame &&
-      isElementIntersectingFrame(element, associatedFrame, elementsMap)
+      elementOverlapsWithFrame(element, associatedFrame, elementsMap)
     ) {
       const frameAABB = getElementBounds(associatedFrame, elementsMap);
       elementAABB = [
@@ -209,10 +219,9 @@ export const getElementsWithinSelection = (
     if (boundsContainBounds(selectionBounds, commonAABB)) {
       if (framesInSelection && isFrameLikeElement(element)) {
         framesInSelection.add(element.id);
-      } else {
-        elementsInSelection.push(element);
-        continue;
       }
+      elementsInSelection.add(element);
+      continue;
     }
 
     // 2. Handle the case where the label is overlapped by the selection box
@@ -221,7 +230,7 @@ export const getElementsWithinSelection = (
       labelAABB &&
       doBoundsIntersect(selectionBounds, labelAABB)
     ) {
-      elementsInSelection.push(element);
+      elementsInSelection.add(element);
       continue;
     }
 
@@ -311,7 +320,7 @@ export const getElementsWithinSelection = (
           framesInSelection.add(element.id);
         }
 
-        elementsInSelection.push(element);
+        elementsInSelection.add(element);
         continue;
       }
     }
@@ -320,21 +329,41 @@ export const getElementsWithinSelection = (
     //    as it is separately handled in App.
   }
 
-  elementsInSelection = framesInSelection
-    ? excludeElementsFromFrames(elementsInSelection, framesInSelection)
-    : elementsInSelection;
+  if (framesInSelection) {
+    elementsInSelection.forEach((element) => {
+      if (element.frameId && framesInSelection.has(element.frameId)) {
+        elementsInSelection.delete(element);
+      }
+    });
+  }
 
-  elementsInSelection = elementsInSelection.filter((element) => {
-    const containingFrame = getContainingFrame(element, elementsMap);
+  if (boxSelectionMode === "overlap") {
+    Array.from(elementsInSelection).forEach((element) => {
+      const groupId = element.groupIds.at(-1);
+      const group = groupId ? groups[groupId] : null;
 
-    if (containingFrame) {
-      return elementOverlapsWithFrame(element, containingFrame, elementsMap);
-    }
+      group?.forEach((groupElement) => elementsInSelection.add(groupElement));
+    });
+  } else if (boxSelectionMode === "contain") {
+    elementsInSelection.forEach((element) => {
+      // note: currently we only support top-level group handling since
+      // we don't support box selecting while editing the group/subgroup
+      // see https://github.com/excalidraw/excalidraw/pull/11234#issuecomment-4387654451
+      const groupId = element.groupIds.at(-1);
 
-    return true;
-  });
+      const group = groupId ? groups[groupId] : null;
 
-  return elementsInSelection;
+      if (
+        group &&
+        !group.every((groupElement) => elementsInSelection.has(groupElement))
+      ) {
+        elementsInSelection.delete(element);
+      }
+    });
+  }
+
+  // to maintain original order elements (namely for group selection)
+  return elements.filter((element) => elementsInSelection.has(element));
 };
 
 export const getVisibleAndNonSelectedElements = (

packages/element/src/sortElements.ts

@@ -1,59 +1,56 @@
-import { arrayToMapWithIndex } from "@excalidraw/common";
+import { arrayToMap } from "@excalidraw/common";
 
 import type { ExcalidrawElement } from "./types";
 
-const normalizeGroupElementOrder = (elements: readonly ExcalidrawElement[]) => {
-  const origElements: ExcalidrawElement[] = elements.slice();
-  const sortedElements = new Set<ExcalidrawElement>();
-
-  const orderInnerGroups = (
-    elements: readonly ExcalidrawElement[],
-  ): ExcalidrawElement[] => {
-    const firstGroupSig = elements[0]?.groupIds?.join("");
-    const aGroup: ExcalidrawElement[] = [elements[0]];
-    const bGroup: ExcalidrawElement[] = [];
-    for (const element of elements.slice(1)) {
-      if (element.groupIds?.join("") === firstGroupSig) {
-        aGroup.push(element);
-      } else {
-        bGroup.push(element);
-      }
-    }
-    return bGroup.length ? [...aGroup, ...orderInnerGroups(bGroup)] : aGroup;
+const defragmentGroups = (elements: readonly ExcalidrawElement[]) => {
+  const groupIdAtLevel = (element: ExcalidrawElement, level: number) => {
+    return element.groupIds[element.groupIds.length - level - 1];
   };
 
-  const groupHandledElements = new Map<string, true>();
+  const orderLevel = (
+    levelElements: readonly ExcalidrawElement[],
+    level: number,
+  ): ExcalidrawElement[] => {
+    const buckets = new Map<string, ExcalidrawElement[]>();
+    // Slots preserve first-occurrence order: a groupId reserves its slot
+    // the first time one of its members is seen; loose elements occupy
+    // their own slot. Groups are then expanded (and recursed into) in place.
+    const slots: (ExcalidrawElement | string)[] = [];
 
-  origElements.forEach((element, idx) => {
-    if (groupHandledElements.has(element.id)) {
-      return;
-    }
-    if (element.groupIds?.length) {
-      const topGroup = element.groupIds[element.groupIds.length - 1];
-      const groupElements = origElements.slice(idx).filter((element) => {
-        const ret = element?.groupIds?.some((id) => id === topGroup);
-        if (ret) {
-          groupHandledElements.set(element!.id, true);
-        }
-        return ret;
-      });
-
-      for (const elem of orderInnerGroups(groupElements)) {
-        sortedElements.add(elem);
+    for (const element of levelElements) {
+      const groupId = groupIdAtLevel(element, level);
+      if (groupId === undefined) {
+        slots.push(element);
+        continue;
       }
-    } else {
-      sortedElements.add(element);
+      let bucket = buckets.get(groupId);
+      if (!bucket) {
+        bucket = [];
+        buckets.set(groupId, bucket);
+        slots.push(groupId);
+      }
+      bucket.push(element);
     }
-  });
+
+    return slots.flatMap((slot) =>
+      typeof slot === "string"
+        ? orderLevel(buckets.get(slot)!, level + 1)
+        : [slot],
+    );
+  };
+
+  // `groupIds` is stored innermost-first, so the outermost group is the
+  // last entry. We recurse from level 0 (outermost) inward.
+  const sortedElements = orderLevel(elements, 0);
 
   // if there's a bug which resulted in losing some of the elements, return
   // original instead as that's better than losing data
-  if (sortedElements.size !== elements.length) {
-    console.error("normalizeGroupElementOrder: lost some elements... bailing!");
+  if (sortedElements.length !== elements.length) {
+    console.error("defragmentGroups: lost some elements... bailing!");
     return elements;
   }
 
-  return [...sortedElements];
+  return sortedElements;
 };
 
 /**
@@ -68,39 +65,40 @@ const normalizeGroupElementOrder = (elements: readonly ExcalidrawElement[]) => {
 const normalizeBoundElementsOrder = (
   elements: readonly ExcalidrawElement[],
 ) => {
-  const elementsMap = arrayToMapWithIndex(elements);
+  const elementsMap = arrayToMap(elements);
 
-  const origElements: (ExcalidrawElement | null)[] = elements.slice();
   const sortedElements = new Set<ExcalidrawElement>();
 
-  origElements.forEach((element, idx) => {
-    if (!element) {
-      return;
+  for (const element of elements) {
+    if (sortedElements.has(element)) {
+      continue;
     }
+
     if (element.boundElements?.length) {
       sortedElements.add(element);
-      origElements[idx] = null;
-      element.boundElements.forEach((boundElement) => {
+      for (const boundElement of element.boundElements) {
         const child = elementsMap.get(boundElement.id);
         if (child && boundElement.type === "text") {
-          sortedElements.add(child[0]);
-          origElements[child[1]] = null;
+          sortedElements.add(child);
         }
-      });
-    } else if (element.type === "text" && element.containerId) {
-      const parent = elementsMap.get(element.containerId);
-      if (!parent?.[0].boundElements?.find((x) => x.id === element.id)) {
-        sortedElements.add(element);
-        origElements[idx] = null;
-
-        // if element has a container and container lists it, skip this element
-        // as it'll be taken care of by the container
       }
-    } else {
-      sortedElements.add(element);
-      origElements[idx] = null;
+      continue;
     }
-  });
+
+    // if element has a container and container lists it, skip this element
+    // as it'll be taken care of by the container
+    if (
+      element.type === "text" &&
+      element.containerId &&
+      elementsMap
+        .get(element.containerId)
+        ?.boundElements?.some((el) => el.id === element.id)
+    ) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    sortedElements.add(element);
+  }
 
   // if there's a bug which resulted in losing some of the elements, return
   // original instead as that's better than losing data
@@ -117,5 +115,5 @@ const normalizeBoundElementsOrder = (
 export const normalizeElementOrder = (
   elements: readonly ExcalidrawElement[],
 ) => {
-  return normalizeBoundElementsOrder(normalizeGroupElementOrder(elements));
+  return normalizeBoundElementsOrder(defragmentGroups(elements));
 };

packages/element/src/transform.ts

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import {
 } from "@excalidraw/common";
 
 import type { MarkOptional } from "@excalidraw/common/utility-types";
+import type { Zoom } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/types";
 
 import { bindBindingElement } from "./binding";
 import {
@@ -248,6 +249,7 @@ const bindLinearElementToElement = (
   end: ValidLinearElement["end"],
   elementStore: ElementStore,
   scene: Scene,
+  zoom: Zoom,
 ): {
   linearElement: ExcalidrawLinearElement;
   startBoundElement?: ExcalidrawElement;
@@ -335,6 +337,7 @@ const bindLinearElementToElement = (
         "orbit",
         "start",
         scene,
+        zoom,
       );
     }
   }
@@ -411,6 +414,7 @@ const bindLinearElementToElement = (
         "orbit",
         "end",
         scene,
+        zoom,
       );
     }
   }
@@ -696,6 +700,7 @@ export const convertToExcalidrawElements = (
                 originalEnd,
                 elementStore,
                 scene,
+                { value: 1 } as Zoom,
               );
             container = linearElement;
             elementStore.add(linearElement);
@@ -721,6 +726,7 @@ export const convertToExcalidrawElements = (
                   end,
                   elementStore,
                   scene,
+                  { value: 1 } as Zoom,
                 );
 
               elementStore.add(linearElement);

packages/element/src/typeChecks.ts

@@ -392,3 +392,23 @@ export const canBecomePolygon = (
     (points.length === 3 && !pointsEqual(points[0], points[points.length - 1]))
   );
 };
+
+export const isEligibleFrameChildType = (type: ElementOrToolType) => {
+  switch (type) {
+    case "rectangle":
+    case "diamond":
+    case "ellipse":
+    case "arrow":
+    case "line":
+    case "freedraw":
+    case "text":
+    case "image":
+    case "frame":
+    case "embeddable": {
+      return true;
+    }
+    default: {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+};

packages/element/src/utils.ts

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import {
 
 import {
   bezierEquation,
+  clamp,
   curve,
   curveCatmullRomCubicApproxPoints,
   curveOffsetPoints,
@@ -26,7 +27,7 @@ import {
   type GlobalPoint,
 } from "@excalidraw/math";
 
-import type { Curve, LineSegment, LocalPoint } from "@excalidraw/math";
+import type { Curve, LineSegment, LocalPoint, Radians } from "@excalidraw/math";
 
 import type {
   AppState,
@@ -41,7 +42,7 @@ import { generateLinearCollisionShape } from "./shape";
 import { hitElementItself, isPointInElement } from "./collision";
 import { LinearElementEditor } from "./linearElementEditor";
 import { isRectangularElement } from "./typeChecks";
-import { maxBindingDistance_simple } from "./binding";
+import { getBindingGap, maxBindingDistance_simple } from "./binding";
 
 import {
   getGlobalFixedPointForBindableElement,
@@ -587,67 +588,193 @@ const getDiagonalsForBindableElement = (
   return [diagonalOne, diagonalTwo];
 };
 
-export const getSnapOutlineMidPoint = (
-  point: GlobalPoint,
+const getSnappedMidpointIndexForElbowArrow = (
   element: ExcalidrawBindableElement,
-  elementsMap: ElementsMap,
-  zoom: AppState["zoom"],
+  point: GlobalPoint,
+  center: GlobalPoint,
+  horizontalThreshold: number,
+  verticalThreshold: number,
 ) => {
-  const center = elementCenterPoint(element, elementsMap);
-  const sideMidpoints =
-    element.type === "diamond"
-      ? getDiamondBaseCorners(element).map((curve) => {
-          const point = bezierEquation(curve, 0.5);
-          const rotatedPoint = pointRotateRads(point, center, element.angle);
+  const { x, y, width, height, angle } = element;
+  const nonRotated = pointRotateRads(point, center, -angle as Radians);
 
-          return pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(rotatedPoint[0], rotatedPoint[1]);
-        })
-      : [
-          // RIGHT midpoint
-          pointRotateRads(
-            pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(
-              element.x + element.width,
-              element.y + element.height / 2,
-            ),
-            center,
-            element.angle,
-          ),
-          // BOTTOM midpoint
-          pointRotateRads(
-            pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(
-              element.x + element.width / 2,
-              element.y + element.height,
-            ),
-            center,
-            element.angle,
-          ),
-          // LEFT midpoint
-          pointRotateRads(
-            pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(element.x, element.y + element.height / 2),
-            center,
-            element.angle,
-          ),
-          // TOP midpoint
-          pointRotateRads(
-            pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(element.x + element.width / 2, element.y),
-            center,
-            element.angle,
-          ),
-        ];
-  const candidate = sideMidpoints.find(
-    (midpoint) =>
-      pointDistance(point, midpoint) <=
-        maxBindingDistance_simple(zoom) + element.strokeWidth / 2 &&
+  const bindingGap = getBindingGap(element);
+
+  if (pointDistance(center, nonRotated) < bindingGap) {
+    return -1;
+  }
+
+  if (
+    nonRotated[0] <= x + width / 2 &&
+    nonRotated[1] > center[1] - verticalThreshold &&
+    nonRotated[1] < center[1] + verticalThreshold
+  ) {
+    return 2;
+  } else if (
+    nonRotated[1] <= y + height / 2 &&
+    nonRotated[0] > center[0] - horizontalThreshold &&
+    nonRotated[0] < center[0] + horizontalThreshold
+  ) {
+    return 3;
+  } else if (
+    nonRotated[0] >= x + width / 2 &&
+    nonRotated[1] > center[1] - verticalThreshold &&
+    nonRotated[1] < center[1] + verticalThreshold
+  ) {
+    return 0;
+  } else if (
+    nonRotated[1] >= y + height / 2 &&
+    nonRotated[0] > center[0] - horizontalThreshold &&
+    nonRotated[0] < center[0] + horizontalThreshold
+  ) {
+    return 1;
+  } else if (element.type === "diamond") {
+    const distance = bindingGap;
+    const topLeft = pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(
+      x + width / 4 - distance,
+      y + height / 4 - distance,
+    );
+    const topRight = pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(
+      x + (3 * width) / 4 + distance,
+      y + height / 4 - distance,
+    );
+    const bottomLeft = pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(
+      x + width / 4 - distance,
+      y + (3 * height) / 4 + distance,
+    );
+    const bottomRight = pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(
+      x + (3 * width) / 4 + distance,
+      y + (3 * height) / 4 + distance,
+    );
+
+    if (
+      pointDistance(bottomLeft, nonRotated) <
+      Math.max(horizontalThreshold, verticalThreshold)
+    ) {
+      return 1;
+    }
+    if (
+      pointDistance(bottomRight, nonRotated) <
+      Math.max(horizontalThreshold, verticalThreshold)
+    ) {
+      return 0;
+    }
+    if (
+      pointDistance(topLeft, nonRotated) <
+      Math.max(horizontalThreshold, verticalThreshold)
+    ) {
+      return 2;
+    }
+    if (
+      pointDistance(topRight, nonRotated) <
+      Math.max(horizontalThreshold, verticalThreshold)
+    ) {
+      return 3;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return -1;
+};
+
+const getSnappedMidpointIndexForSimpleArrow = (
+  element: ExcalidrawBindableElement,
+  point: GlobalPoint,
+  elementsMap: ElementsMap,
+  horizontalThreshold: number,
+  verticalThreshold: number,
+) => {
+  const baseMidpoints = getAllMidpoints(element, elementsMap);
+
+  for (let i = 0; i < baseMidpoints.length; i++) {
+    const threshold = i % 2 === 0 ? horizontalThreshold : verticalThreshold;
+
+    if (
+      pointDistance(baseMidpoints[i], point) <= threshold &&
       !hitElementItself({
         point,
         element,
         threshold: 0,
         elementsMap,
         overrideShouldTestInside: true,
-      }),
-  );
+      })
+    ) {
+      return i;
+    }
+  }
 
-  return candidate;
+  return -1;
+};
+
+export const getAllMidpoints = (
+  element: ExcalidrawBindableElement,
+  elementsMap: ElementsMap,
+): GlobalPoint[] => {
+  const center = elementCenterPoint(element, elementsMap);
+
+  if (element.type === "diamond") {
+    return getDiamondBaseCorners(element).map((curve) =>
+      pointRotateRads(bezierEquation(curve, 0.5), center, element.angle),
+    );
+  }
+
+  return [
+    pointFrom(element.width, element.height / 2),
+    pointFrom(element.width / 2, element.height),
+    pointFrom(0, element.height / 2),
+    pointFrom(element.width / 2, 0),
+  ].map(([x, y]) =>
+    pointRotateRads(
+      pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(element.x + x, element.y + y),
+      center,
+      element.angle,
+    ),
+  );
+};
+
+export const getSnapOutlineMidPoint = (
+  point: GlobalPoint,
+  element: ExcalidrawBindableElement,
+  elementsMap: ElementsMap,
+  zoom: AppState["zoom"],
+  arrow: { elbowed: boolean },
+): GlobalPoint | undefined => {
+  const center = elementCenterPoint(element, elementsMap);
+  const baseMidpoints = getAllMidpoints(element, elementsMap);
+  const sideMidpoints =
+    element.type === "diamond"
+      ? baseMidpoints.map((midpoint) => {
+          return pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(
+            midpoint[0] + (midpoint[0] - center[0]) * 0.1,
+            midpoint[1] + (midpoint[1] - center[1]) * 0.1,
+          );
+        })
+      : baseMidpoints;
+
+  const TOLERANCE = 0.05;
+  const maxDistance = maxBindingDistance_simple(zoom) + element.strokeWidth / 2;
+  const verticalThreshold = clamp(TOLERANCE * element.height, 5, maxDistance);
+  const horizontalThreshold = clamp(TOLERANCE * element.width, 5, maxDistance);
+  const idx = arrow.elbowed
+    ? getSnappedMidpointIndexForElbowArrow(
+        element,
+        point,
+        center,
+        horizontalThreshold,
+        verticalThreshold,
+      )
+    : getSnappedMidpointIndexForSimpleArrow(
+        element,
+        point,
+        elementsMap,
+        horizontalThreshold,
+        verticalThreshold,
+      );
+
+  if (idx === -1) {
+    return undefined;
+  }
+
+  return sideMidpoints[idx];
 };
 
 export const projectFixedPointOntoDiagonal = (
@@ -660,9 +787,6 @@ export const projectFixedPointOntoDiagonal = (
   isMidpointSnappingEnabled: boolean = true,
 ): GlobalPoint | null => {
   invariant(arrow.points.length >= 2, "Arrow must have at least two points");
-  if (arrow.width < 3 && arrow.height < 3) {
-    return null;
-  }
 
   if (isMidpointSnappingEnabled) {
     const sideMidPoint = getSnapOutlineMidPoint(
@@ -670,6 +794,7 @@ export const projectFixedPointOntoDiagonal = (
       element,
       elementsMap,
       zoom,
+      arrow,
     );
     if (sideMidPoint) {
       return sideMidPoint;

packages/element/src/zindex.ts

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import { getElementsInGroup } from "./groups";
 import { syncMovedIndices } from "./fractionalIndex";
 import { getSelectedElements } from "./selection";
 import { getBoundTextElement, getContainerElement } from "./textElement";
-import { getHoveredElementForBinding } from "./collision";
 
 import type { Scene } from "./Scene";
 import type {
@@ -156,12 +155,8 @@ export const moveArrowAboveBindable = (
   elements: readonly Ordered<NonDeletedExcalidrawElement>[],
   elementsMap: NonDeletedSceneElementsMap,
   scene: Scene,
-  hit?: NonDeletedExcalidrawElement,
+  hoveredElement: NonDeletedExcalidrawElement,
 ): readonly OrderedExcalidrawElement[] => {
-  const hoveredElement = hit
-    ? hit
-    : getHoveredElementForBinding(point, elements, elementsMap);
-
   if (!hoveredElement) {
     return elements;
   }

packages/element/tests/elbowArrow.test.tsx

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import "@excalidraw/utils/test-utils";
 import { bindBindingElement } from "@excalidraw/element";
 
 import type { LocalPoint } from "@excalidraw/math";
+import type { Zoom } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/types";
 
 import { Scene } from "../src/Scene";
 
@@ -187,8 +188,12 @@ describe("elbow arrow routing", () => {
     }) as ExcalidrawElbowArrowElement;
     API.setElements([rectangle1, rectangle2, arrow]);
 
-    bindBindingElement(arrow, rectangle1, "orbit", "start", h.scene);
-    bindBindingElement(arrow, rectangle2, "orbit", "end", h.scene);
+    bindBindingElement(arrow, rectangle1, "orbit", "start", h.scene, {
+      value: 1,
+    } as Zoom);
+    bindBindingElement(arrow, rectangle2, "orbit", "end", h.scene, {
+      value: 1,
+    } as Zoom);
 
     expect(arrow.startBinding).not.toBe(null);
     expect(arrow.endBinding).not.toBe(null);

packages/element/tests/fractionalIndex.test.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
 /* eslint-disable no-lone-blocks */
-import { generateKeyBetween } from "fractional-indexing";
-
 import { arrayToMap } from "@excalidraw/common";
 
 import {
+  InvalidFractionalIndexError,
   syncInvalidIndices,
   syncMovedIndices,
   validateFractionalIndices,
@@ -13,13 +12,34 @@ import { deepCopyElement } from "@excalidraw/element";
 
 import { API } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/tests/helpers/api";
 
+import {
+  generateKeyBetween,
+  validateOrderKey,
+} from "@excalidraw/fractional-indexing";
+
 import type {
   ElementsMap,
   ExcalidrawElement,
   FractionalIndex,
 } from "@excalidraw/element/types";
 
-import { InvalidFractionalIndexError } from "../src/fractionalIndex";
+describe("fractional index format validation", () => {
+  it("should reject malformed base62 order keys", () => {
+    expect(() => validateOrderKey("a!")).toThrow();
+    expect(() => validateOrderKey("a_")).toThrow();
+    expect(() => validateOrderKey("a1!")).toThrow();
+    expect(() => validateOrderKey("a1_")).toThrow();
+    expect(() => validateOrderKey("zd0032")).toThrow();
+  });
+
+  it("should accept valid base62 order keys", () => {
+    expect(() => validateOrderKey("Zz")).not.toThrow();
+    expect(() => validateOrderKey("a0")).not.toThrow();
+    expect(() => validateOrderKey("a1")).not.toThrow();
+    expect(() => validateOrderKey("a1V")).not.toThrow();
+    expect(() => validateOrderKey("z".padEnd(28, "z"))).not.toThrow();
+  });
+});
 
 describe("sync invalid indices with array order", () => {
   describe("should NOT sync empty array", () => {
@@ -104,6 +124,46 @@ describe("sync invalid indices with array order", () => {
     });
   });
 
+  describe("should sync when fractional index is malformed", () => {
+    // "zd0032" has head "z" which requires length 28 per getIntegerLength,
+    // but the string is far too short, so validateOrderKey throws for it
+    testInvalidIndicesSync({
+      elements: [{ id: "A", index: "zd0032" }],
+      expect: {
+        unchangedElements: [],
+      },
+    });
+
+    testInvalidIndicesSync({
+      elements: [
+        { id: "A", index: "a1" },
+        { id: "B", index: "zd0032" },
+        { id: "C", index: "a3" },
+      ],
+      expect: {
+        unchangedElements: ["A", "C"],
+      },
+    });
+
+    testInvalidIndicesSync({
+      elements: [{ id: "A", index: "a!" }],
+      expect: {
+        unchangedElements: [],
+      },
+    });
+
+    testInvalidIndicesSync({
+      elements: [
+        { id: "A", index: "a1" },
+        { id: "B", index: "a!" },
+        { id: "C", index: "a2" },
+      ],
+      expect: {
+        unchangedElements: ["A", "C"],
+      },
+    });
+  });
+
   describe("should sync when fractional indices are duplicated", () => {
     testInvalidIndicesSync({
       elements: [

packages/element/tests/frame.test.tsx

@@ -2,15 +2,24 @@ import {
   convertToExcalidrawElements,
   Excalidraw,
 } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw";
+import { arrayToMap } from "@excalidraw/common";
 
 import { API } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/tests/helpers/api";
-import { Keyboard, Pointer } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/tests/helpers/ui";
+import { Keyboard, Pointer, UI } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/tests/helpers/ui";
+import { getTextEditor } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/tests/queries/dom";
 import {
   getCloneByOrigId,
   render,
 } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/tests/test-utils";
 
-import type { ExcalidrawElement } from "../src/types";
+import { getSelectedElements } from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/scene";
+
+import { elementOverlapsWithFrame } from "../src/frame";
+
+import type {
+  ExcalidrawElement,
+  ExcalidrawFrameLikeElement,
+} from "../src/types";
 
 const { h } = window;
 const mouse = new Pointer("mouse");
@@ -125,6 +134,250 @@ describe("adding elements to frames", () => {
     });
   });
 
+  it("should treat an element fully containing a frame as overlapping the frame", () => {
+    const containingRect = API.createElement({
+      type: "rectangle",
+      x: -50,
+      y: -50,
+      width: 250,
+      height: 250,
+    });
+
+    API.setElements([containingRect, frame]);
+
+    expect(
+      elementOverlapsWithFrame(
+        containingRect,
+        frame as ExcalidrawFrameLikeElement,
+        arrayToMap(h.elements),
+      ),
+    ).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it("should not add a newly created element to a frame behind a non-frame element", () => {
+    const cover = API.createElement({
+      id: "cover",
+      type: "rectangle",
+      x: 10,
+      y: 10,
+      width: 80,
+      height: 80,
+      backgroundColor: "#ffc9c9",
+    });
+
+    API.setElements([frame, cover]);
+
+    UI.clickTool("rectangle");
+    mouse.downAt(20, 20);
+    mouse.moveTo(40, 40);
+    mouse.upAt(40, 40);
+
+    const createdElement = h.elements.find(
+      (element) => element.id !== frame.id && element.id !== cover.id,
+    );
+
+    expect(createdElement?.frameId).toBe(null);
+    expect(h.elements.map((element) => element.id)).toEqual([
+      frame.id,
+      cover.id,
+      createdElement?.id,
+    ]);
+  });
+
+  it("should add a newly created element to a frame over a non-frame element", () => {
+    const cover = API.createElement({
+      id: "cover",
+      type: "rectangle",
+      x: 10,
+      y: 10,
+      width: 80,
+      height: 80,
+      backgroundColor: "#ffc9c9",
+    });
+
+    API.setElements([cover, frame]);
+
+    UI.clickTool("rectangle");
+    mouse.downAt(20, 20);
+    mouse.moveTo(40, 40);
+    mouse.upAt(40, 40);
+
+    const createdElement = h.elements.find(
+      (element) => element.id !== frame.id && element.id !== cover.id,
+    );
+
+    expect(createdElement?.frameId).toBe(frame.id);
+  });
+
+  it("should highlight the target frame while creating a new element", () => {
+    API.setElements([frame]);
+
+    UI.clickTool("rectangle");
+    mouse.downAt(20, 20);
+    mouse.moveTo(40, 40);
+
+    expect(h.state.frameToHighlight?.id).toBe(frame.id);
+
+    mouse.upAt(40, 40);
+
+    expect(h.state.frameToHighlight).toBe(null);
+  });
+
+  it("should highlight the target frame while hovering with a creation tool", () => {
+    API.setElements([frame]);
+
+    UI.clickTool("rectangle");
+    mouse.moveTo(20, 20);
+
+    expect(h.state.frameToHighlight?.id).toBe(frame.id);
+
+    mouse.moveTo(200, 200);
+
+    expect(h.state.frameToHighlight).toBe(null);
+  });
+
+  it("should not add grid-snapped text outside the frame to the clicked frame", async () => {
+    const offsetFrame = API.createElement({
+      id: "offsetFrame",
+      type: "frame",
+      x: 10,
+      y: 0,
+      width: 150,
+      height: 150,
+    });
+
+    API.setElements([offsetFrame]);
+    API.setAppState({
+      gridModeEnabled: true,
+    });
+
+    UI.clickTool("text");
+    mouse.clickAt(12, 0);
+
+    await getTextEditor();
+
+    const createdText = h.elements.find(
+      (element) => element.id !== offsetFrame.id,
+    );
+
+    expect(createdText?.x).toBe(0);
+    expect(createdText?.y).toBe(0);
+    expect(createdText?.frameId).toBe(null);
+  });
+
+  it("should add a newly created element to a frame behind another frame", () => {
+    const lockedFrame = API.createElement({
+      id: "lockedFrame",
+      type: "frame",
+      x: 10,
+      y: 10,
+      width: 80,
+      height: 80,
+      locked: true,
+    });
+
+    API.setElements([frame, lockedFrame]);
+
+    UI.clickTool("rectangle");
+    mouse.downAt(20, 20);
+    mouse.moveTo(40, 40);
+    mouse.upAt(40, 40);
+
+    const createdElement = h.elements.find(
+      (element) => element.id !== frame.id && element.id !== lockedFrame.id,
+    );
+
+    expect(createdElement?.frameId).toBe(frame.id);
+  });
+
+  it("should insert a newly created frame child just below its frame", () => {
+    const frameChildUnderCursor = API.createElement({
+      id: "frameChildUnderCursor",
+      type: "rectangle",
+      x: 10,
+      y: 10,
+      width: 80,
+      height: 80,
+      backgroundColor: "#ffc9c9",
+      frameId: frame.id,
+    });
+    const otherFrameChild = API.createElement({
+      id: "otherFrameChild",
+      type: "rectangle",
+      x: 100,
+      y: 20,
+      width: 20,
+      height: 20,
+      frameId: frame.id,
+    });
+
+    API.setElements([frameChildUnderCursor, otherFrameChild, frame]);
+
+    UI.clickTool("rectangle");
+    mouse.downAt(20, 20);
+    mouse.moveTo(40, 40);
+    mouse.upAt(40, 40);
+
+    const createdElement = h.elements.find(
+      (element) =>
+        element.id !== frame.id &&
+        element.id !== frameChildUnderCursor.id &&
+        element.id !== otherFrameChild.id,
+    );
+
+    expect(createdElement?.frameId).toBe(frame.id);
+    expect(h.elements.map((element) => element.id)).toEqual([
+      frameChildUnderCursor.id,
+      otherFrameChild.id,
+      createdElement?.id,
+      frame.id,
+    ]);
+  });
+
+  it("should insert a newly created frame child above the highest frame child", () => {
+    const frameChildUnderCursor = API.createElement({
+      id: "frameChildUnderCursor",
+      type: "rectangle",
+      x: 10,
+      y: 10,
+      width: 80,
+      height: 80,
+      backgroundColor: "#ffc9c9",
+      frameId: frame.id,
+    });
+    const otherFrameChild = API.createElement({
+      id: "otherFrameChild",
+      type: "rectangle",
+      x: 100,
+      y: 20,
+      width: 20,
+      height: 20,
+      frameId: frame.id,
+    });
+
+    API.setElements([frame, frameChildUnderCursor, otherFrameChild]);
+
+    UI.clickTool("rectangle");
+    mouse.downAt(20, 20);
+    mouse.moveTo(40, 40);
+    mouse.upAt(40, 40);
+
+    const createdElement = h.elements.find(
+      (element) =>
+        element.id !== frame.id &&
+        element.id !== frameChildUnderCursor.id &&
+        element.id !== otherFrameChild.id,
+    );
+
+    expect(createdElement?.frameId).toBe(frame.id);
+    expect(h.elements.map((element) => element.id)).toEqual([
+      frame.id,
+      frameChildUnderCursor.id,
+      otherFrameChild.id,
+      createdElement?.id,
+    ]);
+  });
+
   const commonTestCases = async (
     func: typeof resizeFrameOverElement | typeof dragElementIntoFrame,
   ) => {
@@ -415,6 +668,345 @@ describe("adding elements to frames", () => {
   describe("dragging elements into the frame", async () => {
     await commonTestCases(dragElementIntoFrame);
 
+    it("should add a dragged element fully containing the frame", () => {
+      const containingRect = API.createElement({
+        type: "rectangle",
+        x: 220,
+        y: 20,
+        width: 300,
+        height: 300,
+      });
+
+      API.setElements([frame, containingRect]);
+
+      dragElementIntoFrame(frame, containingRect);
+
+      expect(API.getElement(containingRect).frameId).toBe(frame.id);
+    });
+
+    it("should drag an element into a frame", () => {
+      API.setElements([rect2, frame]);
+
+      dragElementIntoFrame(frame, rect2);
+
+      expect(rect2.frameId).toBe(frame.id);
+    });
+
+    it("should layer a dragged element above the highest frame child", () => {
+      const frameChild = API.createElement({
+        id: "frameChild",
+        type: "rectangle",
+        x: 10,
+        y: 10,
+        width: 20,
+        height: 20,
+        frameId: frame.id,
+      });
+
+      API.setElements([frame, frameChild, rect2]);
+
+      dragElementIntoFrame(frame, rect2);
+
+      expect(rect2.frameId).toBe(frame.id);
+      expect(h.elements.map((element) => element.id)).toEqual([
+        frame.id,
+        frameChild.id,
+        rect2.id,
+      ]);
+      expect(rect2.index! > frameChild.index!).toBe(true);
+      expect(rect2.index! > frame.index!).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    it("should preview a dragged element above the highest frame child before pointerup", () => {
+      const frameChild = API.createElement({
+        id: "frameChild",
+        type: "rectangle",
+        x: 10,
+        y: 10,
+        width: 20,
+        height: 20,
+        frameId: frame.id,
+      });
+
+      API.setElements([rect2, frame, frameChild]);
+      API.setSelectedElements([rect2]);
+      API.updateElement(rect2, {
+        x: 10,
+        y: 10,
+      });
+
+      const getRenderableElementIds = (
+        selectedElementsAreBeingDragged: boolean,
+      ) => {
+        return h.app.renderer
+          .getRenderableElements({
+            zoom: h.state.zoom,
+            offsetLeft: 0,
+            offsetTop: 0,
+            scrollX: 0,
+            scrollY: 0,
+            height: 1000,
+            width: 1000,
+            editingTextElement: h.state.editingTextElement,
+            newElement: h.state.newElement,
+            selectedElements: getSelectedElements(h.elements, h.state),
+            selectedElementsAreBeingDragged,
+            frameToHighlight: frame as ExcalidrawFrameLikeElement,
+          })
+          .visibleElements.map((element) => element.id);
+      };
+
+      expect(h.elements.map((element) => element.id)).toEqual([
+        rect2.id,
+        frame.id,
+        frameChild.id,
+      ]);
+      expect(getRenderableElementIds(false)).toEqual([
+        rect2.id,
+        frame.id,
+        frameChild.id,
+      ]);
+      expect(getRenderableElementIds(true)).toEqual([
+        frame.id,
+        frameChild.id,
+        rect2.id,
+      ]);
+      expect(h.elements.map((element) => element.id)).toEqual([
+        rect2.id,
+        frame.id,
+        frameChild.id,
+      ]);
+      expect(rect2.frameId).toBe(null);
+    });
+
+    it("should not preview reorder dragged elements already in the highlighted frame", () => {
+      const frameChild = API.createElement({
+        id: "frameChild",
+        type: "rectangle",
+        x: 10,
+        y: 10,
+        width: 20,
+        height: 20,
+        frameId: frame.id,
+      });
+      const otherFrameChild = API.createElement({
+        id: "otherFrameChild",
+        type: "rectangle",
+        x: 40,
+        y: 10,
+        width: 20,
+        height: 20,
+        frameId: frame.id,
+      });
+
+      API.setElements([frameChild, frame, otherFrameChild]);
+      API.setSelectedElements([frameChild]);
+
+      const renderableElementIds = h.app.renderer
+        .getRenderableElements({
+          zoom: h.state.zoom,
+          offsetLeft: 0,
+          offsetTop: 0,
+          scrollX: 0,
+          scrollY: 0,
+          height: 1000,
+          width: 1000,
+          editingTextElement: h.state.editingTextElement,
+          newElement: h.state.newElement,
+          selectedElements: getSelectedElements(h.elements, h.state),
+          selectedElementsAreBeingDragged: true,
+          frameToHighlight: frame as ExcalidrawFrameLikeElement,
+        })
+        .visibleElements.map((element) => element.id);
+
+      expect(renderableElementIds).toEqual([
+        frameChild.id,
+        frame.id,
+        otherFrameChild.id,
+      ]);
+    });
+
+    it("should put a dragged mixed selection above the highest frame child", () => {
+      const frameChild = API.createElement({
+        id: "frameChild",
+        type: "rectangle",
+        x: 50,
+        y: 10,
+        width: 20,
+        height: 20,
+        frameId: frame.id,
+        boundElements: [{ id: "boundText", type: "text" }],
+      });
+      const boundText = API.createElement({
+        id: "boundText",
+        type: "text",
+        x: 50,
+        y: 10,
+        width: 20,
+        height: 20,
+        containerId: frameChild.id,
+        frameId: frame.id,
+      });
+      const otherFrameChild = API.createElement({
+        id: "otherFrameChild",
+        type: "rectangle",
+        x: 80,
+        y: 10,
+        width: 20,
+        height: 20,
+        frameId: frame.id,
+      });
+      const nonFrameElement = API.createElement({
+        id: "nonFrameElement",
+        type: "rectangle",
+        x: 155,
+        y: 10,
+        width: 20,
+        height: 20,
+      });
+
+      API.setElements([
+        frame,
+        frameChild,
+        boundText,
+        otherFrameChild,
+        nonFrameElement,
+      ]);
+      API.setSelectedElements([frameChild, nonFrameElement]);
+
+      mouse.downAt(
+        nonFrameElement.x + nonFrameElement.width / 2,
+        nonFrameElement.y + nonFrameElement.height / 2,
+      );
+      mouse.moveTo(frame.x + frame.width - 5, nonFrameElement.y + 10);
+      mouse.up();
+
+      expect(frameChild.frameId).toBe(frame.id);
+      expect(boundText.frameId).toBe(frame.id);
+      expect(nonFrameElement.frameId).toBe(frame.id);
+      expect(h.elements.map((element) => element.id)).toEqual([
+        frame.id,
+        otherFrameChild.id,
+        frameChild.id,
+        boundText.id,
+        nonFrameElement.id,
+      ]);
+    });
+
+    it("should not reorder dragged elements already in the highlighted frame", () => {
+      const frameChild = API.createElement({
+        id: "frameChild",
+        type: "rectangle",
+        x: 50,
+        y: 10,
+        width: 20,
+        height: 20,
+        frameId: frame.id,
+      });
+      const otherFrameChild = API.createElement({
+        id: "otherFrameChild",
+        type: "rectangle",
+        x: 80,
+        y: 10,
+        width: 20,
+        height: 20,
+        frameId: frame.id,
+      });
+
+      API.setElements([frame, frameChild, otherFrameChild]);
+      API.setSelectedElements([frameChild]);
+
+      mouse.downAt(
+        frameChild.x + frameChild.width / 2,
+        frameChild.y + frameChild.height / 2,
+      );
+      mouse.moveTo(frameChild.x + frameChild.width / 2 + 5, frameChild.y + 10);
+      mouse.up();
+
+      expect(frameChild.frameId).toBe(frame.id);
+      expect(h.elements.map((element) => element.id)).toEqual([
+        frame.id,
+        frameChild.id,
+        otherFrameChild.id,
+      ]);
+    });
+
+    it("should not drag an element into a frame behind a non-frame element", () => {
+      const cover = API.createElement({
+        id: "cover",
+        type: "rectangle",
+        x: 10,
+        y: 10,
+        width: 80,
+        height: 80,
+        backgroundColor: "#ffc9c9",
+      });
+      API.setElements([frame, cover, rect2]);
+
+      mouse.clickAt(rect2.x, rect2.y);
+      mouse.downAt(rect2.x + rect2.width / 2, rect2.y + rect2.height / 2);
+      mouse.moveTo(20, 20);
+      mouse.upAt(20, 20);
+
+      expect(rect2.frameId).toBe(null);
+    });
+
+    it("should drag an element into a frame over a non-frame element", () => {
+      const cover = API.createElement({
+        id: "cover",
+        type: "rectangle",
+        x: 10,
+        y: 10,
+        width: 80,
+        height: 80,
+        backgroundColor: "#ffc9c9",
+      });
+      API.setElements([cover, rect2, frame]);
+
+      mouse.clickAt(rect2.x, rect2.y);
+      mouse.downAt(rect2.x + rect2.width / 2, rect2.y + rect2.height / 2);
+      mouse.moveTo(20, 20);
+      mouse.upAt(20, 20);
+
+      expect(rect2.frameId).toBe(frame.id);
+    });
+
+    it("should keep dragging a frame child over a non-frame element above its frame", () => {
+      const cover = API.createElement({
+        id: "cover",
+        type: "rectangle",
+        x: 10,
+        y: 10,
+        width: 80,
+        height: 80,
+        backgroundColor: "#ffc9c9",
+      });
+      const frameChild = API.createElement({
+        id: "frameChild",
+        type: "rectangle",
+        x: 100,
+        y: 20,
+        width: 20,
+        height: 20,
+        frameId: frame.id,
+      });
+
+      API.setElements([frameChild, frame, cover]);
+      API.setSelectedElements([frameChild]);
+
+      mouse.downAt(
+        frameChild.x + frameChild.width / 2,
+        frameChild.y + frameChild.height / 2,
+      );
+      mouse.moveTo(20, 20);
+
+      expect(h.state.frameToHighlight?.id).toBe(frame.id);
+
+      mouse.upAt(20, 20);
+
+      expect(frameChild.frameId).toBe(frame.id);
+    });
+
     it.skip("should drag element inside, duplicate it and keep it in frame", () => {
       API.setElements([frame, rect2]);
 

packages/element/tests/linearElementEditor.test.tsx

@@ -155,24 +155,6 @@ describe("Test Linear Elements", () => {
     });
   };
 
-  const dragMove = (startPoint: GlobalPoint, endPoint: GlobalPoint) => {
-    fireEvent.pointerDown(interactiveCanvas, {
-      clientX: startPoint[0],
-      clientY: startPoint[1],
-    });
-    fireEvent.pointerMove(interactiveCanvas, {
-      clientX: endPoint[0],
-      clientY: endPoint[1],
-    });
-  };
-
-  const dragEnd = (endPoint: GlobalPoint) => {
-    fireEvent.pointerUp(interactiveCanvas, {
-      clientX: endPoint[0],
-      clientY: endPoint[1],
-    });
-  };
-
   const deletePoint = (point: GlobalPoint) => {
     fireEvent.pointerDown(interactiveCanvas, {
       clientX: point[0],
@@ -276,73 +258,6 @@ describe("Test Linear Elements", () => {
     expect(h.state.selectedLinearElement?.elementId).toEqual(h.elements[0].id);
   });
 
-  it("shows snap lines and snaps the endpoint when creating a line", () => {
-    const rect = API.createElement({
-      type: "rectangle",
-      x: 100,
-      y: 100,
-      width: 40,
-      height: 40,
-    });
-    API.setElements([rect]);
-    API.setAppState({ objectsSnapModeEnabled: true });
-
-    UI.clickTool("line");
-
-    const startPoint = pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(20, 20);
-    const pointerNearCorner = pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(95, 95);
-
-    dragMove(startPoint, pointerNearCorner);
-
-    expect(h.state.snapLines.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
-
-    dragEnd(pointerNearCorner);
-
-    const line = h.elements.find(
-      (element): element is ExcalidrawLinearElement => element.type === "line",
-    );
-
-    expect(line).toBeDefined();
-
-    const endpoint = LinearElementEditor.getPointGlobalCoordinates(
-      line!,
-      line!.points[line!.points.length - 1],
-      h.app.scene.getNonDeletedElementsMap(),
-    );
-
-    expect(endpoint).toEqual(pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(100, 100));
-  });
-
-  it("prefers binding over external snaps when creating an arrow endpoint", () => {
-    const rect = API.createElement({
-      type: "rectangle",
-      x: 100,
-      y: 100,
-      width: 40,
-      height: 40,
-    });
-    API.setElements([rect]);
-    API.setAppState({ objectsSnapModeEnabled: true });
-
-    UI.clickTool("arrow");
-
-    const startPoint = pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(20, 20);
-    const pointerNearBindable = pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(96, 118);
-
-    dragMove(startPoint, pointerNearBindable);
-
-    expect(h.state.suggestedBinding?.element.id).toBe(rect.id);
-    expect(h.state.snapLines).toEqual([]);
-
-    dragEnd(pointerNearBindable);
-
-    const arrow = h.elements.find(
-      (element): element is ExcalidrawLinearElement => element.type === "arrow",
-    );
-
-    expect(arrow?.endBinding?.elementId).toBe(rect.id);
-  });
-
   it("should enter line editor via enter (line)", () => {
     createTwoPointerLinearElement("line");
     expect(h.state.selectedLinearElement?.isEditing).toBe(false);
@@ -486,77 +401,6 @@ describe("Test Linear Elements", () => {
       `);
     });
 
-    it("shows snap lines when dragging a point to another line point axis", () => {
-      const line = API.createElement({
-        type: "line",
-        x: 20,
-        y: 20,
-        width: 100,
-        height: 50,
-        roughness: 0,
-        points: [
-          pointFrom<LocalPoint>(0, 0),
-          pointFrom<LocalPoint>(50, 50),
-          pointFrom<LocalPoint>(100, 0),
-        ],
-      });
-
-      API.setElements([line]);
-      API.setAppState({ objectsSnapModeEnabled: true });
-      enterLineEditingMode(line);
-
-      const middlePoint = pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(70, 70);
-      const pointerNearEndPointX = pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(117, 65);
-
-      dragMove(middlePoint, pointerNearEndPointX);
-
-      expect(h.state.snapLines.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
-
-      dragEnd(pointerNearEndPointX);
-
-      expect(API.getElement(line).points[1]).toEqual(
-        pointFrom<LocalPoint>(100, 45),
-      );
-    });
-
-    it("prefers binding over external snaps when dragging an existing arrow endpoint", () => {
-      const rect = API.createElement({
-        type: "rectangle",
-        x: 100,
-        y: 100,
-        width: 40,
-        height: 40,
-      });
-      const arrow = API.createElement({
-        type: "arrow",
-        x: 20,
-        y: 20,
-        width: 40,
-        height: 0,
-        points: [pointFrom<LocalPoint>(0, 0), pointFrom<LocalPoint>(40, 0)],
-      });
-
-      API.setElements([rect, arrow]);
-      API.setAppState({ objectsSnapModeEnabled: true });
-      enterLineEditingMode(arrow);
-
-      const endPoint = LinearElementEditor.getPointGlobalCoordinates(
-        arrow,
-        arrow.points[arrow.points.length - 1],
-        h.app.scene.getNonDeletedElementsMap(),
-      );
-      const pointerNearBindable = pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(96, 118);
-
-      dragMove(endPoint, pointerNearBindable);
-
-      expect(h.state.suggestedBinding?.element.id).toBe(rect.id);
-      expect(h.state.snapLines).toEqual([]);
-
-      dragEnd(pointerNearBindable);
-
-      expect(API.getElement(arrow).endBinding?.elementId).toBe(rect.id);
-    });
-
     it("should update the midpoints when element roundness changed", async () => {
       createThreePointerLinearElement("line");
 

packages/element/tests/sortElements.test.ts

@@ -326,19 +326,59 @@ describe("normalizeElementsOrder", () => {
       ]),
       [
         "BA_rect1",
+        "CBA_rect3",
+        "CBA_rect7",
         "BA_rect5",
         "BA_rect6",
         "A_rect2",
         "A_rect5",
-        "CBA_rect3",
-        "CBA_rect7",
         "rect4",
         "X_rect8",
-        "X_rect11",
         "YX_rect10",
+        "X_rect11",
         "rect9",
       ],
     );
+    assertOrder(
+      normalizeElementOrder([
+        API.createElement({
+          id: "A_rect1",
+          type: "rectangle",
+          groupIds: ["A"],
+        }),
+        API.createElement({
+          id: "CBA_rect2",
+          type: "rectangle",
+          groupIds: ["C", "B", "A"],
+        }),
+        API.createElement({
+          id: "A_rect3",
+          type: "rectangle",
+          groupIds: ["A"],
+        }),
+      ]),
+      ["A_rect1", "CBA_rect2", "A_rect3"],
+    );
+    assertOrder(
+      normalizeElementOrder([
+        API.createElement({
+          id: "abcT_rect1",
+          type: "rectangle",
+          groupIds: ["ab", "c", "T"],
+        }),
+        API.createElement({
+          id: "abcT_rect2",
+          type: "rectangle",
+          groupIds: ["a", "bc", "T"],
+        }),
+        API.createElement({
+          id: "abcT_rect3",
+          type: "rectangle",
+          groupIds: ["ab", "c", "T"],
+        }),
+      ]),
+      ["abcT_rect1", "abcT_rect3", "abcT_rect2"],
+    );
   });
 
   // TODO

packages/excalidraw/actions/actionDeselect.ts

@@ -101,6 +101,7 @@ export const actionDeselect = register({
           selectionElement: null,
           showHyperlinkPopup: false,
           suggestedBinding: null,
+          frameToHighlight: null,
         },
         captureUpdate: CaptureUpdateAction.IMMEDIATELY,
       };
@@ -118,6 +119,7 @@ export const actionDeselect = register({
         selectionElement: null,
         showHyperlinkPopup: false,
         suggestedBinding: null,
+        frameToHighlight: null,
       },
       captureUpdate: CaptureUpdateAction.IMMEDIATELY,
     };

packages/excalidraw/actions/actionFinalize.tsx

@@ -329,8 +329,8 @@ export const actionFinalize = register<FormData>({
         selectionElement: null,
         multiElement: null,
         editingTextElement: null,
-        startBoundElement: null,
         suggestedBinding: null,
+        frameToHighlight: null,
         selectedElementIds:
           element &&
           !appState.activeTool.locked &&

packages/excalidraw/actions/actionFrame.ts

@@ -205,7 +205,6 @@ export const actionWrapSelectionInFrame = register({
       [...app.scene.getElementsIncludingDeleted(), frame],
       selectedElements,
       frame,
-      appState,
     );
 
     return {

packages/excalidraw/actions/actionGroup.tsx

@@ -277,7 +277,6 @@ export const actionUngroup = register({
             elementsMap,
           ),
           frame,
-          app,
         );
       }
     });

packages/excalidraw/actions/actionHistory.tsx

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import {
-  isWindows,
   KEYS,
   matchKey,
   arrayToMap,
@@ -114,7 +113,7 @@ export const createRedoAction: ActionCreator = (history) => ({
     ),
   keyTest: (event) =>
     (event[KEYS.CTRL_OR_CMD] && event.shiftKey && matchKey(event, KEYS.Z)) ||
-    (isWindows && event.ctrlKey && !event.shiftKey && matchKey(event, KEYS.Y)),
+    (event[KEYS.CTRL_OR_CMD] && !event.shiftKey && matchKey(event, KEYS.Y)),
   PanelComponent: ({ appState, updateData, data, app }) => {
     const { isRedoStackEmpty } = useEmitter(
       history.onHistoryChangedEmitter,

packages/excalidraw/actions/actionProperties.tsx

@@ -1897,6 +1897,7 @@ export const actionChangeArrowType = register<keyof typeof ARROW_TYPE>({
                   startElement,
                   "start",
                   elementsMap,
+                  appState.zoom,
                   appState.isBindingEnabled,
                 ),
               }
@@ -1911,6 +1912,7 @@ export const actionChangeArrowType = register<keyof typeof ARROW_TYPE>({
                   endElement,
                   "end",
                   elementsMap,
+                  appState.zoom,
                   appState.isBindingEnabled,
                 ),
               }
@@ -1943,6 +1945,7 @@ export const actionChangeArrowType = register<keyof typeof ARROW_TYPE>({
               appState.bindMode === "inside" ? "inside" : "orbit",
               "start",
               app.scene,
+              appState.zoom,
             );
           }
         }
@@ -1957,6 +1960,7 @@ export const actionChangeArrowType = register<keyof typeof ARROW_TYPE>({
               appState.bindMode === "inside" ? "inside" : "orbit",
               "end",
               app.scene,
+              appState.zoom,
             );
           }
         }

packages/excalidraw/animatedTrail.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import { LaserPointer } from "@excalidraw/laser-pointer";
-
 import {
   SVG_NS,
   getSvgPathFromStroke,
@@ -8,7 +7,8 @@ import {
 
 import type { LaserPointerOptions } from "@excalidraw/laser-pointer";
 
-import type { AnimationFrameHandler } from "./animation-frame-handler";
+import { AnimationController } from "./renderer/animation";
+
 import type App from "./components/App";
 import type { AppState } from "./types";
 
@@ -34,15 +34,16 @@ export class AnimatedTrail implements Trail {
   private container?: SVGSVGElement;
   private trailElement: SVGPathElement;
   private trailAnimation?: SVGAnimateElement;
+  private key: string;
+
+  private static counter = 0;
 
   constructor(
-    private animationFrameHandler: AnimationFrameHandler,
     protected app: App,
     private options: Partial<LaserPointerOptions> &
       Partial<AnimatedTrailOptions>,
   ) {
-    this.animationFrameHandler.register(this, this.onFrame.bind(this));
-
+    this.key = `animated-trail-${AnimatedTrail.counter++}`;
     this.trailElement = document.createElementNS(SVG_NS, "path");
     if (this.options.animateTrail) {
       this.trailAnimation = document.createElementNS(SVG_NS, "animate");
@@ -73,6 +74,15 @@ export class AnimatedTrail implements Trail {
     return false;
   }
 
+  private cleanup() {
+    this.pastTrails = [];
+    this.currentTrail = undefined;
+
+    if (this.trailElement.parentNode === this.container) {
+      this.container?.removeChild(this.trailElement);
+    }
+  }
+
   start(container?: SVGSVGElement) {
     if (container) {
       this.container = container;
@@ -82,15 +92,23 @@ export class AnimatedTrail implements Trail {
       this.container.appendChild(this.trailElement);
     }
 
-    this.animationFrameHandler.start(this);
+    if (!AnimationController.running(this.key)) {
+      AnimationController.start(this.key, () => {
+        const needsNext = this.onFrame();
+        if (needsNext) {
+          return { keep: true };
+        }
+
+        this.cleanup();
+
+        return null;
+      });
+    }
   }
 
   stop() {
-    this.animationFrameHandler.stop(this);
-
-    if (this.trailElement.parentNode === this.container) {
-      this.container?.removeChild(this.trailElement);
-    }
+    AnimationController.cancel(this.key);
+    this.cleanup();
   }
 
   startPath(x: number, y: number) {
@@ -145,21 +163,25 @@ export class AnimatedTrail implements Trail {
 
     if (this.currentTrail) {
       const currentPath = this.drawTrail(this.currentTrail, this.app.state);
-
       paths.push(currentPath);
     }
 
-    this.pastTrails = this.pastTrails.filter((trail) => {
-      return trail.getStrokeOutline().length !== 0;
-    });
+    this.pastTrails = this.pastTrails.filter(
+      (t) =>
+        t.getStrokeOutline(t.options.size / this.app.state.zoom.value)
+          .length !== 0,
+    );
 
     if (paths.length === 0) {
-      this.stop();
+      // Clean up the SVG path if there are no trails to render
+      this.trailElement.setAttribute("d", "");
+
+      return false;
     }
 
     const svgPaths = paths.join(" ").trim();
-
     this.trailElement.setAttribute("d", svgPaths);
+
     if (this.trailAnimation) {
       this.trailElement.setAttribute(
         "fill",
@@ -175,6 +197,8 @@ export class AnimatedTrail implements Trail {
         (this.options.fill ?? (() => "black"))(this),
       );
     }
+
+    return true;
   }
 
   private drawTrail(trail: LaserPointer, state: AppState): string {

packages/excalidraw/animation-frame-handler.ts

@@ -1,79 +0,0 @@
-export type AnimationCallback = (timestamp: number) => void | boolean;
-
-export type AnimationTarget = {
-  callback: AnimationCallback;
-  stopped: boolean;
-};
-
-export class AnimationFrameHandler {
-  private targets = new WeakMap<object, AnimationTarget>();
-  private rafIds = new WeakMap<object, number>();
-
-  register(key: object, callback: AnimationCallback) {
-    this.targets.set(key, { callback, stopped: true });
-  }
-
-  start(key: object) {
-    const target = this.targets.get(key);
-
-    if (!target) {
-      return;
-    }
-
-    if (this.rafIds.has(key)) {
-      return;
-    }
-
-    this.targets.set(key, { ...target, stopped: false });
-    this.scheduleFrame(key);
-  }
-
-  stop(key: object) {
-    const target = this.targets.get(key);
-    if (target && !target.stopped) {
-      this.targets.set(key, { ...target, stopped: true });
-    }
-
-    this.cancelFrame(key);
-  }
-
-  private constructFrame(key: object): FrameRequestCallback {
-    return (timestamp: number) => {
-      const target = this.targets.get(key);
-
-      if (!target) {
-        return;
-      }
-
-      const shouldAbort = this.onFrame(target, timestamp);
-
-      if (!target.stopped && !shouldAbort) {
-        this.scheduleFrame(key);
-      } else {
-        this.cancelFrame(key);
-      }
-    };
-  }
-
-  private scheduleFrame(key: object) {
-    const rafId = requestAnimationFrame(this.constructFrame(key));
-
-    this.rafIds.set(key, rafId);
-  }
-
-  private cancelFrame(key: object) {
-    if (this.rafIds.has(key)) {
-      const rafId = this.rafIds.get(key)!;
-
-      cancelAnimationFrame(rafId);
-    }
-
-    this.rafIds.delete(key);
-  }
-
-  private onFrame(target: AnimationTarget, timestamp: number): boolean {
-    const shouldAbort = target.callback(timestamp);
-
-    return shouldAbort ?? false;
-  }
-}

packages/excalidraw/appState.ts

@@ -99,7 +99,6 @@ export const getDefaultAppState = (): Omit<
       open: false,
       panels: STATS_PANELS.generalStats | STATS_PANELS.elementProperties,
     },
-    startBoundElement: null,
     suggestedBinding: null,
     frameRendering: { enabled: true, clip: true, name: true, outline: true },
     frameToHighlight: null,
@@ -231,7 +230,6 @@ const APP_STATE_STORAGE_CONF = (<
   selectionElement: { browser: false, export: false, server: false },
   shouldCacheIgnoreZoom: { browser: true, export: false, server: false },
   stats: { browser: true, export: false, server: false },
-  startBoundElement: { browser: false, export: false, server: false },
   suggestedBinding: { browser: false, export: false, server: false },
   frameRendering: { browser: false, export: false, server: false },
   frameToHighlight: { browser: false, export: false, server: false },

packages/excalidraw/components/HintViewer.tsx

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ import { CANVAS_SEARCH_TAB, DEFAULT_SIDEBAR } from "@excalidraw/common";
 import {
   isFlowchartNodeElement,
   isImageElement,
-  isGridModeEnabled,
   isLinearElement,
   isLineElement,
   isTextBindableContainer,
@@ -17,6 +16,7 @@ import type { EditorInterface } from "@excalidraw/common";
 import { t } from "../i18n";
 import { getShortcutKey } from "../shortcut";
 import { isEraserActive } from "../appState";
+import { isGridModeEnabled } from "../snapping";
 
 import "./HintViewer.scss";
 

packages/excalidraw/components/LayerUI.tsx

@@ -650,8 +650,7 @@ const LayerUI = ({
 };
 
 const stripIrrelevantAppStateProps = (appState: AppState): UIAppState => {
-  const { startBoundElement, cursorButton, scrollX, scrollY, ...ret } =
-    appState;
+  const { cursorButton, scrollX, scrollY, ...ret } = appState;
   return ret;
 };
 

packages/excalidraw/components/LibraryMenuItems.tsx

@@ -199,6 +199,7 @@ export default function LibraryMenuItems({
             type: "everything",
             elements: item.elements,
             randomizeSeed: true,
+            preserveFrameChildrenOrder: true,
           }).duplicatedElements,
         };
       });

packages/excalidraw/components/SVGLayer.tsx

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { useEffect, useRef } from "react";
 
 import "./SVGLayer.scss";
 
-import type { Trail } from "../animated-trail";
+import type { Trail } from "../animatedTrail";
 
 type SVGLayerProps = {
   trails: Trail[];

packages/excalidraw/components/Stats/Dimension.tsx

@@ -206,7 +206,6 @@ const handleDimensionChange: DragInputCallbackType<
           scene.getElementsIncludingDeleted(),
           nextElementsInFrame,
           latestElement,
-          app,
         );
 
         scene.replaceAllElements(updatedElements);
@@ -302,7 +301,6 @@ const handleDragFinished: DragFinishedCallbackType = ({
       app.scene.getElementsIncludingDeleted(),
       nextElementsInFrame,
       latestElement,
-      app,
     );
 
     app.scene.replaceAllElements(updatedElements);

packages/excalidraw/components/Stats/MultiDimension.tsx

@@ -261,7 +261,6 @@ const handleDimensionChange: DragInputCallbackType<
               scene.getElementsIncludingDeleted(),
               nextElementsInFrame,
               latestElement,
-              app,
             );
 
             scene.replaceAllElements(updatedElements);
@@ -416,7 +415,6 @@ const handleDragFinished: DragFinishedCallbackType = ({
       app.scene.getElementsIncludingDeleted(),
       nextElementsInFrame,
       latestElement,
-      app,
     );
 
     app.scene.replaceAllElements(updatedElements);

packages/excalidraw/components/Stats/index.tsx

@@ -12,11 +12,10 @@ import { frameAndChildrenSelectedTogether } from "@excalidraw/element";
 
 import { elementsAreInSameGroup } from "@excalidraw/element";
 
-import { isGridModeEnabled } from "@excalidraw/element";
-
 import type { NonDeletedExcalidrawElement } from "@excalidraw/element/types";
 
 import { t } from "../../i18n";
+import { isGridModeEnabled } from "../../snapping";
 import { useExcalidrawAppState, useExcalidrawSetAppState } from "../App";
 import { Island } from "../Island";
 import { CloseIcon } from "../icons";

packages/excalidraw/components/canvases/InteractiveCanvas.tsx

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ type InteractiveCanvasProps = {
   visibleElements: readonly NonDeletedExcalidrawElement[];
   selectedElements: readonly NonDeletedExcalidrawElement[];
   allElementsMap: NonDeletedSceneElementsMap;
-  sceneNonce: number | undefined;
+  canvasNonce: string;
   selectionNonce: number | undefined;
   scale: number;
   appState: InteractiveCanvasAppState;
@@ -279,10 +279,10 @@ const areEqual = (
   // This could be further optimised if needed, as we don't have to render interactive canvas on each scene mutation
   if (
     prevProps.selectionNonce !== nextProps.selectionNonce ||
-    prevProps.sceneNonce !== nextProps.sceneNonce ||
+    prevProps.canvasNonce !== nextProps.canvasNonce ||
     prevProps.scale !== nextProps.scale ||
     // we need to memoize on elementsMap because they may have renewed
-    // even if sceneNonce didn't change (e.g. we filter elements out based
+    // even if canvasNonce didn't change (e.g. we filter elements out based
     // on appState)
     prevProps.elementsMap !== nextProps.elementsMap ||
     prevProps.visibleElements !== nextProps.visibleElements ||

packages/excalidraw/components/canvases/NewElementCanvas.tsx

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import type { RoughCanvas } from "roughjs/bin/canvas";
 
 interface NewElementCanvasProps {
   appState: AppState;
+  newElement: NonNullable<AppState["newElement"]>;
   elementsMap: RenderableElementsMap;
   allElementsMap: NonDeletedSceneElementsMap;
   scale: number;
@@ -31,7 +32,7 @@ const NewElementCanvas = (props: NewElementCanvasProps) => {
       {
         canvas: canvasRef.current,
         scale: props.scale,
-        newElement: props.appState.newElement,
+        newElement: props.newElement,
         elementsMap: props.elementsMap,
         allElementsMap: props.allElementsMap,
         rc: props.rc,

packages/excalidraw/components/canvases/StaticCanvas.tsx

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ type StaticCanvasProps = {
   elementsMap: RenderableElementsMap;
   allElementsMap: NonDeletedSceneElementsMap;
   visibleElements: readonly NonDeletedExcalidrawElement[];
-  sceneNonce: number | undefined;
+  canvasNonce: string;
   selectionNonce: number | undefined;
   scale: number;
   appState: StaticCanvasAppState;
@@ -110,10 +110,10 @@ const areEqual = (
   nextProps: StaticCanvasProps,
 ) => {
   if (
-    prevProps.sceneNonce !== nextProps.sceneNonce ||
+    prevProps.canvasNonce !== nextProps.canvasNonce ||
     prevProps.scale !== nextProps.scale ||
     // we need to memoize on elementsMap because they may have renewed
-    // even if sceneNonce didn't change (e.g. we filter elements out based
+    // even if canvasNonce didn't change (e.g. we filter elements out based
     // on appState)
     prevProps.elementsMap !== nextProps.elementsMap ||
     prevProps.visibleElements !== nextProps.visibleElements

packages/excalidraw/components/shapes.tsx

@@ -119,15 +119,12 @@ export const SHAPES = [
 export const getToolbarTools = (app: AppClassProperties) => {
   return app.state.preferredSelectionTool.type === "lasso"
     ? ([
+        SHAPES[0],
         {
+          ...SHAPES[1],
           value: "lasso",
-          icon: SelectionIcon,
-          key: KEYS.V,
-          numericKey: KEYS["1"],
-          fillable: true,
-          toolbar: true,
         },
-        ...SHAPES.slice(1),
+        ...SHAPES.slice(2),
       ] as const)
     : SHAPES;
 };

packages/excalidraw/css/styles.scss

@@ -814,6 +814,14 @@ body.excalidraw-cursor-resize * {
   .excalidraw__embeddable__outer {
     width: 100%;
     height: 100%;
+  }
+
+  .excalidraw__embeddable__content {
+    width: 100%;
+    height: 100%;
+    transform-origin: top left;
+
+    &,
     & > * {
       border-radius: var(--embeddable-radius);
     }

packages/excalidraw/data/blob.ts

@@ -311,6 +311,48 @@ export const dataURLToString = (dataURL: DataURL) => {
   return base64ToString(dataURL.slice(dataURL.indexOf(",") + 1));
 };
 
+const getImageFileDimensions = async (file: File) => {
+  const browserURL = typeof window !== "undefined" ? window.URL : undefined;
+  let objectURL: string | null = null;
+  let imageSource: string;
+
+  try {
+    imageSource = browserURL?.createObjectURL
+      ? (objectURL = browserURL.createObjectURL(file))
+      : await getDataURL(file);
+  } catch {
+    objectURL = null;
+    imageSource = await getDataURL(file);
+  }
+
+  return new Promise<{ width: number; height: number }>((resolve, reject) => {
+    const image = new Image();
+
+    const cleanup = () => {
+      image.onload = null;
+      image.onerror = null;
+
+      if (objectURL && browserURL?.revokeObjectURL) {
+        browserURL.revokeObjectURL(objectURL);
+      }
+    };
+
+    image.onload = () => {
+      cleanup();
+      resolve({
+        width: image.naturalWidth || image.width,
+        height: image.naturalHeight || image.height,
+      });
+    };
+    image.onerror = (error) => {
+      cleanup();
+      reject(error);
+    };
+
+    image.src = imageSource;
+  });
+};
+
 export const resizeImageFile = async (
   file: File,
   opts: {
@@ -324,6 +366,20 @@ export const resizeImageFile = async (
     return file;
   }
 
+  if (!isSupportedImageFile(file)) {
+    throw new Error("Error: unsupported file type", { cause: "UNSUPPORTED" });
+  }
+
+  if (!opts.outputType || opts.outputType === file.type) {
+    const dimensions = await getImageFileDimensions(file);
+
+    if (
+      Math.max(dimensions.width, dimensions.height) <= opts.maxWidthOrHeight
+    ) {
+      return file;
+    }
+  }
+
   const [pica, imageBlobReduce] = await Promise.all([
     import("pica").then((res) => res.default),
     // a wrapper for pica for better API
@@ -347,10 +403,6 @@ export const resizeImageFile = async (
     };
   }
 
-  if (!isSupportedImageFile(file)) {
-    throw new Error("Error: unsupported file type", { cause: "UNSUPPORTED" });
-  }
-
   return new File(
     [await reduce.toBlob(file, { max: opts.maxWidthOrHeight, alpha: true })],
     file.name,

packages/excalidraw/data/restore.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { isFiniteNumber, pointFrom } from "@excalidraw/math";
+import { isFiniteNumber, isValidPoint, pointFrom } from "@excalidraw/math";
 
 import {
   type CombineBrandsIfNeeded,
@@ -98,6 +98,67 @@ type RestoredAppState = Omit<
 
 const MAX_ARROW_PX = 75_000;
 
+const restoreLinearElementPoints = (
+  points: unknown,
+  width: unknown,
+  height: unknown,
+): LocalPoint[] => {
+  const restoredPoints = Array.isArray(points)
+    ? points.reduce<LocalPoint[]>((acc, point) => {
+        if (isValidPoint(point)) {
+          acc.push(pointFrom<LocalPoint>(point[0], point[1]));
+        }
+        return acc;
+      }, [])
+    : [];
+
+  return restoredPoints.length < 2
+    ? [
+        pointFrom<LocalPoint>(0, 0),
+        pointFrom<LocalPoint>(
+          isFiniteNumber(width) ? width : 0,
+          isFiniteNumber(height) ? height : 0,
+        ),
+      ]
+    : restoredPoints;
+};
+
+const restoreFreedrawPoints = (
+  points: unknown,
+  pressures: unknown,
+): {
+  points: LocalPoint[];
+  pressures: number[];
+} => {
+  if (!Array.isArray(points)) {
+    return {
+      points: [],
+      pressures: [],
+    };
+  }
+
+  const pressureValues: readonly unknown[] = Array.isArray(pressures)
+    ? pressures
+    : [];
+  const restoredPoints: LocalPoint[] = [];
+  const restoredPressures: number[] = [];
+
+  points.forEach((point, index) => {
+    if (isValidPoint(point)) {
+      restoredPoints.push(pointFrom<LocalPoint>(point[0], point[1]));
+      if (index in pressureValues) {
+        const pressure = pressureValues[index];
+        restoredPressures.push(isFiniteNumber(pressure) ? pressure : 0.5);
+      }
+    }
+  });
+
+  return {
+    points: restoredPoints,
+    pressures: restoredPressures,
+  };
+};
+
 export const AllowedExcalidrawActiveTools: Record<
   AppState["activeTool"]["type"],
   boolean
@@ -414,10 +475,15 @@ export const restoreElement = (
 
       return element;
     case "freedraw": {
+      const { points, pressures } = restoreFreedrawPoints(
+        element.points,
+        element.pressures,
+      );
+
       return restoreElementWithProperties(element, {
-        points: element.points,
+        points,
         simulatePressure: element.simulatePressure,
-        pressures: element.pressures,
+        pressures,
       });
     }
     case "image":
@@ -435,14 +501,20 @@ export const restoreElement = (
       const endArrowhead = normalizeArrowhead(element.endArrowhead);
       let x = element.x;
       let y = element.y;
-      let points = // migrate old arrow model to new one
-        !Array.isArray(element.points) || element.points.length < 2
-          ? [pointFrom(0, 0), pointFrom(element.width, element.height)]
-          : element.points;
+      let points = restoreLinearElementPoints(
+        element.points,
+        element.width,
+        element.height,
+      );
 
       if (points[0][0] !== 0 || points[0][1] !== 0) {
         ({ points, x, y } =
-          LinearElementEditor.getNormalizeElementPointsAndCoords(element));
+          LinearElementEditor.getNormalizeElementPointsAndCoords({
+            ...element,
+            points,
+            x: x ?? 0,
+            y: y ?? 0,
+          } as ExcalidrawLinearElement));
       }
 
       return restoreElementWithProperties(element, {
@@ -456,7 +528,7 @@ export const restoreElement = (
         y,
         ...(isLineElement(element)
           ? {
-              polygon: isValidPolygon(element.points)
+              polygon: isValidPolygon(points)
                 ? element.polygon ?? false
                 : false,
             }
@@ -471,22 +543,29 @@ export const restoreElement = (
           : normalizeArrowhead(element.endArrowhead);
       const x = element.x as number | undefined;
       const y = element.y as number | undefined;
-      const points: readonly LocalPoint[] | undefined = // migrate old arrow model to new one
-        !Array.isArray(element.points) || element.points.length < 2
-          ? [pointFrom(0, 0), pointFrom(element.width, element.height)]
-          : element.points;
+      const points = restoreLinearElementPoints(
+        element.points,
+        element.width,
+        element.height,
+      );
+      const elementWithRestoredPoints = {
+        ...element,
+        points,
+        x: x ?? 0,
+        y: y ?? 0,
+      } as ExcalidrawArrowElement;
 
       const base = {
         type: element.type,
         startBinding: repairBinding(
-          element as ExcalidrawArrowElement,
+          elementWithRestoredPoints,
           element.startBinding,
           targetElementsMap,
           existingElementsMap,
           "start",
         ),
         endBinding: repairBinding(
-          element as ExcalidrawArrowElement,
+          elementWithRestoredPoints,
           element.endBinding,
           targetElementsMap,
           existingElementsMap,

packages/excalidraw/eraser/index.ts

@@ -33,9 +33,7 @@ import type { Bounds } from "@excalidraw/common";
 import type { GlobalPoint, LineSegment } from "@excalidraw/math/types";
 import type { ElementsMap, ExcalidrawElement } from "@excalidraw/element/types";
 
-import { AnimatedTrail } from "../animated-trail";
-
-import type { AnimationFrameHandler } from "../animation-frame-handler";
+import { AnimatedTrail } from "../animatedTrail";
 
 import type App from "../components/App";
 
@@ -43,8 +41,8 @@ export class EraserTrail extends AnimatedTrail {
   private elementsToErase: Set<ExcalidrawElement["id"]> = new Set();
   private groupsToErase: Set<ExcalidrawElement["id"]> = new Set();
 
-  constructor(animationFrameHandler: AnimationFrameHandler, app: App) {
-    super(animationFrameHandler, app, {
+  constructor(app: App) {
+    super(app, {
       streamline: 0.2,
       size: 5,
       keepHead: true,

packages/excalidraw/index.tsx

@@ -6,7 +6,11 @@ import React, {
   useState,
 } from "react";
 
-import { DEFAULT_UI_OPTIONS, isShallowEqual } from "@excalidraw/common";
+import {
+  DEFAULT_IMAGE_OPTIONS,
+  DEFAULT_UI_OPTIONS,
+  isShallowEqual,
+} from "@excalidraw/common";
 
 import App, {
   ExcalidrawAPIContext,
@@ -98,6 +102,7 @@ const ExcalidrawBase = (props: ExcalidrawProps) => {
     aiEnabled,
     showDeprecatedFonts,
     renderScrollbars,
+    imageOptions,
   } = props;
 
   const canvasActions = props.UIOptions?.canvasActions;
@@ -128,6 +133,13 @@ const ExcalidrawBase = (props: ExcalidrawProps) => {
     UIOptions.canvasActions.toggleTheme = true;
   }
 
+  const normalizedImageOptions: AppProps["imageOptions"] = {
+    maxFileSizeBytes:
+      imageOptions?.maxFileSizeBytes ?? DEFAULT_IMAGE_OPTIONS.maxFileSizeBytes,
+    maxWidthOrHeight:
+      imageOptions?.maxWidthOrHeight ?? DEFAULT_IMAGE_OPTIONS.maxWidthOrHeight,
+  };
+
   const setExcalidrawAPI = useContext(ExcalidrawAPISetContext);
 
   const onExcalidrawAPIRef = useRef(onExcalidrawAPI);
@@ -208,6 +220,7 @@ const ExcalidrawBase = (props: ExcalidrawProps) => {
           aiEnabled={aiEnabled !== false}
           showDeprecatedFonts={showDeprecatedFonts}
           renderScrollbars={renderScrollbars}
+          imageOptions={normalizedImageOptions}
         >
           {children}
         </App>
@@ -225,11 +238,13 @@ const areEqual = (prevProps: ExcalidrawProps, nextProps: ExcalidrawProps) => {
   const {
     initialData: prevInitialData,
     UIOptions: prevUIOptions = {},
+    imageOptions: prevImageOptions,
     ...prev
   } = prevProps;
   const {
     initialData: nextInitialData,
     UIOptions: nextUIOptions = {},
+    imageOptions: nextImageOptions,
     ...next
   } = nextProps;
 
@@ -273,7 +288,17 @@ const areEqual = (prevProps: ExcalidrawProps, nextProps: ExcalidrawProps) => {
     return prevUIOptions[key] === nextUIOptions[key];
   });
 
-  return isUIOptionsSame && isShallowEqual(prev, next);
+  const isImageOptionsSame =
+    (prevImageOptions?.maxWidthOrHeight ??
+      DEFAULT_IMAGE_OPTIONS.maxWidthOrHeight) ===
+      (nextImageOptions?.maxWidthOrHeight ??
+        DEFAULT_IMAGE_OPTIONS.maxWidthOrHeight) &&
+    (prevImageOptions?.maxFileSizeBytes ??
+      DEFAULT_IMAGE_OPTIONS.maxFileSizeBytes) ===
+      (nextImageOptions?.maxFileSizeBytes ??
+        DEFAULT_IMAGE_OPTIONS.maxFileSizeBytes);
+
+  return isUIOptionsSame && isImageOptionsSame && isShallowEqual(prev, next);
 };
 
 export const Excalidraw = React.memo(ExcalidrawBase, areEqual);

packages/excalidraw/laserTrails.ts

@@ -2,27 +2,20 @@ import { DEFAULT_LASER_COLOR, easeOut } from "@excalidraw/common";
 
 import type { LaserPointerOptions } from "@excalidraw/laser-pointer";
 
-import { AnimatedTrail } from "./animated-trail";
+import { AnimatedTrail } from "./animatedTrail";
 import { getClientColor } from "./clients";
 
-import type { Trail } from "./animated-trail";
-import type { AnimationFrameHandler } from "./animation-frame-handler";
+import type { Trail } from "./animatedTrail";
 import type App from "./components/App";
 import type { SocketId } from "./types";
 
 export class LaserTrails implements Trail {
   public localTrail: AnimatedTrail;
   private collabTrails = new Map<SocketId, AnimatedTrail>();
-
   private container?: SVGSVGElement;
 
-  constructor(
-    private animationFrameHandler: AnimationFrameHandler,
-    private app: App,
-  ) {
-    this.animationFrameHandler.register(this, this.onFrame.bind(this));
-
-    this.localTrail = new AnimatedTrail(animationFrameHandler, app, {
+  constructor(private app: App) {
+    this.localTrail = new AnimatedTrail(app, {
       ...this.getTrailOptions(),
       fill: () => DEFAULT_LASER_COLOR,
     });
@@ -63,30 +56,45 @@ export class LaserTrails implements Trail {
 
   start(container: SVGSVGElement) {
     this.container = container;
-
-    this.animationFrameHandler.start(this);
     this.localTrail.start(container);
   }
 
   stop() {
-    this.animationFrameHandler.stop(this);
     this.localTrail.stop();
+    this.stopCollabTrails();
+    this.container = undefined;
   }
 
-  onFrame() {
-    this.updateCollabTrails();
+  private stopCollabTrails(collaborators?: App["state"]["collaborators"]) {
+    for (const [key, trail] of this.collabTrails) {
+      const collaborator = collaborators?.get(key);
+
+      if (!collaborator) {
+        trail.stop();
+        this.collabTrails.delete(key);
+      }
+    }
   }
 
-  private updateCollabTrails() {
-    if (!this.container || this.app.state.collaborators.size === 0) {
+  updateCollabTrails(collaborators: App["state"]["collaborators"]) {
+    this.stopCollabTrails(collaborators);
+
+    if (!this.container || collaborators.size === 0) {
       return;
     }
 
-    for (const [key, collaborator] of this.app.state.collaborators.entries()) {
-      let trail!: AnimatedTrail;
+    for (const [key, collaborator] of collaborators.entries()) {
+      // Current user has their own trail drawn via localTrail
+      if (collaborator.isCurrentUser) {
+        continue;
+      }
 
-      if (!this.collabTrails.has(key)) {
-        trail = new AnimatedTrail(this.animationFrameHandler, this.app, {
+      // IDEA: Use the collaborator pointer coordinates to trace out the
+      // laser pointer trail when 1) the selected collab tool is the laser
+      // pointer and 2) the collab pointer button is in the "down" state.
+      let trail = this.collabTrails.get(key);
+      if (!trail) {
+        trail = new AnimatedTrail(this.app, {
           ...this.getTrailOptions(),
           fill: () =>
             collaborator.pointer?.laserColor ||
@@ -95,36 +103,33 @@ export class LaserTrails implements Trail {
         trail.start(this.container);
 
         this.collabTrails.set(key, trail);
-      } else {
-        trail = this.collabTrails.get(key)!;
       }
 
       if (collaborator.pointer && collaborator.pointer.tool === "laser") {
-        if (collaborator.button === "down" && !trail.hasCurrentTrail) {
+        const buttonDown = collaborator.button === "down";
+        const buttonUp = collaborator.button === "up";
+        const hasTrail = trail.hasCurrentTrail;
+
+        // Initialize a new trail
+        if (buttonDown && !hasTrail) {
           trail.startPath(collaborator.pointer.x, collaborator.pointer.y);
         }
 
-        if (
-          collaborator.button === "down" &&
-          trail.hasCurrentTrail &&
-          !trail.hasLastPoint(collaborator.pointer.x, collaborator.pointer.y)
-        ) {
+        // Add only original points
+        const lastPointOriginal = !trail.hasLastPoint(
+          collaborator.pointer.x,
+          collaborator.pointer.y,
+        );
+        if (buttonDown && lastPointOriginal) {
           trail.addPointToPath(collaborator.pointer.x, collaborator.pointer.y);
         }
 
-        if (collaborator.button === "up" && trail.hasCurrentTrail) {
+        // End the trail on button up
+        if (buttonUp && hasTrail) {
           trail.addPointToPath(collaborator.pointer.x, collaborator.pointer.y);
           trail.endPath();
         }
       }
     }
-
-    for (const key of this.collabTrails.keys()) {
-      if (!this.app.state.collaborators.has(key)) {
-        const trail = this.collabTrails.get(key)!;
-        trail.stop();
-        this.collabTrails.delete(key);
-      }
-    }
   }
 }

packages/excalidraw/lasso/index.ts

@@ -25,9 +25,7 @@ import type {
   NonDeleted,
 } from "@excalidraw/element/types";
 
-import { type AnimationFrameHandler } from "../animation-frame-handler";
-
-import { AnimatedTrail } from "../animated-trail";
+import { AnimatedTrail } from "../animatedTrail";
 
 import { getLassoSelectedElementIds } from "./utils";
 
@@ -47,8 +45,8 @@ export class LassoTrail extends AnimatedTrail {
   private canvasTranslate: CanvasTranslate | null = null;
   private keepPreviousSelection: boolean = false;
 
-  constructor(animationFrameHandler: AnimationFrameHandler, app: App) {
-    super(animationFrameHandler, app, {
+  constructor(app: App) {
+    super(app, {
       animateTrail: true,
       streamline: 0.4,
       sizeMapping: (c) => {

packages/excalidraw/package.json

@@ -95,7 +95,6 @@
     "clsx": "1.1.1",
     "cross-env": "7.0.3",
     "es6-promise-pool": "2.5.0",
-    "fractional-indexing": "3.2.0",
     "fuzzy": "0.1.3",
     "image-blob-reduce": "3.0.1",
     "jotai": "2.11.0",

packages/excalidraw/polyfill.ts

@@ -23,6 +23,94 @@ const polyfill = () => {
     });
   }
 
+  if (!Array.prototype.findLast) {
+    Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype, "findLast", {
+      value: function <T>(
+        this: T[],
+        predicate: (value: T, index: number, array: T[]) => unknown,
+        thisArg?: unknown,
+      ) {
+        return this
+          .slice()
+          .reverse()
+          .find((value, index) =>
+            predicate.call(thisArg, value, this.length - index - 1, this),
+          );
+      },
+      writable: true,
+      enumerable: false,
+      configurable: true,
+    });
+  }
+
+  if (!Array.prototype.findIndex) {
+    Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype, "findIndex", {
+      value: function <T>(
+        this: T[],
+        predicate: (value: T, index: number, array: T[]) => unknown,
+        thisArg?: unknown,
+      ) {
+        for (let index = 0; index < this.length; index++) {
+          if (predicate.call(thisArg, this[index], index, this)) {
+            return index;
+          }
+        }
+
+        return -1;
+      },
+      writable: true,
+      enumerable: false,
+      configurable: true,
+    });
+  }
+
+  if (!Array.prototype.findLastIndex) {
+    Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype, "findLastIndex", {
+      value: function <T>(
+        this: T[],
+        predicate: (value: T, index: number, array: T[]) => unknown,
+        thisArg?: unknown,
+      ) {
+        const index = this
+          .slice()
+          .reverse()
+          .findIndex((value, index) =>
+            predicate.call(thisArg, value, this.length - index - 1, this),
+          );
+
+        return index === -1 ? -1 : this.length - index - 1;
+      },
+      writable: true,
+      enumerable: false,
+      configurable: true,
+    });
+  }
+
+  if (!Array.prototype.toReversed) {
+    Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype, "toReversed", {
+      value: function <T>(this: T[]) {
+        return this.slice().reverse();
+      },
+      writable: true,
+      enumerable: false,
+      configurable: true,
+    });
+  }
+
+  if (!Array.prototype.toSorted) {
+    Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype, "toSorted", {
+      value: function <T>(
+        this: T[],
+        compareFn?: (a: T, b: T) => number,
+      ) {
+        return this.slice().sort(compareFn);
+      },
+      writable: true,
+      enumerable: false,
+      configurable: true,
+    });
+  }
+
   if (!Element.prototype.replaceChildren) {
     Element.prototype.replaceChildren = function (...nodes) {
       this.innerHTML = "";

packages/excalidraw/renderer/animation.ts

@@ -6,7 +6,10 @@ export type Animation<R extends object> = (params: {
 }) => R | null | undefined;
 
 export class AnimationController {
-  private static isRunning = false;
+  private static scheduledFrame:
+    | { id: ReturnType<typeof requestAnimationFrame>; type: "raf" }
+    | { id: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout>; type: "timeout" }
+    | null = null;
   private static animations = new Map<
     string,
     {
@@ -17,6 +20,10 @@ export class AnimationController {
   >();
 
   static start<R extends object>(key: string, animation: Animation<R>) {
+    if (AnimationController.animations.has(key)) {
+      return;
+    }
+
     const initialState = animation({
       deltaTime: 0,
       state: undefined,
@@ -29,19 +36,54 @@ export class AnimationController {
         state: initialState,
       });
 
-      if (!AnimationController.isRunning) {
-        AnimationController.isRunning = true;
-
-        if (isRenderThrottlingEnabled()) {
-          requestAnimationFrame(AnimationController.tick);
-        } else {
-          setTimeout(AnimationController.tick, 0);
-        }
-      }
+      AnimationController.scheduleNextFrame();
     }
   }
 
+  private static scheduleNextFrame() {
+    if (AnimationController.scheduledFrame) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (isRenderThrottlingEnabled()) {
+      AnimationController.scheduledFrame = {
+        id: requestAnimationFrame(AnimationController.tick),
+        type: "raf",
+      };
+    } else {
+      AnimationController.scheduledFrame = {
+        id: setTimeout(AnimationController.tick, 0),
+        type: "timeout",
+      };
+    }
+  }
+
+  private static cancelScheduledFrame() {
+    if (!AnimationController.scheduledFrame) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (AnimationController.scheduledFrame.type === "raf") {
+      cancelAnimationFrame(AnimationController.scheduledFrame.id);
+    } else {
+      clearTimeout(AnimationController.scheduledFrame.id);
+    }
+
+    AnimationController.scheduledFrame = null;
+  }
+
+  private static cancelScheduledFrameIfIdle() {
+    if (AnimationController.animations.size > 0) {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    AnimationController.cancelScheduledFrame();
+    return true;
+  }
+
   private static tick() {
+    AnimationController.scheduledFrame = null;
+
     if (AnimationController.animations.size > 0) {
       for (const [key, animation] of AnimationController.animations) {
         const now = performance.now();
@@ -56,8 +98,7 @@ export class AnimationController {
         if (!state) {
           AnimationController.animations.delete(key);
 
-          if (AnimationController.animations.size === 0) {
-            AnimationController.isRunning = false;
+          if (AnimationController.cancelScheduledFrameIfIdle()) {
             return;
           }
         } else {
@@ -66,11 +107,11 @@ export class AnimationController {
         }
       }
 
-      if (isRenderThrottlingEnabled()) {
-        requestAnimationFrame(AnimationController.tick);
-      } else {
-        setTimeout(AnimationController.tick, 0);
+      if (AnimationController.cancelScheduledFrameIfIdle()) {
+        return;
       }
+
+      AnimationController.scheduleNextFrame();
     }
   }
 
@@ -80,5 +121,6 @@ export class AnimationController {
 
   static cancel(key: string) {
     AnimationController.animations.delete(key);
+    AnimationController.cancelScheduledFrameIfIdle();
   }
 }

packages/excalidraw/renderer/interactiveScene.ts

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import {
   type Radians,
   bezierEquation,
   pointRotateRads,
-  pointDistance,
 } from "@excalidraw/math";
 
 import {
@@ -24,13 +23,12 @@ import {
   deconstructDiamondElement,
   deconstructRectanguloidElement,
   elementCenterPoint,
-  getDiamondBaseCorners,
+  getAllMidpoints,
   FOCUS_POINT_SIZE,
   getOmitSidesForEditorInterface,
   getTransformHandles,
   getTransformHandlesFromCoords,
   hasBoundingBox,
-  hitElementItself,
   isArrowElement,
   isBindableElement,
   isElbowArrow,
@@ -38,7 +36,6 @@ import {
   isImageElement,
   isLinearElement,
   isLineElement,
-  maxBindingDistance_simple,
   isTextElement,
   LinearElementEditor,
   getActiveTextElement,
@@ -413,145 +410,42 @@ const renderBindingHighlightForBindableElement_simple = (
       break;
   }
 
+  // Draw midpoint indicators
   if (
     appState.isMidpointSnappingEnabled &&
     (isFrameLikeElement(suggestedBinding.element) ||
       isBindableElement(suggestedBinding.element))
   ) {
-    // Draw midpoint indicators
-    const linearElement = appState.selectedLinearElement;
-    const arrow =
-      linearElement?.elementId &&
-      LinearElementEditor.getElement(linearElement?.elementId, elementsMap);
-    const cursorIsInsideBindable =
-      pointerCoords &&
-      hitElementItself({
-        point: pointerCoords,
-        element: suggestedBinding.element,
-        elementsMap,
-        threshold: 0,
-        overrideShouldTestInside: true,
-      });
+    context.save();
 
-    const isElbow =
-      (arrow && isElbowArrow(arrow)) ||
-      (appState.activeTool.type === "arrow" &&
-        appState.currentItemArrowType === "elbow");
+    const midpointRadius = 4 / appState.zoom.value;
 
-    if (!cursorIsInsideBindable || isElbow) {
-      context.save();
-
-      const center = elementCenterPoint(suggestedBinding.element, elementsMap);
-
-      let midpoints: GlobalPoint[];
-      if (suggestedBinding.element.type === "diamond") {
-        const center = elementCenterPoint(
-          suggestedBinding.element,
-          elementsMap,
-        );
-        midpoints = getDiamondBaseCorners(suggestedBinding.element).map(
-          (curve) => {
-            const point = bezierEquation(curve, 0.5);
-            const rotatedPoint = pointRotateRads(
-              point,
-              center,
-              suggestedBinding.element.angle,
-            );
-
-            return pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(rotatedPoint[0], rotatedPoint[1]);
-          },
-        );
-      } else {
-        const basePoints = [
-          {
-            x: suggestedBinding.element.width,
-            y: suggestedBinding.element.height / 2,
-          }, // RIGHT
-          {
-            x: suggestedBinding.element.width / 2,
-            y: suggestedBinding.element.height,
-          }, // BOTTOM
-          { x: 0, y: suggestedBinding.element.height / 2 }, // LEFT
-          { x: suggestedBinding.element.width / 2, y: 0 }, // TOP
-        ];
-        midpoints = basePoints.map((point) => {
-          const globalPoint = pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(
-            point.x + suggestedBinding.element.x,
-            point.y + suggestedBinding.element.y,
-          );
-          const rotatedPoint = pointRotateRads(
-            globalPoint,
-            center,
-            suggestedBinding.element.angle,
-          );
-          return pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(rotatedPoint[0], rotatedPoint[1]);
-        });
-      }
-
-      const hoveredMidpoint =
-        pointerCoords &&
-        midpoints.reduce(
-          (
-            closestIdx: {
-              idx: number;
-              distance: number;
-            },
-            point,
-            idx,
-          ) => {
-            const distance = pointDistance(point, pointerCoords);
-            if (idx === -1 || distance < closestIdx.distance) {
-              return { idx, distance };
-            }
-            return closestIdx;
-          },
-          {
-            idx: -1,
-            distance: Infinity,
-          },
-        );
-
-      const midpointRadius = 4 / appState.zoom.value;
-      const highlightThreshold =
-        maxBindingDistance_simple(appState.zoom) +
-        suggestedBinding.element.strokeWidth / 2;
-
-      midpoints.forEach((midpoint, idx) => {
-        const isHighlighted =
-          (!cursorIsInsideBindable || isElbow) &&
-          hoveredMidpoint?.idx === idx &&
-          hoveredMidpoint.distance <= highlightThreshold;
-
-        // also render midpoint if cursor close but not highlighted
-        // (for elbows, always show all points)
-        const isShown =
-          !isHighlighted &&
-          (isElbow ||
-            (idx === hoveredMidpoint?.idx &&
-              hoveredMidpoint.distance <= highlightThreshold * 2));
-
-        if (isHighlighted) {
-          context.fillStyle =
-            appState.theme === THEME.DARK
-              ? `rgba(3, 93, 161, 1)`
-              : `rgba(106, 189, 252, 1)`;
-
-          context.beginPath();
-          context.arc(midpoint[0], midpoint[1], midpointRadius, 0, 2 * Math.PI);
-          context.fill();
-        } else if (isShown) {
-          context.fillStyle =
-            appState.theme === THEME.DARK
-              ? `rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8)`
-              : `rgba(65, 65, 65, 0.5)`;
-          context.beginPath();
-          context.arc(midpoint[0], midpoint[1], midpointRadius, 0, 2 * Math.PI);
-          context.fill();
-        }
-      });
-
-      context.restore();
+    // Render base midpoints
+    const midpoints = getAllMidpoints(suggestedBinding.element, elementsMap);
+    for (const midpoint of midpoints) {
+      context.fillStyle =
+        appState.theme === THEME.DARK
+          ? `rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8)`
+          : `rgba(65, 65, 65, 0.5)`;
+      context.beginPath();
+      context.arc(midpoint[0], midpoint[1], midpointRadius, 0, 2 * Math.PI);
+      context.fill();
     }
+
+    // Render the highlighted midpoint if any
+    const midpoint = appState.suggestedBinding?.midPoint;
+    if (midpoint) {
+      context.fillStyle =
+        appState.theme === THEME.DARK
+          ? `rgba(3, 93, 161, 1)`
+          : `rgba(106, 189, 252, 1)`;
+
+      context.beginPath();
+      context.arc(midpoint[0], midpoint[1], midpointRadius, 0, 2 * Math.PI);
+      context.fill();
+    }
+
+    context.restore();
   }
 };
 

packages/excalidraw/renderer/renderSnaps.ts

@@ -2,8 +2,7 @@ import { pointFrom, type GlobalPoint, type LocalPoint } from "@excalidraw/math";
 
 import { THEME } from "@excalidraw/common";
 
-import type { PointSnapLine, PointerSnapLine } from "@excalidraw/element";
-
+import type { PointSnapLine, PointerSnapLine } from "../snapping";
 import type { InteractiveCanvasAppState } from "../types";
 
 const SNAP_COLOR_LIGHT = "#ff6b6b";

packages/excalidraw/scene/Renderer.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,15 @@
-import { isElementInViewport } from "@excalidraw/element";
+import {
+  getCommonFrameId,
+  getFrameChildrenInsertionIndex,
+  isElementInViewport,
+} from "@excalidraw/element";
 
-import { memoize, toBrandedType } from "@excalidraw/common";
+import { arrayToMap, memoize, toBrandedType } from "@excalidraw/common";
 
 import type {
   ExcalidrawElement,
+  ExcalidrawFrameLikeElement,
+  NonDeleted,
   NonDeletedElementsMap,
   NonDeletedExcalidrawElement,
 } from "@excalidraw/element/types";
@@ -16,6 +22,21 @@ import type { RenderableElementsMap } from "./types";
 
 import type { AppState } from "../types";
 
+type GetRenderableElementsOpts = {
+  zoom: AppState["zoom"];
+  offsetLeft: AppState["offsetLeft"];
+  offsetTop: AppState["offsetTop"];
+  scrollX: AppState["scrollX"];
+  scrollY: AppState["scrollY"];
+  height: AppState["height"];
+  width: AppState["width"];
+  editingTextElement: AppState["editingTextElement"];
+  newElement: AppState["newElement"];
+  selectedElements: readonly NonDeletedExcalidrawElement[];
+  selectedElementsAreBeingDragged: AppState["selectedElementsAreBeingDragged"];
+  frameToHighlight: AppState["frameToHighlight"];
+};
+
 export class Renderer {
   private scene: Scene;
 
@@ -23,9 +44,121 @@ export class Renderer {
     this.scene = scene;
   }
 
-  public getRenderableElements = (() => {
-    const getVisibleCanvasElements = ({
-      elementsMap,
+  private getVisibleCanvasElements({
+    elementsMap,
+    zoom,
+    offsetLeft,
+    offsetTop,
+    scrollX,
+    scrollY,
+    height,
+    width,
+  }: {
+    elementsMap: NonDeletedElementsMap;
+    zoom: AppState["zoom"];
+    offsetLeft: AppState["offsetLeft"];
+    offsetTop: AppState["offsetTop"];
+    scrollX: AppState["scrollX"];
+    scrollY: AppState["scrollY"];
+    height: AppState["height"];
+    width: AppState["width"];
+  }): readonly NonDeletedExcalidrawElement[] {
+    const visibleElements: NonDeletedExcalidrawElement[] = [];
+    for (const element of elementsMap.values()) {
+      if (
+        isElementInViewport(
+          element,
+          width,
+          height,
+          {
+            zoom,
+            offsetLeft,
+            offsetTop,
+            scrollX,
+            scrollY,
+          },
+          elementsMap,
+        )
+      ) {
+        visibleElements.push(element);
+      }
+    }
+    return visibleElements;
+  }
+
+  private getRenderableElementsMap({
+    elements,
+    editingTextElement,
+    newElement,
+  }: {
+    elements: readonly NonDeletedExcalidrawElement[];
+    editingTextElement: AppState["editingTextElement"];
+    newElement: AppState["newElement"];
+  }) {
+    const elementsMap = toBrandedType<RenderableElementsMap>(new Map());
+    const newElementCanvasElement = newElement?.frameId ? null : newElement;
+
+    for (const element of elements) {
+      if (newElementCanvasElement?.id === element.id) {
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      // we don't want to render text element that's being currently edited
+      // (it's rendered on remote only)
+      if (
+        !editingTextElement ||
+        editingTextElement.type !== "text" ||
+        element.id !== editingTextElement.id
+      ) {
+        elementsMap.set(element.id, element);
+      }
+    }
+    return { elementsMap, newElementCanvasElement };
+  }
+
+  private sortSelectedElementsIntoHighlightedFrame<
+    T extends ExcalidrawElement,
+  >({
+    visibleElements,
+    selectedElements,
+    frameToHighlight,
+  }: {
+    selectedElements: readonly NonDeletedExcalidrawElement[];
+    visibleElements: readonly T[];
+    frameToHighlight: NonDeleted<ExcalidrawFrameLikeElement>;
+  }): readonly T[] {
+    if (!selectedElements.length) {
+      return visibleElements;
+    }
+
+    // we assume all selected elements are eligible frame children if
+    // frameToHighlight is defined
+    const selectedElementsMap = arrayToMap(selectedElements);
+
+    // thus, all deselected elements are the ones we won't reorder
+    const deselectedElements = visibleElements.filter(
+      (element) => !selectedElementsMap.has(element.id),
+    );
+
+    const insertionIndex = getFrameChildrenInsertionIndex(
+      deselectedElements,
+      frameToHighlight.id,
+    );
+
+    if (insertionIndex === null) {
+      return visibleElements;
+    }
+
+    return [
+      ...deselectedElements.slice(0, insertionIndex),
+      ...selectedElements,
+      ...deselectedElements.slice(insertionIndex),
+    ] as readonly T[];
+  }
+
+  private _getRenderableElements = memoize(
+    ({
+      canvasNonce,
       zoom,
       offsetLeft,
       offsetTop,
@@ -33,70 +166,27 @@ export class Renderer {
       scrollY,
       height,
       width,
-    }: {
-      elementsMap: NonDeletedElementsMap;
-      zoom: AppState["zoom"];
-      offsetLeft: AppState["offsetLeft"];
-      offsetTop: AppState["offsetTop"];
-      scrollX: AppState["scrollX"];
-      scrollY: AppState["scrollY"];
-      height: AppState["height"];
-      width: AppState["width"];
-    }): readonly NonDeletedExcalidrawElement[] => {
-      const visibleElements: NonDeletedExcalidrawElement[] = [];
-      for (const element of elementsMap.values()) {
-        if (
-          isElementInViewport(
-            element,
-            width,
-            height,
-            {
-              zoom,
-              offsetLeft,
-              offsetTop,
-              scrollX,
-              scrollY,
-            },
-            elementsMap,
-          )
-        ) {
-          visibleElements.push(element);
-        }
-      }
-      return visibleElements;
-    };
-
-    const getRenderableElements = ({
-      elements,
       editingTextElement,
-      newElementId,
-    }: {
-      elements: readonly NonDeletedExcalidrawElement[];
-      editingTextElement: AppState["editingTextElement"];
-      newElementId: ExcalidrawElement["id"] | undefined;
+      newElement,
+    }: Omit<
+      GetRenderableElementsOpts,
+      | "selectedElements"
+      | "selectedElementsAreBeingDragged"
+      | "frameToHighlight"
+    > & {
+      canvasNonce: string;
     }) => {
-      const elementsMap = toBrandedType<RenderableElementsMap>(new Map());
+      const elements = this.scene.getNonDeletedElements();
 
-      for (const element of elements) {
-        if (newElementId === element.id) {
-          continue;
-        }
+      const { elementsMap, newElementCanvasElement } =
+        this.getRenderableElementsMap({
+          elements,
+          editingTextElement,
+          newElement,
+        });
 
-        // we don't want to render text element that's being currently edited
-        // (it's rendered on remote only)
-        if (
-          !editingTextElement ||
-          editingTextElement.type !== "text" ||
-          element.id !== editingTextElement.id
-        ) {
-          elementsMap.set(element.id, element);
-        }
-      }
-      return elementsMap;
-    };
-
-    return memoize(
-      ({
+      const visibleElements = this.getVisibleCanvasElements({
+        elementsMap,
         zoom,
         offsetLeft,
         offsetTop,
@@ -104,52 +194,69 @@ export class Renderer {
         scrollY,
         height,
         width,
-        editingTextElement,
-        newElementId,
-        // cache-invalidation nonce
-        sceneNonce: _sceneNonce,
-      }: {
-        zoom: AppState["zoom"];
-        offsetLeft: AppState["offsetLeft"];
-        offsetTop: AppState["offsetTop"];
-        scrollX: AppState["scrollX"];
-        scrollY: AppState["scrollY"];
-        height: AppState["height"];
-        width: AppState["width"];
-        editingTextElement: AppState["editingTextElement"];
-        /** note: first render of newElement will always bust the cache
-         * (we'd have to prefilter elements outside of this function) */
-        newElementId: ExcalidrawElement["id"] | undefined;
-        sceneNonce: ReturnType<InstanceType<typeof Scene>["getSceneNonce"]>;
-      }) => {
-        const elements = this.scene.getNonDeletedElements();
+      });
 
-        const elementsMap = getRenderableElements({
-          elements,
-          editingTextElement,
-          newElementId,
+      return {
+        elementsMap,
+        visibleElements,
+        newElementCanvasElement,
+        canvasNonce,
+      };
+    },
+  );
+
+  public getRenderableElements = (opts: GetRenderableElementsOpts) => {
+    const { newElement } = opts;
+    const canvasNonce = `${this.scene.getSceneNonce()}${
+      newElement?.frameId ? `:${newElement.versionNonce}` : ""
+    }`;
+
+    const ret = this._getRenderableElements({
+      canvasNonce,
+
+      // don't spread `opts` because we don't want to memoize on some props
+
+      zoom: opts.zoom,
+      offsetLeft: opts.offsetLeft,
+      offsetTop: opts.offsetTop,
+      scrollX: opts.scrollX,
+      scrollY: opts.scrollY,
+      height: opts.height,
+      width: opts.width,
+      editingTextElement: opts.editingTextElement,
+      newElement: opts.newElement,
+    });
+
+    // if we're dragging elements over a frame, reorder the selected elements
+    // inside the frame during render (we don't set the `element.frameId` until
+    // pointerup else we'd have to painstainly restore the orig index if user
+    // didn't end up adding elements to the frame)
+    if (
+      opts.frameToHighlight &&
+      opts.selectedElementsAreBeingDragged &&
+      // if all dragged elements are already in the frame, don't reorder
+      getCommonFrameId(opts.selectedElements) !== opts.frameToHighlight.id
+    ) {
+      const reorderedVisibleElements =
+        this.sortSelectedElementsIntoHighlightedFrame({
+          visibleElements: ret.visibleElements,
+          selectedElements: opts.selectedElements,
+          frameToHighlight: opts.frameToHighlight,
         });
 
-        const visibleElements = getVisibleCanvasElements({
-          elementsMap,
-          zoom,
-          offsetLeft,
-          offsetTop,
-          scrollX,
-          scrollY,
-          height,
-          width,
-        });
+      return {
+        ...ret,
+        visibleElements: reorderedVisibleElements,
+      };
+    }
 
-        return { elementsMap, visibleElements };
-      },
-    );
-  })();
+    return ret;
+  };
 
   // NOTE Doesn't destroy everything (scene, rc, etc.) because it may not be
   // safe to break TS contract here (for upstream cases)
   public destroy() {
     renderStaticSceneThrottled.cancel();
-    this.getRenderableElements.clear();
+    this._getRenderableElements.clear();
   }
 }

packages/excalidraw/snapping.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,4 @@
 import {
-  isCloseTo,
-  line,
-  linesIntersectAt,
-  pointDistance,
   pointFrom,
   pointRotateRads,
   rangeInclusive,
@@ -17,7 +13,7 @@ import {
   getDraggedElementsBounds,
   getElementAbsoluteCoords,
 } from "@excalidraw/element";
-import { isBoundToContainer, isElbowArrow } from "@excalidraw/element";
+import { isBoundToContainer } from "@excalidraw/element";
 
 import { getMaximumGroups } from "@excalidraw/element";
 
@@ -33,18 +29,14 @@ import type { MaybeTransformHandleType } from "@excalidraw/element";
 import type {
   ElementsMap,
   ExcalidrawElement,
-  ExcalidrawLinearElement,
   NonDeletedExcalidrawElement,
-  NonDeleted,
 } from "@excalidraw/element/types";
 
 import type {
   AppClassProperties,
   AppState,
   KeyboardModifiersObject,
-} from "@excalidraw/excalidraw/types";
-
-import { LinearElementEditor } from "./linearElementEditor";
+} from "./types";
 
 const SNAP_DISTANCE = 8;
 
@@ -130,11 +122,6 @@ export type SnapLine = PointSnapLine | GapSnapLine | PointerSnapLine;
 export class SnapCache {
   private static referenceSnapPoints: GlobalPoint[] | null = null;
 
-  private static linearElementAxisSnapTargets: {
-    editingElementId: ExcalidrawElement["id"];
-    snapTargets: GlobalPoint[];
-  } | null = null;
-
   private static visibleGaps: {
     verticalGaps: Gap[];
     horizontalGaps: Gap[];
@@ -148,27 +135,6 @@ export class SnapCache {
     return SnapCache.referenceSnapPoints;
   };
 
-  public static setLinearElementAxisSnapTargets = (
-    editingElementId: ExcalidrawElement["id"],
-    snapTargets: GlobalPoint[] | null,
-  ) => {
-    SnapCache.linearElementAxisSnapTargets = snapTargets
-      ? {
-          editingElementId,
-          snapTargets,
-        }
-      : null;
-  };
-
-  public static getLinearElementAxisSnapTargets = (
-    editingElementId: ExcalidrawElement["id"],
-  ) => {
-    return SnapCache.linearElementAxisSnapTargets?.editingElementId ===
-      editingElementId
-      ? SnapCache.linearElementAxisSnapTargets.snapTargets
-      : null;
-  };
-
   public static setVisibleGaps = (
     gaps: {
       verticalGaps: Gap[];
@@ -184,7 +150,6 @@ export class SnapCache {
 
   public static destroy = () => {
     SnapCache.referenceSnapPoints = null;
-    SnapCache.linearElementAxisSnapTargets = null;
     SnapCache.visibleGaps = null;
   };
 }
@@ -270,19 +235,6 @@ export const getElementsCorners = (
     const halfHeight = (y2 - y1) / 2;
 
     if (
-      (element.type === "line" || element.type === "arrow") &&
-      !boundingBoxCorners
-    ) {
-      // For linear elements, use actual points instead of bounding box
-      const linearPoints = LinearElementEditor.getPointsGlobalCoordinates(
-        element as NonDeleted<ExcalidrawLinearElement>,
-        elementsMap,
-        {
-          dragOffset,
-        },
-      );
-      result = linearPoints;
-    } else if (
       (element.type === "diamond" || element.type === "ellipse") &&
       !boundingBoxCorners
     ) {
@@ -681,227 +633,6 @@ export const getReferenceSnapPoints = (
     .flatMap((elementGroup) => getElementsCorners(elementGroup, elementsMap));
 };
 
-const getExternalAxisSnapTargets = (
-  elements: readonly NonDeletedExcalidrawElement[],
-  editingElement: ExcalidrawLinearElement,
-  appState: AppState,
-  elementsMap: ElementsMap,
-) => {
-  const cachedAxisSnapTargets = SnapCache.getLinearElementAxisSnapTargets(
-    editingElement.id,
-  );
-
-  const externalAxisSnapTargets =
-    cachedAxisSnapTargets ??
-    getReferenceSnapPoints(elements, [editingElement], appState, elementsMap);
-
-  if (!cachedAxisSnapTargets) {
-    SnapCache.setLinearElementAxisSnapTargets(
-      editingElement.id,
-      externalAxisSnapTargets,
-    );
-  }
-
-  return externalAxisSnapTargets;
-};
-
-const getOwnAxisSnapTargets = (
-  editingElement: ExcalidrawLinearElement,
-  elementsMap: ElementsMap,
-  selectedPointsIndices?: readonly number[],
-) => {
-  return LinearElementEditor.getPointsGlobalCoordinates(
-    editingElement as NonDeleted<ExcalidrawLinearElement>,
-    elementsMap,
-    {
-      excludePointsIndices: selectedPointsIndices,
-    },
-  );
-};
-
-export const getAxisSnapTargets = (
-  elements: readonly NonDeletedExcalidrawElement[],
-  editingElement: ExcalidrawLinearElement,
-  appState: AppState,
-  elementsMap: ElementsMap,
-  options: {
-    includeSelfPoints?: boolean;
-    selectedPointsIndices?: readonly number[];
-  } = {},
-) => {
-  const externalAxisSnapTargets = getExternalAxisSnapTargets(
-    elements,
-    editingElement,
-    appState,
-    elementsMap,
-  );
-
-  if (!options.includeSelfPoints) {
-    return externalAxisSnapTargets;
-  }
-
-  return externalAxisSnapTargets.concat(
-    getOwnAxisSnapTargets(
-      editingElement,
-      elementsMap,
-      options.selectedPointsIndices,
-    ),
-  );
-};
-
-const collectNearestAxisSnapCandidates = (
-  axisSnapTargets: readonly GlobalPoint[],
-  pointerPosition: GlobalPoint,
-  nearestSnapsX: Snaps,
-  nearestSnapsY: Snaps,
-  minOffset: Vector2D,
-) => {
-  for (const snapTarget of axisSnapTargets) {
-    const offsetX = snapTarget[0] - pointerPosition[0];
-    const offsetY = snapTarget[1] - pointerPosition[1];
-    const absOffsetX = Math.abs(offsetX);
-    const absOffsetY = Math.abs(offsetY);
-
-    if (absOffsetX > minOffset.x && absOffsetY > minOffset.y) {
-      continue;
-    }
-
-    if (absOffsetX <= minOffset.x) {
-      if (absOffsetX < minOffset.x) {
-        nearestSnapsX.length = 0;
-      }
-
-      nearestSnapsX.push({
-        type: "point",
-        points: [pointerPosition, snapTarget],
-        offset: offsetX,
-      });
-
-      minOffset.x = absOffsetX;
-    }
-
-    if (absOffsetY <= minOffset.y) {
-      if (absOffsetY < minOffset.y) {
-        nearestSnapsY.length = 0;
-      }
-
-      nearestSnapsY.push({
-        type: "point",
-        points: [pointerPosition, snapTarget],
-        offset: offsetY,
-      });
-
-      minOffset.y = absOffsetY;
-    }
-  }
-};
-
-export const snapLinearElementPoint = (
-  elements: readonly NonDeletedExcalidrawElement[],
-  editingElement: ExcalidrawLinearElement,
-  pointerPosition: GlobalPoint,
-  app: AppClassProperties,
-  event: KeyboardModifiersObject,
-  elementsMap: ElementsMap,
-  options: {
-    includeExternalPoints?: boolean;
-    includeSelfPoints?: boolean;
-    selectedPointsIndices?: readonly number[];
-  } = {},
-) => {
-  if (
-    !isSnappingEnabled({ app, event, selectedElements: [editingElement] }) ||
-    isElbowArrow(editingElement)
-  ) {
-    return {
-      snapOffset: { x: 0, y: 0 },
-      snapLines: [],
-    };
-  }
-
-  const snapDistance = getSnapDistance(app.state.zoom.value);
-  const minOffset = {
-    x: snapDistance,
-    y: snapDistance,
-  };
-
-  const nearestSnapsX: Snaps = [];
-  const nearestSnapsY: Snaps = [];
-
-  if (options.includeExternalPoints !== false) {
-    collectNearestAxisSnapCandidates(
-      getExternalAxisSnapTargets(
-        elements,
-        editingElement,
-        app.state,
-        elementsMap,
-      ),
-      pointerPosition,
-      nearestSnapsX,
-      nearestSnapsY,
-      minOffset,
-    );
-  }
-
-  if (options.includeSelfPoints) {
-    collectNearestAxisSnapCandidates(
-      getOwnAxisSnapTargets(
-        editingElement,
-        elementsMap,
-        options.selectedPointsIndices,
-      ),
-      pointerPosition,
-      nearestSnapsX,
-      nearestSnapsY,
-      minOffset,
-    );
-  }
-
-  const snapOffset = {
-    x: nearestSnapsX[0]?.offset ?? 0,
-    y: nearestSnapsY[0]?.offset ?? 0,
-  };
-
-  // Create snap lines using the snapped position (fixed position)
-  let pointSnapLines: SnapLine[] = [];
-
-  if (snapOffset.x !== 0 || snapOffset.y !== 0) {
-    const snappedPosition = pointFrom<GlobalPoint>(
-      pointerPosition[0] + snapOffset.x,
-      pointerPosition[1] + snapOffset.y,
-    );
-
-    const snappedSnapsX = nearestSnapsX
-      .filter(
-        (snap): snap is PointSnap =>
-          snap.type === "point" && isCloseTo(snap.offset, snapOffset.x, 0.01),
-      )
-      .map((snap) => ({
-        type: "point" as const,
-        points: [snappedPosition, snap.points[1]] as [GlobalPoint, GlobalPoint],
-        offset: 0,
-      }));
-
-    const snappedSnapsY = nearestSnapsY
-      .filter(
-        (snap): snap is PointSnap =>
-          snap.type === "point" && isCloseTo(snap.offset, snapOffset.y, 0.01),
-      )
-      .map((snap) => ({
-        type: "point" as const,
-        points: [snappedPosition, snap.points[1]] as [GlobalPoint, GlobalPoint],
-        offset: 0,
-      }));
-
-    pointSnapLines = createPointSnapLines(snappedSnapsX, snappedSnapsY);
-  }
-
-  return {
-    snapOffset,
-    snapLines: pointSnapLines,
-  };
-};
-
 const getPointSnaps = (
   selectedElements: ExcalidrawElement[],
   selectionSnapPoints: GlobalPoint[],
@@ -1681,79 +1412,3 @@ export const isActiveToolNonLinearSnappable = (
     activeToolType === TOOL_TYPE.text
   );
 };
-
-/**
- * Snaps to discrete angle rotation logic.
- * This function handles the common pattern of finding intersections between
- * angle lines and snap lines, and updating the snap lines accordingly.
- *
- * @param snapLines - The original snap lines from snapping
- * @param angleLine - The line representing the discrete angle constraint
- * @param gridPosition - The grid position (original pointer position)
- * @param referencePosition - The reference position (usually the start point)
- * @returns Object containing updated snap lines and position deltas
- */
-export const snapToDiscreteAngle = (
-  snapLines: SnapLine[],
-  angleLine: [GlobalPoint, GlobalPoint],
-  gridPosition: GlobalPoint,
-  referencePosition: GlobalPoint,
-): {
-  snapLines: SnapLine[];
-  dxFromReference: number;
-  dyFromReference: number;
-} => {
-  if (snapLines.length === 0) {
-    return {
-      snapLines: [],
-      dxFromReference: gridPosition[0] - referencePosition[0],
-      dyFromReference: gridPosition[1] - referencePosition[1],
-    };
-  }
-
-  const firstSnapLine = snapLines[0];
-  if (firstSnapLine.type === "points" && firstSnapLine.points.length > 1) {
-    const snapLine = line(firstSnapLine.points[0], firstSnapLine.points[1]);
-    const intersection = linesIntersectAt<GlobalPoint>(
-      line(angleLine[0], angleLine[1]),
-      snapLine,
-    );
-
-    if (intersection) {
-      const dxFromReference = intersection[0] - referencePosition[0];
-      const dyFromReference = intersection[1] - referencePosition[1];
-
-      const furthestPoint = firstSnapLine.points.reduce(
-        (furthest, point) => {
-          const distance = pointDistance(intersection, point);
-          if (distance > furthest.distance) {
-            return { point, distance };
-          }
-          return furthest;
-        },
-        {
-          point: firstSnapLine.points[0],
-          distance: pointDistance(intersection, firstSnapLine.points[0]),
-        },
-      );
-
-      const updatedSnapLine: PointSnapLine = {
-        type: "points",
-        points: [furthestPoint.point, intersection],
-      };
-
-      return {
-        snapLines: [updatedSnapLine],
-        dxFromReference,
-        dyFromReference,
-      };
-    }
-  }
-
-  // If no intersection found, return original snap lines with grid position
-  return {
-    snapLines,
-    dxFromReference: gridPosition[0] - referencePosition[0],
-    dyFromReference: gridPosition[1] - referencePosition[1],
-  };
-};

packages/excalidraw/tests/MermaidToExcalidraw.test.tsx

@@ -83,6 +83,26 @@ mockMermaidToExcalidraw({
   },
 });
 
+const normalizeDialogSnapshot = (dialog: Element) => {
+  const dialogClone = dialog.cloneNode(true) as HTMLElement;
+
+  dialogClone
+    .querySelectorAll<HTMLElement>(".ttd-dialog-content")
+    .forEach((element) => {
+      // Radix Tabs injects this during initial mount animation prevention.
+      // Its presence depends on render timing and is unrelated to this test.
+      if (element.style.animationDuration === "0s") {
+        element.style.removeProperty("animation-duration");
+      }
+
+      if (!element.getAttribute("style")) {
+        element.removeAttribute("style");
+      }
+    });
+
+  return dialogClone.outerHTML;
+};
+
 describe("Test <MermaidToExcalidraw/>", () => {
   beforeEach(async () => {
     await render(
@@ -99,7 +119,7 @@ describe("Test <MermaidToExcalidraw/>", () => {
   it("should open mermaid popup when active tool is mermaid", async () => {
     const dialog = document.querySelector(".ttd-dialog")!;
     await waitFor(() => expect(dialog.querySelector("canvas")).not.toBeNull());
-    expect(dialog.outerHTML).toMatchSnapshot();
+    expect(normalizeDialogSnapshot(dialog)).toMatchSnapshot();
   });
 
   it("should show error in preview when mermaid library throws error", async () => {

packages/excalidraw/tests/__snapshots__/MermaidToExcalidraw.test.tsx.snap

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // Vitest Snapshot v1, https://vitest.dev/guide/snapshot.html
 
-exports[`Test <MermaidToExcalidraw/> > should open mermaid popup when active tool is mermaid 1`] = `"<div class="Modal Dialog ttd-dialog" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" aria-labelledby="dialog-title"><div class="Modal__background"></div><div class="Modal__content" style="--max-width: 1520px;" tabindex="0"><div class="Island"><div class="Dialog__content"><div dir="ltr" data-orientation="horizontal" class="ttd-dialog-tabs-root"><p class="dialog-mermaid-title">Mermaid to Excalidraw</p><div data-state="active" data-orientation="horizontal" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="radix-:r4:-trigger-mermaid" id="radix-:r4:-content-mermaid" tabindex="0" class="ttd-dialog-content" style=""><div class="ttd-dialog-desc">Currently only <a href="https://mermaid.js.org/syntax/flowchart.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Flowchart</a>, <a href="https://mermaid.js.org/syntax/sequenceDiagram.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Sequence</a>, <a href="https://mermaid.js.org/syntax/classDiagram.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Class</a>, and <a href="https://mermaid.js.org/syntax/entityRelationshipDiagram.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Entity Relationship</a> Diagrams are supported. The other types will be rendered as image in Excalidraw.</div><div class="ttd-dialog-panels"><div class="ttd-dialog-panel"><div class="ttd-dialog-panel-button-container invisible" style="justify-content: flex-start;"></div></div><div class="ttd-dialog-panel"><div class="ttd-dialog-output-wrapper "><div class="ttd-dialog-output-canvas-container"><div class="ttd-dialog-output-canvas-content"><canvas width="89" height="158" dir="ltr"></canvas></div></div></div><div class="ttd-dialog-panel-button-container" style="justify-content: flex-start;"><button type="button" class="excalidraw-button ttd-dialog-panel-button"><div class="">Insert<span><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="img" viewBox="0 0 20 20" class="" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><g stroke-width="1.25"><path d="M4.16602 10H15.8327"></path><path d="M12.5 13.3333L15.8333 10"></path><path d="M12.5 6.66666L15.8333 9.99999"></path></g></svg></span></div></button><div class="ttd-dialog-submit-shortcut"><div class="ttd-dialog-submit-shortcut__key">Ctrl</div><div class="ttd-dialog-submit-shortcut__key">Enter</div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>"`;
+exports[`Test <MermaidToExcalidraw/> > should open mermaid popup when active tool is mermaid 1`] = `"<div class="Modal Dialog ttd-dialog" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" aria-labelledby="dialog-title"><div class="Modal__background"></div><div class="Modal__content" style="--max-width: 1520px;" tabindex="0"><div class="Island"><div class="Dialog__content"><div dir="ltr" data-orientation="horizontal" class="ttd-dialog-tabs-root"><p class="dialog-mermaid-title">Mermaid to Excalidraw</p><div data-state="active" data-orientation="horizontal" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="radix-:r4:-trigger-mermaid" id="radix-:r4:-content-mermaid" tabindex="0" class="ttd-dialog-content"><div class="ttd-dialog-desc">Currently only <a href="https://mermaid.js.org/syntax/flowchart.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Flowchart</a>, <a href="https://mermaid.js.org/syntax/sequenceDiagram.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Sequence</a>, <a href="https://mermaid.js.org/syntax/classDiagram.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Class</a>, and <a href="https://mermaid.js.org/syntax/entityRelationshipDiagram.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Entity Relationship</a> Diagrams are supported. The other types will be rendered as image in Excalidraw.</div><div class="ttd-dialog-panels"><div class="ttd-dialog-panel"><div class="ttd-dialog-panel-button-container invisible" style="justify-content: flex-start;"></div></div><div class="ttd-dialog-panel"><div class="ttd-dialog-output-wrapper "><div class="ttd-dialog-output-canvas-container"><div class="ttd-dialog-output-canvas-content"><canvas width="89" height="158" dir="ltr"></canvas></div></div></div><div class="ttd-dialog-panel-button-container" style="justify-content: flex-start;"><button type="button" class="excalidraw-button ttd-dialog-panel-button"><div class="">Insert<span><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="img" viewBox="0 0 20 20" class="" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><g stroke-width="1.25"><path d="M4.16602 10H15.8327"></path><path d="M12.5 13.3333L15.8333 10"></path><path d="M12.5 6.66666L15.8333 9.99999"></path></g></svg></span></div></button><div class="ttd-dialog-submit-shortcut"><div class="ttd-dialog-submit-shortcut__key">Ctrl</div><div class="ttd-dialog-submit-shortcut__key">Enter</div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>"`;
 
 exports[`Test <MermaidToExcalidraw/> > should show error in preview when mermaid library throws error 1`] = `
 "flowchart TD

packages/excalidraw/tests/__snapshots__/contextmenu.test.tsx.snap

@@ -979,7 +979,6 @@ exports[`contextMenu element > right-clicking on a group should select whole gro
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -1173,7 +1172,6 @@ exports[`contextMenu element > selecting 'Add to library' in context menu adds e
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -1388,7 +1386,6 @@ exports[`contextMenu element > selecting 'Bring forward' in context menu brings
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -1720,7 +1717,6 @@ exports[`contextMenu element > selecting 'Bring to front' in context menu brings
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -2052,7 +2048,6 @@ exports[`contextMenu element > selecting 'Copy styles' in context menu copies st
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -2265,7 +2260,6 @@ exports[`contextMenu element > selecting 'Delete' in context menu deletes elemen
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -2509,7 +2503,6 @@ exports[`contextMenu element > selecting 'Duplicate' in context menu duplicates
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -2813,7 +2806,6 @@ exports[`contextMenu element > selecting 'Group selection' in context menu group
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -3181,7 +3173,6 @@ exports[`contextMenu element > selecting 'Paste styles' in context menu pastes s
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -3675,7 +3666,6 @@ exports[`contextMenu element > selecting 'Send backward' in context menu sends e
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -3999,7 +3989,6 @@ exports[`contextMenu element > selecting 'Send to back' in context menu sends el
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -4326,7 +4315,6 @@ exports[`contextMenu element > selecting 'Ungroup selection' in context menu ung
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -5612,7 +5600,6 @@ exports[`contextMenu element > shows 'Group selection' in context menu for multi
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -6832,7 +6819,6 @@ exports[`contextMenu element > shows 'Ungroup selection' in context menu for gro
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -7786,7 +7772,6 @@ exports[`contextMenu element > shows context menu for canvas > [end of test] app
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -8786,7 +8771,6 @@ exports[`contextMenu element > shows context menu for element > [end of test] ap
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -9781,7 +9765,6 @@ exports[`contextMenu element > shows context menu for element > [end of test] ap
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,

packages/excalidraw/tests/__snapshots__/history.test.tsx.snap

@@ -98,7 +98,6 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > conflicts in arrows and their bindabl
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -732,7 +731,6 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > conflicts in arrows and their bindabl
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -1293,7 +1291,6 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > conflicts in arrows and their bindabl
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -1654,7 +1651,6 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > conflicts in arrows and their bindabl
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -2017,7 +2013,6 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > conflicts in arrows and their bindabl
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -2280,7 +2275,6 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > conflicts in arrows and their bindabl
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -2380,7 +2374,7 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > conflicts in arrows and their bindabl
   "endBinding": {
     "elementId": "id1",
     "fixedPoint": [
-      0,
+      "0.50010",
       "0.50010",
     ],
     "mode": "orbit",
@@ -2388,7 +2382,7 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > conflicts in arrows and their bindabl
   "fillStyle": "solid",
   "frameId": null,
   "groupIds": [],
-  "height": "439.20000",
+  "height": "399.26547",
   "id": "id4",
   "index": "a2",
   "isDeleted": false,
@@ -2402,8 +2396,8 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > conflicts in arrows and their bindabl
       0,
     ],
     [
-      488,
-      "-439.20000",
+      "488.00000",
+      "-399.26547",
     ],
   ],
   "roughness": 1,
@@ -2425,9 +2419,9 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > conflicts in arrows and their bindabl
   "type": "arrow",
   "updated": 1,
   "version": 11,
-  "width": 488,
+  "width": "488.00000",
   "x": 6,
-  "y": "-5.39000",
+  "y": "-4.89900",
 }
 `;
 
@@ -2548,7 +2542,7 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > conflicts in arrows and their bindabl
             "endBinding": {
               "elementId": "id1",
               "fixedPoint": [
-                0,
+                "0.50010",
                 "0.50010",
               ],
               "mode": "orbit",
@@ -2556,7 +2550,7 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > conflicts in arrows and their bindabl
             "fillStyle": "solid",
             "frameId": null,
             "groupIds": [],
-            "height": "439.20000",
+            "height": "399.26547",
             "index": "a2",
             "isDeleted": false,
             "link": null,
@@ -2568,8 +2562,8 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > conflicts in arrows and their bindabl
                 0,
               ],
               [
-                488,
-                "-439.20000",
+                "488.00000",
+                "-399.26547",
               ],
             ],
             "roughness": 1,
@@ -2590,9 +2584,9 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > conflicts in arrows and their bindabl
             "strokeWidth": 2,
             "type": "arrow",
             "version": 11,
-            "width": 488,
+            "width": "488.00000",
             "x": 6,
-            "y": "-5.39000",
+            "y": "-4.89900",
           },
           "inserted": {
             "isDeleted": true,
@@ -2735,7 +2729,6 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > conflicts in bound text elements and
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -3039,7 +3032,6 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > conflicts in bound text elements and
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -3359,7 +3351,6 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > conflicts in bound text elements and
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -3654,7 +3645,6 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > conflicts in bound text elements and
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -3941,7 +3931,6 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > conflicts in bound text elements and
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -4177,7 +4166,6 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > conflicts in bound text elements and
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -4435,7 +4423,6 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > conflicts in bound text elements and
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -4707,7 +4694,6 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > conflicts in bound text elements and
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -4937,7 +4923,6 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > conflicts in bound text elements and
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -5167,7 +5152,6 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > conflicts in bound text elements and
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -5415,7 +5399,6 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > conflicts in bound text elements and
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -5672,7 +5655,6 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > conflicts in frames and their childre
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -5930,7 +5912,6 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > should iterate through the history wh
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -6260,7 +6241,6 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > should iterate through the history wh
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -6691,7 +6671,6 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > should iterate through the history wh
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -7072,7 +7051,6 @@ exports[`history > multiplayer undo/redo > should iterate through the history wh
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
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@@ -15742,7 +15692,6 @@ exports[`history > singleplayer undo/redo > should not end up with history entry
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@@ -16443,7 +16390,6 @@ exports[`history > singleplayer undo/redo > should support appstate name or view
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@@ -18003,7 +17947,6 @@ exports[`history > singleplayer undo/redo > should support bidirectional binding
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@@ -18648,7 +18591,6 @@ exports[`history > singleplayer undo/redo > should support bidirectional binding
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@@ -20170,7 +20111,6 @@ exports[`history > singleplayer undo/redo > should support changes in elements'
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@@ -20653,7 +20593,6 @@ exports[`history > singleplayer undo/redo > should support duplication of groups
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@@ -21160,7 +21099,6 @@ exports[`history > singleplayer undo/redo > should support element creation, del
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packages/excalidraw/tests/__snapshots__/regressionTests.test.tsx.snap

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@@ -2349,7 +2343,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > arrow keys > [end of test] appState 1`] = `
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@@ -2856,7 +2848,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > change the properties of a shape > [end of test] app
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@@ -3114,7 +3105,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > click on an element and drag it > [dragged] appState
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@@ -3356,7 +3346,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > click on an element and drag it > [end of test] appS
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@@ -3593,7 +3582,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > click to select a shape > [end of test] appState 1`]
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@@ -3853,7 +3841,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > click-drag to select a group > [end of test] appStat
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@@ -4167,7 +4154,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > deleting last but one element in editing group shoul
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@@ -5191,7 +5175,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > deselects selected element on pointer down when poin
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@@ -5372,7 +5355,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > deselects selected element, on pointer up, when clic
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@@ -5573,7 +5555,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > double click to edit a group > [end of test] appStat
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@@ -5971,7 +5952,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > drags selected elements from point inside common bou
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@@ -6263,7 +6243,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > draw every type of shape > [end of test] appState 1`
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@@ -7057,7 +7036,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > given a group of selected elements with an element t
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@@ -7392,7 +7370,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > given a selected element A and a not selected elemen
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@@ -7671,7 +7648,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > given selected element A with lower z-index than uns
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@@ -7907,7 +7883,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > given selected element A with lower z-index than uns
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@@ -8146,7 +8121,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > key 2 selects rectangle tool > [end of test] appStat
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@@ -8327,7 +8301,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > key 3 selects diamond tool > [end of test] appState
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@@ -8508,7 +8481,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > key 4 selects ellipse tool > [end of test] appState
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@@ -8665,14 +8637,7 @@ exports[`regression tests > key 5 selects arrow tool > [end of test] appState 1`
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-  "pasteDialog": {
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-    "shown": false,
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+  "originSnapOffset": null,
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@@ -8726,7 +8691,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > key 5 selects arrow tool > [end of test] appState 1`
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@@ -8959,7 +8923,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > key 6 selects line tool > [end of test] appState 1`]
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@@ -9158,7 +9121,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > key 7 selects freedraw tool > [end of test] appState
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@@ -9329,14 +9291,7 @@ exports[`regression tests > key a selects arrow tool > [end of test] appState 1`
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-    "x": 0,
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-  "pasteDialog": {
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-    "shown": false,
-  },
+  "originSnapOffset": null,
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   "preferredSelectionTool": {
@@ -9390,7 +9345,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > key a selects arrow tool > [end of test] appState 1`
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@@ -9593,7 +9547,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > key d selects diamond tool > [end of test] appState
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@@ -9804,7 +9757,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > key l selects line tool > [end of test] appState 1`]
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@@ -10005,7 +9957,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > key o selects ellipse tool > [end of test] appState
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@@ -10184,7 +10135,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > key p selects freedraw tool > [end of test] appState
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   "snapLines": [],
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@@ -10379,7 +10329,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > key r selects rectangle tool > [end of test] appStat
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-  "startBoundElement": null,
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@@ -10568,7 +10517,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > make a group and duplicate it > [end of test] appSta
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   "snapLines": [],
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@@ -11094,7 +11042,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > noop interaction after undo shouldn't create history
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -11371,7 +11318,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > pinch-to-zoom works > [end of test] appState 1`] = `
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -11497,7 +11443,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > shift click on selected element should deselect it o
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -11702,7 +11647,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > shift-click to multiselect, then drag > [end of test
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -12024,7 +11968,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > should group elements and ungroup them > [end of tes
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -12458,7 +12401,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > single-clicking on a subgroup of a selected group sh
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -13090,7 +13032,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > spacebar + drag scrolls the canvas > [end of test] a
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -13218,7 +13159,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > supports nested groups > [end of test] appState 1`]
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -13879,7 +13819,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > switches from group of selected elements to another
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -14218,7 +14157,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > switches selected element on pointer down > [end of
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -14451,7 +14389,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > two-finger scroll works > [end of test] appState 1`]
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -14577,7 +14514,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > undo/redo drawing an element > [end of test] appStat
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -14940,7 +14876,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > updates fontSize & fontFamily appState > [end of tes
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,
@@ -15067,7 +15002,6 @@ exports[`regression tests > zoom hotkeys > [end of test] appState 1`] = `
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": true,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,

packages/excalidraw/tests/animation.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+
+import { AnimationController } from "../renderer/animation";
+
+const FIRST_KEY = "animation-test-first";
+const SECOND_KEY = "animation-test-second";
+
+describe("AnimationController", () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.useFakeTimers();
+    window.EXCALIDRAW_THROTTLE_RENDER = false;
+  });
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    AnimationController.cancel(FIRST_KEY);
+    AnimationController.cancel(SECOND_KEY);
+    window.EXCALIDRAW_THROTTLE_RENDER = undefined;
+    vi.useRealTimers();
+  });
+
+  it("starts a new animation after the previous last animation was cancelled", async () => {
+    let firstFrames = 0;
+    AnimationController.start(FIRST_KEY, () => {
+      firstFrames++;
+      return { keep: true };
+    });
+
+    expect(firstFrames).toBe(1);
+
+    AnimationController.cancel(FIRST_KEY);
+    await vi.runOnlyPendingTimersAsync();
+
+    let secondFrames = 0;
+    AnimationController.start(SECOND_KEY, () => {
+      secondFrames++;
+      return secondFrames === 1 ? { keep: true } : null;
+    });
+
+    expect(secondFrames).toBe(1);
+
+    await vi.runOnlyPendingTimersAsync();
+
+    expect(secondFrames).toBe(2);
+    expect(AnimationController.running(SECOND_KEY)).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it("cancels a frame scheduled during a tick if no animations remain", async () => {
+    let firstFrames = 0;
+    let secondFrames = 0;
+
+    AnimationController.start(FIRST_KEY, ({ state }) => {
+      if (!state) {
+        return { keep: true };
+      }
+
+      firstFrames++;
+
+      AnimationController.start(SECOND_KEY, () => {
+        secondFrames++;
+        return { keep: true };
+      });
+      AnimationController.cancel(SECOND_KEY);
+
+      return null;
+    });
+
+    await vi.runOnlyPendingTimersAsync();
+
+    expect(firstFrames).toBe(1);
+    expect(secondFrames).toBe(1);
+    expect(vi.getTimerCount()).toBe(0);
+  });
+});

packages/excalidraw/tests/clipboard.test.tsx

@@ -305,8 +305,88 @@ describe("pasting & frames", () => {
 
     await waitFor(() => {
       expect(h.elements.length).toBe(2);
+      expect(h.elements[0].type).toBe(rect.type);
+      expect(h.elements[0].frameId).toBe(frame.id);
+      expect(h.elements[1].id).toBe(frame.id);
+      expect(h.elements[0].index! < frame.index!).toBe(true);
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("should layer pasted elements above the highest frame child", async () => {
+    const frame = API.createElement({
+      type: "frame",
+      width: 100,
+      height: 100,
+      x: 0,
+      y: 0,
+    });
+    const frameChild = API.createElement({
+      id: "frameChild",
+      type: "rectangle",
+      x: 10,
+      y: 10,
+      width: 20,
+      height: 20,
+      frameId: frame.id,
+    });
+    const rect = API.createElement({ type: "rectangle" });
+
+    API.setElements([frameChild, frame]);
+
+    const clipboardJSON = await serializeAsClipboardJSON({
+      elements: [rect],
+      files: null,
+    });
+
+    mouse.moveTo(50, 50);
+
+    pasteWithCtrlCmdV(clipboardJSON);
+
+    await waitFor(() => {
+      expect(h.elements.length).toBe(3);
       expect(h.elements[1].type).toBe(rect.type);
       expect(h.elements[1].frameId).toBe(frame.id);
+      expect(h.elements.map((element) => element.id)).toEqual([
+        frameChild.id,
+        h.elements[1].id,
+        frame.id,
+      ]);
+      expect(h.elements[1].index! > frameChild.index!).toBe(true);
+      expect(h.elements[1].index! < frame.index!).toBe(true);
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("should preserve denormalized pasted frame child order", async () => {
+    const frame = API.createElement({
+      type: "frame",
+      width: 100,
+      height: 100,
+      x: 0,
+      y: 0,
+    });
+    const frameChild = API.createElement({
+      type: "rectangle",
+      x: 10,
+      y: 10,
+      width: 20,
+      height: 20,
+      frameId: frame.id,
+    });
+
+    const clipboardJSON = await serializeAsClipboardJSON({
+      elements: [frame, frameChild],
+      files: null,
+    });
+
+    mouse.moveTo(200, 200);
+
+    pasteWithCtrlCmdV(clipboardJSON);
+
+    await waitFor(() => {
+      expect(h.elements.length).toBe(2);
+      expect(h.elements[0].type).toBe(frame.type);
+      expect(h.elements[1].type).toBe(frameChild.type);
+      expect(h.elements[1].frameId).toBe(h.elements[0].id);
     });
   });
 
@@ -379,8 +459,9 @@ describe("pasting & frames", () => {
 
     await waitFor(() => {
       expect(h.elements.length).toBe(3);
-      expect(h.elements[1].type).toBe(rect.type);
-      expect(h.elements[1].frameId).toBe(frame.id);
+      expect(h.elements[0].type).toBe(rect.type);
+      expect(h.elements[0].frameId).toBe(frame.id);
+      expect(h.elements[1].id).toBe(frame.id);
       expect(h.elements[2].type).toBe(rect2.type);
       expect(h.elements[2].frameId).toBe(null);
     });
@@ -422,10 +503,11 @@ describe("pasting & frames", () => {
 
     await waitFor(() => {
       expect(h.elements.length).toBe(3);
-      expect(h.elements[1].type).toBe(rect.type);
+      expect(h.elements[0].type).toBe(rect.type);
+      expect(h.elements[0].frameId).toBe(frame.id);
+      expect(h.elements[1].type).toBe(rect2.type);
       expect(h.elements[1].frameId).toBe(frame.id);
-      expect(h.elements[2].type).toBe(rect2.type);
-      expect(h.elements[2].frameId).toBe(frame.id);
+      expect(h.elements[2].id).toBe(frame.id);
     });
   });
 
@@ -473,8 +555,9 @@ describe("pasting & frames", () => {
 
     await waitFor(() => {
       expect(h.elements.length).toBe(4);
-      expect(h.elements[1].type).toBe(rect.type);
-      expect(h.elements[1].frameId).toBe(frame.id);
+      expect(h.elements[0].type).toBe(rect.type);
+      expect(h.elements[0].frameId).toBe(frame.id);
+      expect(h.elements[1].id).toBe(frame.id);
       expect(h.elements[2].type).toBe(rect2.type);
       expect(h.elements[2].frameId).toBe(h.elements[3].id);
       expect(h.elements[3].type).toBe(frame2.type);

packages/excalidraw/tests/data/restore.test.ts

@@ -160,6 +160,39 @@ describe("restoreElements", () => {
     });
   });
 
+  it("should restore only valid freedraw points and keep pressures aligned", () => {
+    const freedrawElement = API.createElement({
+      type: "freedraw",
+      id: "id-freedraw-invalid-points",
+      points: [pointFrom(0, 0), pointFrom(10, 10)],
+    });
+
+    const restoredFreedraw = restore.restoreElements(
+      [
+        {
+          ...freedrawElement,
+          simulatePressure: false,
+          points: [
+            pointFrom(0, 0),
+            [Infinity, 10],
+            null,
+            pointFrom(20, 20),
+            [NaN, 30],
+            [40, null],
+          ],
+          pressures: [0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6],
+        } as any,
+      ],
+      null,
+    )[0] as ExcalidrawFreeDrawElement;
+
+    expect(restoredFreedraw.points).toEqual([
+      pointFrom(0, 0),
+      pointFrom(20, 20),
+    ]);
+    expect(restoredFreedraw.pressures).toEqual([0.1, 0.4]);
+  });
+
   it("should restore line and draw elements correctly", () => {
     const lineElement = API.createElement({ type: "line", id: "id-line01" });
 
@@ -400,6 +433,52 @@ describe("restoreElements", () => {
     expect(restoredLine.points).toMatchObject(expectedLinePoints);
   });
 
+  it("should restore only valid linear points", () => {
+    const lineElement: any = API.createElement({
+      type: "line",
+      x: 10,
+      y: 20,
+      width: 100,
+      height: 200,
+    });
+    const arrowElement: any = API.createElement({
+      type: "arrow",
+      width: 100,
+      height: 200,
+    });
+
+    lineElement.points = [
+      [2, 3],
+      null,
+      [Infinity, 4],
+      [5, 7],
+      [NaN, 8],
+      [9, null],
+    ];
+    arrowElement.points = [
+      [null, 0],
+      [Infinity, 4],
+    ];
+
+    const restoredElements = restore.restoreElements(
+      [lineElement, arrowElement],
+      null,
+    );
+    const restoredLine = restoredElements[0] as ExcalidrawLinearElement;
+    const restoredArrow = restoredElements[1] as ExcalidrawArrowElement;
+
+    expect(restoredLine.points).toEqual([pointFrom(0, 0), pointFrom(3, 4)]);
+    expect(restoredLine.x).toBe(12);
+    expect(restoredLine.y).toBe(23);
+    expect(restoredLine.width).toBe(3);
+    expect(restoredLine.height).toBe(4);
+
+    expect(restoredArrow.points).toEqual([
+      pointFrom(0, 0),
+      pointFrom(100, 200),
+    ]);
+  });
+
   it("when the number of points of a line is greater or equal 2", () => {
     const lineElement_0 = API.createElement({
       type: "line",

packages/excalidraw/tests/helpers/polyfills.ts

@@ -94,3 +94,42 @@ export const testPolyfills = {
   // https://github.com/vitest-dev/vitest/pull/4164#issuecomment-2172729965
   URL,
 };
+
+export const PolyfillLocalStorage = () => {
+  // Node.js 25+ provides a native localStorage global that shadows jsdom's,
+  // and jsdom's own localStorage also uses the native one -- both are broken
+  // (empty objects without Storage methods). On older Node versions, jsdom
+  // provides a working localStorage. This polyfill replaces localStorage on
+  // all supported versions with a standard Storage implementation backed by
+  // a Map, ensuring consistent behavior regardless of the Node.js version.
+  const storage = new Map<string, string>();
+  const storagePolyfill: Storage = {
+    get length() {
+      return storage.size;
+    },
+    clear() {
+      storage.clear();
+    },
+    key(index) {
+      return Array.from(storage.keys())[index] ?? null;
+    },
+    getItem(key) {
+      return storage.get(key) ?? null;
+    },
+    setItem(key, value) {
+      storage.set(key, value);
+    },
+    removeItem(key) {
+      storage.delete(key);
+    },
+    *[Symbol.iterator]() {
+      yield* storage.entries();
+    },
+  };
+
+  Object.defineProperty(window, "localStorage", {
+    value: storagePolyfill,
+    writable: true,
+    configurable: true,
+  });
+};

packages/excalidraw/tests/history.test.tsx

@@ -5132,7 +5132,7 @@ describe("history", () => {
               }),
               endBinding: expect.objectContaining({
                 elementId: rect2.id,
-                fixedPoint: expect.arrayContaining([0, 0.5001]),
+                fixedPoint: expect.arrayContaining([0.5001, 0.5001]),
               }),
               isDeleted: true,
             }),

packages/excalidraw/tests/image.test.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { randomId, reseed } from "@excalidraw/common";
+import { MIME_TYPES, randomId, reseed } from "@excalidraw/common";
 
 import type { FileId } from "@excalidraw/element/types";
 
@@ -17,18 +17,41 @@ import {
 } from "./fixtures/constants";
 import { INITIALIZED_IMAGE_PROPS } from "./helpers/constants";
 
+import type { ExcalidrawProps } from "../types";
+
 const { h } = window;
 
 export const setupImageTest = async (
   sizes: { width: number; height: number }[],
+  props?: ExcalidrawProps,
 ) => {
-  await render(<Excalidraw autoFocus={true} handleKeyboardGlobally={true} />);
+  await render(
+    <Excalidraw autoFocus={true} handleKeyboardGlobally={true} {...props} />,
+  );
 
   h.state.height = 1000;
 
   mockMultipleHTMLImageElements(sizes.map((size) => [size.width, size.height]));
 };
 
+describe("resizeImageFile", () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.unstubAllGlobals();
+  });
+
+  it("returns the original file when it already fits the max dimensions", async () => {
+    mockMultipleHTMLImageElements([[100, 100]]);
+
+    const imageFile = new File([new Uint8Array([1, 2, 3])], "image.png", {
+      type: MIME_TYPES.png,
+    });
+
+    await expect(
+      blobModule.resizeImageFile(imageFile, { maxWidthOrHeight: 200 }),
+    ).resolves.toBe(imageFile);
+  });
+});
+
 describe("image insertion", () => {
   beforeEach(() => {
     vi.clearAllMocks();
@@ -112,4 +135,42 @@ describe("image insertion", () => {
 
     await assert();
   });
+
+  it("passes host-configured max image dimensions to the resize helper", async () => {
+    await setupImageTest([DEER_IMAGE_DIMENSIONS], {
+      imageOptions: { maxWidthOrHeight: 2048 },
+    });
+
+    await API.drop([
+      { kind: "file", file: await API.loadFile("./fixtures/deer.png") },
+    ]);
+
+    await waitFor(() => {
+      expect(blobModule.resizeImageFile).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        expect.any(File),
+        { maxWidthOrHeight: 2048 },
+      );
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("enforces host-configured max image file size", async () => {
+    await setupImageTest([DEER_IMAGE_DIMENSIONS], {
+      imageOptions: { maxFileSizeBytes: 1024 * 1024 },
+    });
+
+    await API.drop([
+      {
+        kind: "file",
+        file: new File([new Uint8Array(2 * 1024 * 1024)], "image.png", {
+          type: MIME_TYPES.png,
+        }),
+      },
+    ]);
+
+    await waitFor(() => {
+      expect(h.state.errorMessage).toBe(
+        "File is too big. Maximum allowed size is 1MB.",
+      );
+    });
+  });
 });

packages/excalidraw/tests/laser.test.tsx

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import { API } from "./helpers/api";
 import { Pointer } from "./helpers/ui";
 import { act, GlobalTestState, render, waitFor } from "./test-utils";
 
-import type { ExcalidrawProps } from "../types";
+import type { Collaborator, ExcalidrawProps, SocketId } from "../types";
 
 describe("laser tool interactions", () => {
   const h = window.h;
@@ -128,4 +128,36 @@ describe("laser tool interactions", () => {
     expect(h.state.scrollY).toBe(initialScrollY);
     expect(GlobalTestState.interactiveCanvas.style.cursor).toContain("");
   });
+
+  it("cleans up remote laser trails when the last collaborator leaves", async () => {
+    await render(<Excalidraw />);
+
+    const socketId = "socket-id" as SocketId;
+    const collaborators = new Map<SocketId, Collaborator>([
+      [
+        socketId,
+        {
+          pointer: {
+            x: 10,
+            y: 10,
+            tool: "laser",
+          },
+          button: "down",
+        },
+      ],
+    ]);
+    const svgLayer = document.querySelector(".SVGLayer svg")!;
+
+    act(() => {
+      h.app.updateScene({ collaborators });
+    });
+
+    expect(svgLayer.querySelectorAll("path")).toHaveLength(1);
+
+    act(() => {
+      h.app.updateScene({ collaborators: new Map() });
+    });
+
+    expect(svgLayer.querySelectorAll("path")).toHaveLength(0);
+  });
 });

packages/excalidraw/tests/move.test.tsx

@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ import * as StaticScene from "../renderer/staticScene";
 import { UI, Pointer, Keyboard } from "./helpers/ui";
 import { render, fireEvent, act, unmountComponent } from "./test-utils";
 
+import type { Zoom } from "../types";
+
 unmountComponent();
 
 const renderInteractiveScene = vi.spyOn(
@@ -88,6 +90,7 @@ describe("move element", () => {
         "orbit",
         "start",
         h.app.scene,
+        { value: 1 } as Zoom,
       );
       bindBindingElement(
         arrow.get() as NonDeleted<ExcalidrawArrowElement>,
@@ -95,6 +98,7 @@ describe("move element", () => {
         "orbit",
         "end",
         h.app.scene,
+        { value: 1 } as Zoom,
       );
     });
 
@@ -111,10 +115,13 @@ describe("move element", () => {
     expect([rectA.x, rectA.y]).toEqual([0, 0]);
     expect([rectB.x, rectB.y]).toEqual([200, 0]);
     expect([[arrow.x, arrow.y]]).toCloselyEqualPoints(
-      [[106.00000000000001, 55.6867741935484]],
+      [[106, 56.011199999998695]],
+      0,
+    );
+    expect([[arrow.width, arrow.height]]).toCloselyEqualPoints(
+      [[88, 88.01760000000121]],
       0,
     );
-    expect([[arrow.width, arrow.height]]).toCloselyEqualPoints([[88, 88]], 0);
 
     renderInteractiveScene.mockClear();
     renderStaticScene.mockClear();
@@ -133,10 +140,13 @@ describe("move element", () => {
     expect([rectA.x, rectA.y]).toEqual([0, 0]);
     expect([rectB.x, rectB.y]).toEqual([201, 2]);
     expect([[arrow.x, arrow.y]]).toCloselyEqualPoints(
-      [[106, 55.6867741935484]],
+      [[106, 56.011199999998695]],
+      0,
+    );
+    expect([[arrow.width, arrow.height]]).toCloselyEqualPoints(
+      [[89, 90.01760000000121]],
       0,
     );
-    expect([[arrow.width, arrow.height]]).toCloselyEqualPoints([[89, 90]], 0);
 
     h.elements.forEach((element) => expect(element).toMatchSnapshot());
   });

packages/excalidraw/tests/selection.test.tsx

@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
 import React from "react";
 import { vi } from "vitest";
 
-import { KEYS, ROUNDNESS, reseed } from "@excalidraw/common";
-import { getElementBounds, getElementLineSegments } from "@excalidraw/element";
+import { KEYS, ROUNDNESS, arrayToMap, reseed } from "@excalidraw/common";
+import {
+  getElementBounds,
+  getElementLineSegments,
+  getElementsWithinSelection,
+} from "@excalidraw/element";
 import { pointFrom, pointRotateRads, type LocalPoint } from "@excalidraw/math";
 
 import { SHAPES } from "../components/shapes";
@@ -269,6 +273,145 @@ describe("box-selection overlap mode", () => {
     assertSelectedElements([rect1.id]);
   });
 
+  it("should select the whole group when overlapping one group member", () => {
+    const rect1 = API.createElement({
+      type: "rectangle",
+      x: 0,
+      y: 0,
+      width: 50,
+      height: 50,
+      groupIds: ["A"],
+    });
+    const rect2 = API.createElement({
+      type: "rectangle",
+      x: 100,
+      y: 0,
+      width: 50,
+      height: 50,
+      groupIds: ["A"],
+    });
+
+    API.setElements([rect1, rect2]);
+
+    boxSelect(25, -20, 75, 70);
+
+    assertSelectedElements([rect1.id, rect2.id]);
+    expect(h.state.selectedGroupIds).toEqual({ A: true });
+  });
+
+  it("should return all group elements when overlapping one group member", () => {
+    const rect1 = API.createElement({
+      type: "rectangle",
+      id: "rect1",
+      x: 0,
+      y: 0,
+      width: 50,
+      height: 50,
+      groupIds: ["A"],
+    });
+    const rect2 = API.createElement({
+      type: "rectangle",
+      id: "rect2",
+      x: 100,
+      y: 0,
+      width: 50,
+      height: 50,
+      groupIds: ["A"],
+    });
+    const rect3 = API.createElement({
+      type: "rectangle",
+      id: "rect3",
+      x: 200,
+      y: 0,
+      width: 50,
+      height: 50,
+    });
+    const selection = API.createElement({
+      type: "rectangle",
+      x: 125,
+      y: -10,
+      width: 10,
+      height: 70,
+    });
+    const elements = [rect1, rect2, rect3];
+
+    expect(
+      getElementsWithinSelection(
+        elements,
+        selection,
+        arrayToMap([...elements, selection]),
+        false,
+        "overlap",
+      ).map((element) => element.id),
+    ).toEqual([rect1.id, rect2.id]);
+  });
+
+  it("should retain nested and interleaved group element order", () => {
+    const outerNested1 = API.createElement({
+      type: "rectangle",
+      id: "outerNested1",
+      x: 0,
+      y: 0,
+      width: 50,
+      height: 50,
+      groupIds: ["inner", "outer"],
+    });
+    const other1 = API.createElement({
+      type: "rectangle",
+      id: "other1",
+      x: 70,
+      y: 0,
+      width: 50,
+      height: 50,
+      groupIds: ["other"],
+    });
+    const outerOnly = API.createElement({
+      type: "rectangle",
+      id: "outerOnly",
+      x: 140,
+      y: 0,
+      width: 50,
+      height: 50,
+      groupIds: ["outer"],
+    });
+    const other2 = API.createElement({
+      type: "rectangle",
+      id: "other2",
+      x: 210,
+      y: 0,
+      width: 50,
+      height: 50,
+      groupIds: ["other"],
+    });
+    const outerNested2 = API.createElement({
+      type: "rectangle",
+      id: "outerNested2",
+      x: 280,
+      y: 0,
+      width: 50,
+      height: 50,
+      groupIds: ["inner", "outer"],
+    });
+    const selection = API.createElement({
+      type: "rectangle",
+      x: 295,
+      y: -10,
+      width: 10,
+      height: 70,
+    });
+    const elements = [outerNested1, other1, outerOnly, other2, outerNested2];
+
+    expect(
+      getElementsWithinSelection(
+        elements,
+        selection,
+        arrayToMap([...elements, selection]),
+        false,
+        "overlap",
+      ).map((element) => element.id),
+    ).toEqual([outerNested1.id, outerOnly.id, outerNested2.id]);
+  });
+
   it("should not select a transparent rectangle when the selection box stays inside it", () => {
     const rect1 = API.createElement({
       type: "rectangle",
@@ -615,6 +758,32 @@ describe("box-selection overlap mode", () => {
 
     assertSelectedElements([]);
   });
+
+  it("should not select a framed element when selection only overlaps its clipped-out outline", () => {
+    const frame = API.createElement({
+      type: "frame",
+      x: 100,
+      y: 100,
+      width: 100,
+      height: 100,
+    });
+    const rect1 = API.createElement({
+      type: "rectangle",
+      x: 50,
+      y: 50,
+      width: 200,
+      height: 200,
+      frameId: frame.id,
+      backgroundColor: "red",
+      fillStyle: "solid",
+    });
+
+    API.setElements([frame, rect1]);
+
+    boxSelect(40, 170, 70, 220);
+
+    assertSelectedElements([]);
+  });
 });
 
 describe("inner box-selection", () => {
@@ -690,11 +859,175 @@ describe("inner box-selection", () => {
       mouse.moveTo(rect2.x + rect2.width + 10, rect2.y + rect2.height + 10);
       mouse.up();
 
+      assertSelectedElements([rect1.id]);
+      expect(h.state.selectedGroupIds).toEqual({});
+    });
+
+    Keyboard.withModifierKeys({ ctrl: true }, () => {
+      mouse.downAt(40, 40);
+      mouse.move(-1000, -1000);
+      mouse.moveTo(rect3.x + rect3.width + 10, rect3.y + rect3.height + 10);
+      mouse.up();
+
       assertSelectedElements([rect2.id, rect3.id]);
       expect(h.state.selectedGroupIds).toEqual({ A: true });
     });
   });
 
+  it("does not select a nested outer group until all members are contained", async () => {
+    const innerRect1 = API.createElement({
+      type: "rectangle",
+      x: 50,
+      y: 50,
+      width: 50,
+      height: 50,
+      groupIds: ["inner", "outer"],
+    });
+    const innerRect2 = API.createElement({
+      type: "rectangle",
+      x: 120,
+      y: 50,
+      width: 50,
+      height: 50,
+      groupIds: ["inner", "outer"],
+    });
+    const outerRect = API.createElement({
+      type: "rectangle",
+      x: 190,
+      y: 50,
+      width: 50,
+      height: 50,
+      groupIds: ["outer"],
+    });
+    API.setElements([innerRect1, innerRect2, outerRect]);
+
+    Keyboard.withModifierKeys({ ctrl: true }, () => {
+      mouse.downAt(0, 0);
+      mouse.move(-1000, -1000);
+      mouse.moveTo(
+        innerRect2.x + innerRect2.width + 10,
+        innerRect2.y + innerRect2.height + 10,
+      );
+      mouse.up();
+
+      assertSelectedElements([]);
+      expect(h.state.selectedGroupIds).toEqual({});
+    });
+
+    Keyboard.withModifierKeys({ ctrl: true }, () => {
+      mouse.downAt(0, 0);
+      mouse.move(-1000, -1000);
+      mouse.moveTo(
+        outerRect.x + outerRect.width + 10,
+        outerRect.y + outerRect.height + 10,
+      );
+      mouse.up();
+
+      assertSelectedElements([innerRect1.id, innerRect2.id, outerRect.id]);
+      expect(h.state.selectedGroupIds).toEqual({ outer: true });
+    });
+  });
+
+  it.skip("checks nested containment against the current editing depth", async () => {
+    const innerRect1 = API.createElement({
+      type: "rectangle",
+      x: 50,
+      y: 50,
+      width: 50,
+      height: 50,
+      groupIds: ["inner", "outer"],
+    });
+    const innerRect2 = API.createElement({
+      type: "rectangle",
+      x: 120,
+      y: 50,
+      width: 50,
+      height: 50,
+      groupIds: ["inner", "outer"],
+    });
+    const outerRect = API.createElement({
+      type: "rectangle",
+      x: 190,
+      y: 50,
+      width: 50,
+      height: 50,
+      groupIds: ["outer"],
+    });
+    const selection = API.createElement({
+      type: "rectangle",
+      x: 40,
+      y: 40,
+      width: 140,
+      height: 70,
+    });
+    const elements = [innerRect1, innerRect2, outerRect];
+    const elementsMap = arrayToMap([...elements, selection]);
+
+    expect(
+      getElementsWithinSelection(
+        elements,
+        selection,
+        elementsMap,
+        false,
+        "contain",
+      ).map((element) => element.id),
+    ).toEqual([]);
+
+    expect(
+      getElementsWithinSelection(
+        elements,
+        selection,
+        elementsMap,
+        false,
+        "contain",
+        // "outer", /* editingGroupId - add as param once we implement nested group handling */
+      ).map((element) => element.id),
+    ).toEqual([innerRect1.id, innerRect2.id]);
+  });
+
+  it("ignores grouped bound text when checking box-selection containment", async () => {
+    const container = API.createElement({
+      type: "rectangle",
+      id: "container",
+      x: 50,
+      y: 50,
+      width: 50,
+      height: 50,
+      groupIds: ["A"],
+      boundElements: [{ type: "text", id: "bound-text" }],
+    });
+    const boundText = API.createElement({
+      type: "text",
+      id: "bound-text",
+      x: 50,
+      y: 50,
+      width: 50,
+      height: 20,
+      containerId: container.id,
+      groupIds: ["A"],
+    });
+    const rect = API.createElement({
+      type: "rectangle",
+      x: 150,
+      y: 150,
+      width: 50,
+      height: 50,
+      groupIds: ["A"],
+    });
+    API.setElements([container, boundText, rect]);
+
+    Keyboard.withModifierKeys({ ctrl: true }, () => {
+      mouse.downAt(40, 40);
+      mouse.move(-1000, -1000);
+      mouse.moveTo(rect.x + rect.width + 10, rect.y + rect.height + 10);
+      mouse.up();
+
+      expect(h.state.selectedElementIds[container.id]).toBe(true);
+      expect(h.state.selectedElementIds[rect.id]).toBe(true);
+      expect(h.state.selectedGroupIds).toEqual({ A: true });
+    });
+  });
+
   it("selecting & deselecting grouped elements visually nested inside another", async () => {
     const rect1 = API.createElement({
       type: "rectangle",
@@ -725,7 +1058,7 @@ describe("inner box-selection", () => {
     Keyboard.withModifierKeys({ ctrl: true }, () => {
       mouse.downAt(rect2.x - 20, rect2.y - 20);
       mouse.move(-1000, -1000);
-      mouse.moveTo(rect2.x + rect2.width + 10, rect2.y + rect2.height + 10);
+      mouse.moveTo(rect3.x + rect3.width + 10, rect3.y + rect3.height + 10);
       assertSelectedElements([rect2.id, rect3.id]);
       expect(h.state.selectedGroupIds).toEqual({ A: true });
       mouse.moveTo(rect2.x - 10, rect2.y - 10);

packages/excalidraw/tests/tool.test.tsx

@@ -4,10 +4,12 @@ import { resolvablePromise } from "@excalidraw/common";
 
 import { Excalidraw } from "../index";
 
+import { getToolbarTools } from "../components/shapes";
+
 import { Pointer } from "./helpers/ui";
 import { act, render } from "./test-utils";
 
-import type { ExcalidrawImperativeAPI } from "../types";
+import type { AppClassProperties, ExcalidrawImperativeAPI } from "../types";
 
 describe("setActiveTool()", () => {
   const h = window.h;
@@ -66,3 +68,27 @@ describe("setActiveTool()", () => {
     expect(h.state.activeTool.customType).toBe("comment");
   });
 });
+describe("getToolbarTools()", () => {
+  const getToolValues = (preferredSelectionTool: "selection" | "lasso") =>
+    getToolbarTools({
+      state: {
+        preferredSelectionTool: {
+          type: preferredSelectionTool,
+        },
+      },
+    } as AppClassProperties).map((tool) => tool.value);
+
+  it("does not include lasso when selection is preferred", () => {
+    const toolValues = getToolValues("selection");
+
+    expect(toolValues.filter((value) => value === "selection")).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(toolValues.filter((value) => value === "lasso")).toHaveLength(0);
+  });
+
+  it("replaces selection with lasso when lasso is preferred", () => {
+    const toolValues = getToolValues("lasso");
+
+    expect(toolValues.filter((value) => value === "lasso")).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(toolValues.filter((value) => value === "selection")).toHaveLength(0);
+  });
+});

packages/excalidraw/types.ts

@@ -10,8 +10,6 @@ import type { LinearElementEditor } from "@excalidraw/element";
 
 import type { MaybeTransformHandleType } from "@excalidraw/element";
 
-import type { SnapLine } from "@excalidraw/element";
-
 import type {
   PointerType,
   ExcalidrawLinearElement,
@@ -57,6 +55,7 @@ import type { ClipboardData } from "./clipboard";
 import type App from "./components/App";
 import type Library from "./data/library";
 import type { ContextMenuItems } from "./components/ContextMenu";
+import type { SnapLine } from "./snapping";
 import type { ImportedDataState } from "./data/types";
 
 import type { Language } from "./i18n";
@@ -316,7 +315,10 @@ export interface AppState {
   bindingPreference: "enabled" | "disabled";
   /** user preference whether arrow snap to midpoints while binding */
   isMidpointSnappingEnabled: boolean;
-  startBoundElement: NonDeleted<ExcalidrawBindableElement> | null;
+  /**
+   * The bindable element the UI highlights for the user when an arrow is
+   * dragged or otherwise its endpoint being close to said element.
+   */
   suggestedBinding: {
     element: NonDeleted<ExcalidrawBindableElement>;
     midPoint?: GlobalPoint;
@@ -348,8 +350,11 @@ export interface AppState {
     type: "selection" | "lasso";
     initialized: boolean;
   };
+
+  // Pen handling
   penMode: boolean;
   penDetected: boolean;
+
   exportBackground: boolean;
   exportEmbedScene: boolean;
   exportWithDarkMode: boolean;
@@ -473,6 +478,9 @@ export interface AppState {
   // as elements are unlocked, we remove the groupId from the elements
   // and also remove groupId from this map
   lockedMultiSelections: { [groupId: string]: true };
+  // Stores the current bind mode which is detemined at various points during
+  // a drag operation (like pointer position vs bindable element) but needed
+  // globally for calculating the binding strategy
   bindMode: BindMode;
 }
 
@@ -488,10 +496,7 @@ export type SearchMatch = {
   }[];
 };
 
-export type UIAppState = Omit<
-  AppState,
-  "startBoundElement" | "cursorButton" | "scrollX" | "scrollY"
->;
+export type UIAppState = Omit<AppState, "cursorButton" | "scrollX" | "scrollY">;
 
 export type NormalizedZoomValue = number & { _brand: "normalizedZoom" };
 
@@ -640,6 +645,10 @@ export interface ExcalidrawProps {
     appState: UIAppState,
   ) => JSX.Element;
   UIOptions?: Partial<UIOptions>;
+  /**
+   * dimensions and size constraints for inserted images
+   */
+  imageOptions?: ImageOptions;
   detectScroll?: boolean;
   handleKeyboardGlobally?: boolean;
   onLibraryChange?: (libraryItems: LibraryItems) => void | Promise<any>;
@@ -726,6 +735,11 @@ export type ExportOpts = {
   ) => JSX.Element;
 };
 
+export type ImageOptions = Partial<{
+  maxWidthOrHeight: number;
+  maxFileSizeBytes: number;
+}>;
+
 // NOTE at the moment, if action name corresponds to canvasAction prop, its
 // truthiness value will determine whether the action is rendered or not
 // (see manager renderAction). We also override canvasAction values in
@@ -767,6 +781,7 @@ export type AppProps = Merge<
         canvasActions: Required<CanvasActions> & { export: ExportOpts };
       }
     >;
+    imageOptions: Required<ImageOptions>;
     detectScroll: boolean;
     handleKeyboardGlobally: boolean;
     isCollaborating: boolean;
@@ -871,8 +886,13 @@ export type PointerDownState = Readonly<{
     // Whether selected element(s) were duplicated, might change during the
     // pointer interaction
     hasBeenDuplicated: boolean;
+    // Whether the pointer is hitting the common bounding box of selected
+    // elements, which is useful for discriminating between selecitng
+    // the entire selection vs a specific element
     hasHitCommonBoundingBoxOfSelectedElements: boolean;
   };
+  // This is determined on the initial pointer down event to
+  // set various interaction modalities
   withCmdOrCtrl: boolean;
   drag: {
     // Might change during the pointer interaction
@@ -898,6 +918,7 @@ export type PointerDownState = Readonly<{
     onKeyUp: null | ((event: KeyboardEvent) => void);
   };
   boxSelection: {
+    // If the box selection tool is activated on pointer down
     hasOccurred: boolean;
   };
 }>;

packages/excalidraw/wysiwyg/textWysiwyg.test.tsx

@@ -769,6 +769,63 @@ describe("textWysiwyg", () => {
       ]);
     });
 
+    it("should not add bound text to a frame when its container is not a frame child", async () => {
+      const frame = API.createElement({
+        type: "frame",
+        x: 0,
+        y: 0,
+        width: 200,
+        height: 200,
+      });
+      const rectangle = API.createElement({
+        type: "rectangle",
+        x: 10,
+        y: 20,
+        width: 90,
+        height: 75,
+        backgroundColor: "red",
+      });
+      API.setElements([frame, rectangle]);
+
+      mouse.doubleClickAt(rectangle.x + 10, rectangle.y + 10);
+
+      const text = h.elements[2] as ExcalidrawTextElementWithContainer;
+      expect(text.type).toBe("text");
+      expect(text.containerId).toBe(rectangle.id);
+      expect(text.frameId).toBe(null);
+    });
+
+    it("should bind text to a frame child container when single clicking its center", async () => {
+      const frame = API.createElement({
+        type: "frame",
+        x: 0,
+        y: 0,
+        width: 200,
+        height: 200,
+      });
+      const rectangle = API.createElement({
+        type: "rectangle",
+        x: 10,
+        y: 20,
+        width: 90,
+        height: 75,
+        backgroundColor: "red",
+        frameId: frame.id,
+      });
+      API.setElements([rectangle, frame]);
+
+      UI.clickTool("text");
+      mouse.clickAt(
+        rectangle.x + rectangle.width / 2,
+        rectangle.y + rectangle.height / 2,
+      );
+
+      const text = h.elements[1] as ExcalidrawTextElementWithContainer;
+      expect(text.type).toBe("text");
+      expect(text.containerId).toBe(rectangle.id);
+      expect(text.frameId).toBe(frame.id);
+    });
+
     it("should set the text element angle to same as container angle when binding to rotated container", async () => {
       const rectangle = API.createElement({
         type: "rectangle",

packages/fractional-indexing/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+{
+  "name": "@excalidraw/fractional-indexing",
+  "version": "3.3.0",
+  "description": "Provides functions for generating ordering strings",
+  "type": "module",
+  "types": "./dist/types/fractional-indexing/src/index.d.ts",
+  "main": "./dist/prod/index.js",
+  "module": "./dist/prod/index.js",
+  "engines": {
+    "node": "^14.13.1 || >=16.0.0"
+  },
+  "scripts": {
+    "gen:types": "rimraf types && tsc",
+    "build:esm": "rimraf dist && node ../../scripts/buildBase.js && yarn gen:types"
+  },
+  "keywords": [
+    "fractional",
+    "indexing",
+    "ordering",
+    "order"
+  ],
+  "homepage": "https://github.com/rocicorp/fractional-indexing#readme",
+  "bugs": "https://github.com/excalidraw/excalidraw/issues",
+  "repository": "https://github.com/excalidraw/excalidraw",
+  "author": "arv@rocicorp.dev",
+  "license": "CC0-1.0",
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "prettier": "^2.6.0",
+    "typescript": "5.9.3"
+  },
+  "exports": {
+    ".": {
+      "types": "./dist/types/fractional-indexing/src/index.d.ts",
+      "development": "./dist/dev/index.js",
+      "production": "./dist/prod/index.js",
+      "default": "./dist/prod/index.js"
+    }
+  },
+  "publishConfig": {
+    "access": "public"
+  },
+  "files": [
+    "dist/*"
+  ]
+}

packages/fractional-indexing/src/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,322 @@
+// Vendored from https://www.npmjs.com/package/fractional-indexing
+// License: CC0 (no rights reserved).
+// This is based on https://observablehq.com/@dgreensp/implementing-fractional-indexing
+
+export const BASE_62_DIGITS =
+  "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
+
+// `a` may be empty string, `b` is null or non-empty string.
+// `a < b` lexicographically if `b` is non-null.
+// no trailing zeros allowed.
+// digits is a string such as '0123456789' for base 10.  Digits must be in
+// ascending character code order!
+/**
+ * @param {string} a
+ * @param {string | null | undefined} b
+ * @param {string} digits
+ * @returns {string}
+ */
+function midpoint(
+  a: string,
+  b: string | null | undefined,
+  digits: string,
+): string {
+  const zero = digits[0];
+  if (b != null && a >= b) {
+    throw new Error(`${a} >= ${b}`);
+  }
+  if (a.slice(-1) === zero || (b && b.slice(-1) === zero)) {
+    throw new Error("trailing zero");
+  }
+  if (b) {
+    // remove longest common prefix.  pad `a` with 0s as we
+    // go.  note that we don't need to pad `b`, because it can't
+    // end before `a` while traversing the common prefix.
+    let n = 0;
+    while ((a[n] || zero) === b[n]) {
+      n++;
+    }
+    if (n > 0) {
+      return b.slice(0, n) + midpoint(a.slice(n), b.slice(n), digits);
+    }
+  }
+  // first digits (or lack of digit) are different
+  const digitA = a ? digits.indexOf(a[0]) : 0;
+  const digitB = b != null ? digits.indexOf(b[0]) : digits.length;
+  if (digitB - digitA > 1) {
+    const midDigit = Math.round(0.5 * (digitA + digitB));
+    return digits[midDigit];
+  }
+  // first digits are consecutive
+  if (b && b.length > 1) {
+    return b.slice(0, 1);
+  }
+
+  // `b` is null or has length 1 (a single digit).
+  // the first digit of `a` is the previous digit to `b`,
+  // or 9 if `b` is null.
+  // given, for example, midpoint('49', '5'), return
+  // '4' + midpoint('9', null), which will become
+  // '4' + '9' + midpoint('', null), which is '495'
+  return digits[digitA] + midpoint(a.slice(1), null, digits);
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param {string} int
+ * @return {void}
+ */
+
+function validateInteger(int: string): void {
+  if (int.length !== getIntegerLength(int[0])) {
+    throw new Error(`invalid integer part of order key: ${int}`);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param {string} head
+ * @return {number}
+ */
+
+function getIntegerLength(head: string): number {
+  if (head >= "a" && head <= "z") {
+    return head.charCodeAt(0) - "a".charCodeAt(0) + 2;
+  } else if (head >= "A" && head <= "Z") {
+    return "Z".charCodeAt(0) - head.charCodeAt(0) + 2;
+  }
+
+  throw new Error(`invalid order key head: ${head}`);
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param {string} key
+ * @return {string}
+ */
+
+function getIntegerPart(key: string): string {
+  const integerPartLength = getIntegerLength(key[0]);
+
+  if (integerPartLength > key.length) {
+    throw new Error(`invalid order key: ${key}`);
+  }
+  return key.slice(0, integerPartLength);
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param {string} key
+ * @param {string} digits
+ * @return {void}
+ */
+export function validateOrderKey(
+  key: string,
+  digits: string = BASE_62_DIGITS,
+): void {
+  const validChars = key.split("").every((char) => digits.includes(char));
+  if (key === `A${digits[0].repeat(26)}` || !validChars) {
+    throw new Error(`invalid order key: ${key}`);
+  }
+  // getIntegerPart will throw if the first character is bad,
+  // or the key is too short.  we'd call it to check these things
+  // even if we didn't need the result
+  const i = getIntegerPart(key);
+  const f = key.slice(i.length);
+  if (f.slice(-1) === digits[0]) {
+    throw new Error(`invalid order key: ${key}`);
+  }
+}
+
+// note that this may return null, as there is a largest integer
+/**
+ * @param {string} x
+ * @param {string} digits
+ * @return {string | null}
+ */
+function incrementInteger(x: string, digits: string): string | null {
+  validateInteger(x);
+  const [head, ...digs] = x.split("");
+  let carry = true;
+  for (let i = digs.length - 1; carry && i >= 0; i--) {
+    const d = digits.indexOf(digs[i]) + 1;
+    if (d === digits.length) {
+      digs[i] = digits[0];
+    } else {
+      digs[i] = digits[d];
+      carry = false;
+    }
+  }
+  if (carry) {
+    if (head === "Z") {
+      return `a${digits[0]}`;
+    }
+    if (head === "z") {
+      return null;
+    }
+    const h = String.fromCharCode(head.charCodeAt(0) + 1);
+    if (h > "a") {
+      digs.push(digits[0]);
+    } else {
+      digs.pop();
+    }
+    return h + digs.join("");
+  }
+  return head + digs.join("");
+}
+
+// note that this may return null, as there is a smallest integer
+/**
+ * @param {string} x
+ * @param {string} digits
+ * @return {string | null}
+ */
+function decrementInteger(x: string, digits: string): string | null {
+  validateInteger(x);
+  const [head, ...digs] = x.split("");
+  let borrow = true;
+  for (let i = digs.length - 1; borrow && i >= 0; i--) {
+    const d = digits.indexOf(digs[i]) - 1;
+    if (d === -1) {
+      digs[i] = digits.slice(-1);
+    } else {
+      digs[i] = digits[d];
+      borrow = false;
+    }
+  }
+  if (borrow) {
+    if (head === "a") {
+      return `Z${digits.slice(-1)}`;
+    }
+    if (head === "A") {
+      return null;
+    }
+    const h = String.fromCharCode(head.charCodeAt(0) - 1);
+    if (h < "Z") {
+      digs.push(digits.slice(-1));
+    } else {
+      digs.pop();
+    }
+    return h + digs.join("");
+  }
+  return head + digs.join("");
+}
+
+// `a` is an order key or null (START).
+// `b` is an order key or null (END).
+// `a < b` lexicographically if both are non-null.
+// digits is a string such as '0123456789' for base 10.  Digits must be in
+// ascending character code order!
+/**
+ * @param {string | null | undefined} a
+ * @param {string | null | undefined} b
+ * @param {string=} digits
+ * @return {string}
+ */
+export function generateKeyBetween(
+  a: string | null | undefined,
+  b: string | null | undefined,
+  digits = BASE_62_DIGITS,
+): string {
+  if (a != null) {
+    validateOrderKey(a, digits);
+  }
+  if (b != null) {
+    validateOrderKey(b, digits);
+  }
+  if (a != null && b != null && a >= b) {
+    throw new Error(`${a} >= ${b}`);
+  }
+  if (a == null) {
+    if (b == null) {
+      return `a${digits[0]}`;
+    }
+
+    const ib = getIntegerPart(b);
+    const fb = b.slice(ib.length);
+    if (ib === `A${digits[0].repeat(26)}`) {
+      return ib + midpoint("", fb, digits);
+    }
+    if (ib < b) {
+      return ib;
+    }
+    const res = decrementInteger(ib, digits);
+    if (res == null) {
+      throw new Error("cannot decrement any more");
+    }
+    return res;
+  }
+
+  if (b == null) {
+    const ia = getIntegerPart(a);
+    const fa = a.slice(ia.length);
+    const i = incrementInteger(ia, digits);
+    return i == null ? ia + midpoint(fa, null, digits) : i;
+  }
+
+  const ia = getIntegerPart(a);
+  const fa = a.slice(ia.length);
+  const ib = getIntegerPart(b);
+  const fb = b.slice(ib.length);
+  if (ia === ib) {
+    return ia + midpoint(fa, fb, digits);
+  }
+  const i = incrementInteger(ia, digits);
+  if (i == null) {
+    throw new Error("cannot increment any more");
+  }
+  if (i < b) {
+    return i;
+  }
+  return ia + midpoint(fa, null, digits);
+}
+
+/**
+ * same preconditions as generateKeysBetween.
+ * n >= 0.
+ * Returns an array of n distinct keys in sorted order.
+ * If a and b are both null, returns [a0, a1, ...]
+ * If one or the other is null, returns consecutive "integer"
+ * keys.  Otherwise, returns relatively short keys between
+ * a and b.
+ * @param {string | null | undefined} a
+ * @param {string | null | undefined} b
+ * @param {number} n
+ * @param {string} digits
+ * @return {string[]}
+ */
+export function generateNKeysBetween(
+  a: string | null | undefined,
+  b: string | null | undefined,
+  n: number,
+  digits = BASE_62_DIGITS,
+): string[] {
+  if (n === 0) {
+    return [];
+  }
+  if (n === 1) {
+    return [generateKeyBetween(a, b, digits)];
+  }
+  if (b == null) {
+    let c = generateKeyBetween(a, b, digits);
+    const result = [c];
+    for (let i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
+      c = generateKeyBetween(c, b, digits);
+      result.push(c);
+    }
+    return result;
+  }
+  if (a == null) {
+    let c = generateKeyBetween(a, b, digits);
+    const result = [c];
+    for (let i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
+      c = generateKeyBetween(a, c, digits);
+      result.push(c);
+    }
+    result.reverse();
+    return result;
+  }
+  const mid = Math.floor(n / 2);
+  const c = generateKeyBetween(a, b, digits);
+  return [
+    ...generateNKeysBetween(a, c, mid, digits),
+    c,
+    ...generateNKeysBetween(c, b, n - mid - 1, digits),
+  ];
+}

packages/fractional-indexing/tsconfig.json

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../tsconfig.base.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "outDir": "./dist/types"
+  },
+  "include": ["src/**/*", "global.d.ts"],
+  "exclude": ["**/*.test.*", "tests", "types", "examples", "dist"]
+}

packages/math/src/point.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { degreesToRadians } from "./angle";
-import { PRECISION } from "./utils";
+import { isFiniteNumber, PRECISION } from "./utils";
 import { vectorFromPoint, vectorScale } from "./vector";
 
 import type {
@@ -253,3 +253,12 @@ export const isPointWithinBounds = <P extends GlobalPoint | LocalPoint>(
     q[1] >= Math.min(p[1], r[1])
   );
 };
+
+export const isValidPoint = (point: unknown): point is LocalPoint => {
+  return (
+    Array.isArray(point) &&
+    point.length === 2 &&
+    isFiniteNumber(point[0]) &&
+    isFiniteNumber(point[1])
+  );
+};

packages/tsconfig.base.json

@@ -20,7 +20,9 @@
       "@excalidraw/math": ["./math/src/index.ts"],
       "@excalidraw/math/*": ["./math/src/*"],
       "@excalidraw/utils": ["./utils/src/index.ts"],
-      "@excalidraw/utils/*": ["./utils/src/*"]
+      "@excalidraw/utils/*": ["./utils/src/*"],
+      "@excalidraw/fractional-indexing": ["./fractional-indexing/src/index.ts"],
+      "@excalidraw/fractional-indexing/*": ["./fractional-indexing/src/*"]
     }
   }
 }

packages/utils/tests/__snapshots__/export.test.ts.snap

@@ -98,7 +98,6 @@ exports[`exportToSvg > with default arguments 1`] = `
   "showHyperlinkPopup": false,
   "showWelcomeScreen": false,
   "snapLines": [],
-  "startBoundElement": null,
   "stats": {
     "open": false,
     "panels": 3,

scripts/buildBase.js

@@ -13,7 +13,12 @@ const getConfig = (outdir) => ({
   alias: {
     "@excalidraw/utils": path.resolve(__dirname, "../packages/utils/src"),
   },
-  external: ["@excalidraw/common", "@excalidraw/element", "@excalidraw/math"],
+  external: [
+    "@excalidraw/common",
+    "@excalidraw/element",
+    "@excalidraw/math",
+    "@excalidraw/fractional-indexing",
+  ],
 });
 
 function buildDev(config) {

scripts/buildPackage.js

@@ -74,7 +74,12 @@ const getConfig = (outdir) => ({
   alias: {
     "@excalidraw/utils": path.resolve(__dirname, "../packages/utils/src"),
   },
-  external: ["@excalidraw/common", "@excalidraw/element", "@excalidraw/math"],
+  external: [
+    "@excalidraw/common",
+    "@excalidraw/element",
+    "@excalidraw/math",
+    "@excalidraw/fractional-indexing",
+  ],
   loader: {
     ".woff2": "file",
   },